R A V : .

: [] [] [] [] [] [] [|]
:
: ,
  • © Copyright R A V (www.ferti7@zmail.ru)
  • : 22/05/2003, : 22/05/2003. 95k. .
  • :
  • FB2
  :
  4.
  4.1 ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ݼܼѼݼ߼ ޼ּ
  ܼѼݼ߼Ѽ ޼ּ ѼټѼҼѼӼѼּ ռݼ Ҽּڼּݼ߼ ѼҼ. ݼܼѼݼ߼ ޼ּ ּռּݼּ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼ߼-޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ ޼ݼ:
  =+; (4.1)
  =+, (4.2)
   Լռ - ּҼּڼ޼ , .;
   - ݼѼ߼Ӽ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ, .;
   - ޼ ټѼѼ, .;
   HP - ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ, .
  ޼ ټѼѼ ӼܼݼѼ ߼Ӽ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ѼҼڼ , ټѼѼ ߼ ܼݼѼѼڼ ޼Ѽڼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼټ޼ ڼ޼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ, ڼټռּݼڼ ܼ߼ܼڼ : =3++ . (4.3)
   ݼܼѼݼ߼ ޼ּ ޼ ټѼѼ ѼҼѼ ּռּݼּ ߼ ߼Ӽ Ҽ߼ڼܼ [16] ޼ݼ :
  =(Qi*Epi) = m i-1Qi*.(3oi+ mi+ Mi), (4.4)
   Լռ Qi - Ҽּ i- Լ Ӽڼռ ѼҼ, ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ޼ Ӽּռ޼ Ҽּ޼;
   i -ּռڼ߼ڼ߼Ѽ Ѽּ߼ܼ ߼ ռѼ߼߼ Ӽڼ ѼҼ;
   m - ܼݼڼּӼ ѼҼ, ӼܼݼѼּ޼ ݼܼѼݼ߼ ޼ּ.
   ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ ּռּݼּ ߼޼Ѽ ( ߼), Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ռݼ ԼѼ߼ڼټѼڼ ޼ڼ߼ڼּ ּ߼Ѽ ޼ּ߼ ޼ ټѼѼ [17]:
  =(߼+)/100. (4.5)
  ݼѼ߼Ӽ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ ּռּݼּ ߼޼Ѽ ݼѼ߼Ӽ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ ּ߼Ѽ ּҼּڼ޼: = (+)/100. (4.6)
  iݼ Ѽּ ڼ޼ ּ߼Ѽ 1984 Լռ = 8%.
  ѼѼ ߼ ߼ּּ߼߼ ѼҼ ݼӼ߼ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ 20%.
  ռּݼ߼ ܼ ڼӼѼּ ܼݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ӼּӼڼ Ѽۼ߼߼ ܼڼڼּ߼ = 0,15.
   ѼӼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ ռּݼ߼ ܼ ּռּݼּ ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ, ּռӼ ּռּݼּ ޼ ܼڼڼּ߼ 0,18, ڼӼѼּԼ ռݼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ޼ּ߼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ ѼռѼ:
  ߼=*0,18 , (4.7)
   Լռ ߼ - ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ ѼӼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ.
   ޼޼ ޼ ټѼѼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ ּռּݼּ Ѽټ޼ּ ݼѼ߼Ӽ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ.
   ڼԼ ޼ּ ּռּݼּ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼ߼-޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ.
  ռּݼ߼ ܼ Ӽռּݼּ ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ:
  3= 3++3߼, (4.8)
   Լռ 3 - ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ ټѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ߼Ӽ߼ ѼҼڼ, .;
   - ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ ټѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ޼Ѽڼ߼ڼ, .;
  ߼- ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ ѼӼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ.
  Ѽּ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.1
  4.2 Ҽּܼ߼Ѽ ޼ּ
  ּټݼѼ Ѽּ Ҽּܼ߼ ޼ּ Ӽݼּ ּռּݼּ߼ڼ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ ߼ Ҽּܼ ּݼ.
   ܼѼټѼּݼ Ҽּڼּݼ߼ ѼҼѼ, Ѽ߼ڼѼ߼-ּ߼ڼּܼڼ, ּڼѼݼ߼ ѼҼѼ ޼߼Ѽؼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ ּռּݼּ ܼ߼ּ߼߼ ܼѼټѼּݼ (߼ 12 ټռѼ߼ڼ).
   ܼѼؼռ޼ Ӽڼռ ѼҼ ּռּݼּ ܼѼټѼּݼ ּռڼ߼ڼ߼ ڼ޼, ܼ ټѼ߼ڼ ԼѼ 10. iݼ ޼ݼּ߼߼Լ Ҽּܼ ڼ޼ ּռּݼּ Ѽּ ߼ 1 ڼּݼ߼Լ Ҽּ޼.
  iݼ ּּӼռ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ Ҽּ޼ Ӽ߼ ּܼڼ ּ, ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ݼּ߼߼ ڼ޼ ּ߼Ѽ 1984 Լռ ޼߼ؼڼ ߼ ڼ߼ռּܼ ּ ߼ڼ ߼ Ӽּ޼ Ӽݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ߼ѼּԼ ռڼݼ޼߼Լ ּܼ;
  Cּ=C*Iּ , (4.9)
  Լռ Iּ.- ڼ߼ռּܼ ּ (ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ ѼӼ߼ 28,31)
  iѼ߼߼ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.2
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  ߼ Ҽּڼּݼ߼ ѼҼ ߼Ѽ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼
  ޼ּ߼Ѽ ڼ޼: 8,969 . .
  ѼӼݼּ߼ ּ߼Ѽ 1984 .
   ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ: 3,03 . .
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.1
  NN / ڼ ߼޼ּ ټ-ڼڼ ߼޼ѼڼӼ Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ѼҼ ټѼѼ, ּռڼ߼ڼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ -Ӽ ڼ޼ ּռڼ߼ڼ . ҼѼ ڼ޼ .
   ӼּԼ ڼݼ ӼּԼ
   ./ ܼ.޼Ѽ./ /ݼѼ ./ ܼ.޼Ѽ./ /ݼѼ
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
  1 1-1128 ּռӼѼڼּݼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ߼ڼӼܼ ݼѼռܼ Ҽݼռټּ, 100 3 3 0,3 - 0,3/0,09 0,9 - 0,9/0,27
  2 1-120 ѼټѼҼܼ Լ߼ ܼܼѼӼѼ, 10003 1,46 91,8 2,85 88,75/8,94 134,03 4,16 129,58/13,05
  3 1-555 ҼѼ߼Ѽ ټѼܼ, 10003 0,6 55,7 2,27 53,43/20,4 33,42 1,36 32,06/12,24
  4 6-1 IۼӼ Ҽּ߼߼ ռԼӼܼ, 3 13,32 1,60 0,7 0,28/0,08 21,71 9,32 289,18/1,07
  5 6-233 IۼӼ ޼߼ݼڼ߼ ռ߼ڼ,3 95,0 3,16 1,53 0,77/0,23 300,2 145,35 73,15/21,85
  6 6-236 IۼӼ Ҽּ.ּ Ӽ ռ 6, 165 13,9 4,16 1,10/0,34 2293,5 686,4 181,5/56,1
  7 11-47 I-Ӽ Ҽ޼Ѽټ߼ Լڼռڼټݼڼ Ҽڼ޼߼ ޼Ѽڼܼ ռڼ ݼ =2޼,1002 3,17 45,8 20,9 3,75/1,12 145,19 66,25 11,89/3,55
  8 6-20 I-Ӽ ݼּ߼߼Լ ߼ռѼ޼ּ߼,3 19,71 5,66 1,55 0,76/0,23 111,56 30,55 14,98/4,53
  9 8-119 ݼѼռܼ ּ ܼݼռ ݼ.380޼,3 28,5 4,7 3,59 0,85/0,26 133,95 102,32 24,23/7,41
  10 ѼӼ ּ޼ּ߼߼-ڼټӼּܼӼ,3 3,135 24 - - 27 - -
  11 ڼڼ ּܼѼ޼ڼּܼڼ, . . 3,26 88,8 - - 92,06 - -
  12 8-121 ݼѼռܼ ּ ܼݼռ ݼ.510޼, 3 121,54 4,7 3,59 0,85/0,26 571,24 436,33 103,31/31,6
  13 ڼ޼ ּ޼ּ߼߼-ڼټӼּ. -, 9,723 24 - - 33,72 - -
  14 ڼڼ ּܼѼ޼ڼּܼڼ, . . 10,3666 88,8 - - 99,17 - -
  15 9-46 ߼Ѽ ݼּ߼ڼ, 5,0 58,0 13,8 32,1/11,8 29,0 69,0 160,5/59
  16 7-214 IܼݼѼռܼ ݼڼ ּּܼڼ, . 10 5,07 1,67 1,6/0,55 50,7 16,7 16/5,5
  17 15-201 ܼѼܼ Ӽ߼ּ߼߼ڼ Ӽּ߼ּ ߼Ѽؼ߼ ּ, 1002 1,51 114,98 91,2 10,73/5,06 173,62 137,71 16,2/7,64
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
  18 12-2 IۼӼ ݼ. ܼӼݼ ڼ Ҽּڼռ ߼ Ҽڼ޼߼ ޼Ѽڼܼ, 1002 1,8 254,0 42,4 10,6/3,18 457,2 76,32 19,08/5,72
  19 17-24 IѼ߼Ӽܼ ޼ӼѼݼ߼ڼܼ ޼Լݼ߼Լ Ҽּ ڼ߼ܼ Ѽټ޼ּ 550x420x150, 1 ܼ޼ݼּܼ 1 18,2 1,37 0,07/0,02 18,2 1,37 0,07/0,02
  20 17-61 IѼ߼Ӽܼ ߼ڼѼټ ߼ּּռӼּ߼߼ ڼּռڼ߼ּ߼߼ ҼѼܼ, 1 ܼ޼. 1 2,56 1,49 0,13/0,04 2,56 1,49 0,13/0,04
   Լ 4990,07 1784,63 1072,76/229,59
   ּּ߼߼ ѼҼ (20%) 998,01 356,93 214,55/45,92
  19 IܼѼټѼ߼ڼ Լ 5988,08 2141,56 1307,31/275,51
   ܼݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ 0,15 898,21 321,23 196,09/41,32
   Լ ޼ ټѼѼ 6886,29 2462,79 1503,4/316,83
   ѼܼݼѼռ߼ Ѽռ (20,6%) 1418,58
   ޼ּ߼Ѽ /ݼѼ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼ ѼռѼ 0,18 255,34
   Լ ߼ѼܼݼѼռ߼޼ ѼռѼ޼ (ּҼּڼ޼) 8304,87 2718,13 1503,4/316,83
   ݼѼ߼Ӽ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ 8 % 664,39
   Լ ޼ּ 8969,26 2718,13 1503,4/316,83
   ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ 3034,96
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   ڼּݼӼ ߼Ѽ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼
  ޼ּ߼Ѽ ڼ޼ ҼѼټڼ߼ ּ߼Ѽ 68715,55 .., ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ 1945337,22.. ּռӼ ߼ ݼѼ ռ ҼѼټڼ߼ ּ߼Ѽ 68,72.., ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ 1945,34.
  ѼӼݼּ߼ ּ߼Ѽ 1984.
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.2
  NN/ NN ޼ּڼѼּ Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ѼҼ ټѼѼ ޼ּ߼Ѽ ڼ޼, . . ޼ּ߼Ѽ /ݼ . ܼѼټѼּݼڼռڼ.ڼ޼߼ 12Ҽ.
   .ѼҼ ߼Ѽؼ߼ּѼҼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ ڼ ټѼѼ ּԼ
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
  1 .޼ּ Ҽּڼּݼ߼ ѼҼ 7326 - - - 7326 732,6 18
  2 ּּԼӼ ܼݼռּ V=4073 - 366,3 3296,7 - 3663 366,3 9
   ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ - 1098,9 9890,1 - 10989 - 9
  3 ռӼ 28,49 - - - 28,49 2,85 0,07
  4 Ѽ߼Ѽ Ѽ߼ڼ ּӼԼ ռּ޼ V =8193 14742 - - - 14742 1474,2 18
  5 ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ 737,1 6633,9 - 7371,0 - 9
  6 ּ߼ڼݼڼ 319,41 - - - 319,41 31,94 0,39
  7 ռӼ 57,33 - - - 57,33 5,73 0,07
  8 Ѽ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ 57,33 - - - 57,33 5,73 0,07
  9 ݼּּܼ߼ڼּܼڼּѼҼ 163,8 - - - 163,8 13,38 0,2
  10 ݼܼڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ V= 51983 93571,2 - - - 93571,2 9357,12 18
  11 ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ 46782 - - - 46782 - 9
  12 ݼּ߼ڼ 1091,58 - - - 1091,58 109,16 0,21
  13 ּ߼ڼݼڼ 2027,22 - - - 2027,22 202,72 0,39
  14 ռӼ 363,86 - - - 363,86 36,39 0,07
  15 Ѽ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ 363,86 - - - 363,86 36,39 0,07
  16 ݼּּܼ߼ ּܼڼּѼҼ 1039,6 - - - 1039,6 103,96 0,2
  17 ּټּӼѼ ڼ Ӽռ V= 3000 3 54000 - - - 54000 5400 18
  18 ռӼ 210 - - - 210 21 0,07
  19 Ѽ߼Ѽ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼ V=1182 3 21276 - - - 21276 2127,6 18
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
  20 ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ - 11000 99000 - 110000 - 9
  21 ּ߼ڼݼڼ 460,98 - - - 460,98 46,1 0,39
  22 ռӼ 82,74 - - - 82,74 8,27 0,07
  23 Ѽ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ 82,74 - - - 82,74 8,27 0,07
  24 ݼּּܼ߼ڼּܼڼ ѼҼ 236,4 - - - 236,4 23,64 0,2
   Լ: 244225,21 12103,4 108930,6 - 376305,54 68715,55 -
   ּԼ ޼ּ ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ (I= 28,31) 6914015,7 342647,25 3083825,29 - 10653209,84 1945337,2 -
  4. 3 Ӽռ߼ ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ
   Ӽռ߼ ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ ڼӼѼּ Ӽ Ӽڼռ ټѼѼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ּӼݼּ߼ڼּ ڼּݼӼ ּռڼڼ. ߼ ӼܼݼѼ ټѼѼ ߼ ӼټӼּռּ߼ڼ ߼Ӽ߼ Ӽ޼ԼѼּݼ߼ Ҽּܼ, Ӽݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ѼҼ ҼּݼѼռ߼Լ ѼѼּܼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ռԼӼܼ, ڼ߼ؼּ߼ּ߼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼּ ҼݼѼԼۼӼ ּڼڼ, Ӽټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ӽټ޼ؼ߼Լ ּҼ.
  Ӽռ߼ ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ ռּؼڼ 12 ԼݼѼ, ܼ ڼּ޼Ѽڼټڼּ ټѼѼ ߼ ڼּݼӼ ڼ ߼Ѽټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ Ѽּռּݼּ߼ڼּ ԼѼѼ.
  Ӽռ߼ ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ ѼӼݼּ ߼ ߼Ӽ Ҽּܼ߼ ޼ּ ߼ ߼Ӽ߼ Ҽּܼ ޼ ݼӼ߼ ܼ߼ּ߼߼ ߼޼ѼڼӼ. Ѽּ ټѼѼ ԼݼѼӼ 2 ռѼ߼߼ Ҽּּ ڼ Ҽּܼ߼ ޼ּ ڼԼѼ ڼּݼ߼, ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ, ڼ޼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ, ڼ ټѼѼ.
   ܼ߼ Ѽּ ݼ Լ ԼݼѼӼѼ 1-12 ӼּӼڼ [19] ּռּݼּ ޼޼ ּټּӼ ߼ ߼ּּռӼڼռּ߼߼ ѼҼ ټѼѼ: - ռݼ ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼Լ ߼Ѽټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ 3%.
   ڼԼ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼӼ Ҽּܼ ּ ּټּӼ ּռ ߼ ߼ּּռӼڼռּ߼߼ ѼҼ ټѼѼ ܼѼټӼѼּ:
  ) ޼޼ ӼټӼѼ߼ ּռ (ڼ޼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ, ݼּ߼߼ ѼټѼҼܼ ߼ڼ޼ ּ߼ڼ, Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼ ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ, ռռ ּѼݼڼټѼڼ ߼ ռҼ ռܼڼ); ӼټӼѼ߼ ޼޼ ѼӼݼ 15% ڼ޼ Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼ ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ.
  ) ټѼѼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ݼѼ ߼ѼݼԼ ߼ ռҼѼӼݼּ߼ ڼ޼-20% ڼԼӼ ռѼ߼߼ Ӽռ߼޼ ޼ּ߼޼ Ѽּ ߼ ڼּݼӼ; ߼ ܼѼټӼѼּ ռּݼ߼ ܼ ԼѼѼ 4-8.
   ܼ߼ Ӽռ߼Լ ޼ּ߼Լ Ѽּ ռӼռڼ ڼ- ӼּԼ Ӽռ߼޼ ޼ּ߼޼ Ѽּ ( i). ּټݼѼ ޼ּ߼-ڼ߼Ѽ߼ӼԼ Ѽּ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ڼӼּ ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ ּ ڼ߼ռּܼ
  I=28,31
   ּټݼѼ Ѽּ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.3
  
  
  Ӽռ߼ ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ ޼޼ 1169,63 .., ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ 33112,22 .. ڼݼ ӼټӼѼ߼ ޼ 3,0427 .., ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ 86,139 ..
  
  i" "
  ѼӼݼּ߼ ּ߼Ѽ 1984.
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.3
  NN / N ޼ּ߼ Ѽּ Լ Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ԼݼѼ, Ҽּܼ, ѼҼ ټѼѼ ޼ּ߼Ѽ ڼ޼, . ҼѼ޼ּ߼Ѽڼ޼
   ڼ.ѼҼ ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ ڼּѼҼ ټѼѼ
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
   ݼѼӼ 1 . ռԼӼܼ Ҽּܼ ڼּݼӼ: -Ӽ ּڼڼ ڼּݼӼ (0,3%) ռԼӼܼ ּڼڼ ڼּݼӼ ( 1 ,5%) -3,66 -- -- 12,21- 12,213,66
   ݼѼӼ 2. Ҽּܼ ߼Ӽ߼Լ ߼Ѽټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ 244,22 12,10 108,93 - 365,25
   ݼѼӼ 3. Ҽּܼ ռҼ߼Լ ҼݼؼڼӼѼּԼ ߼Ѽټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ(15%) 36,63 1,82 16,34 - 54,79
   ݼѼӼ 4. Ҽּܼ ߼ּԼּڼּܼԼ ټۼӼ - ڼּݼ߼ ѼҼ (7%) - ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ (8%) - ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ (9%) 17,09-- -19,54- --21,98 --- 17,0919,5421,98
   ݼѼӼ 5. Ҽּܼ Ѽ߼߼Լ ټۼӼ Ӽټ (5%) 12,21 0,61 5,45 - 18,28
   ݼѼӼ 6. Ѽؼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ, ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ, ּݼ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ԼѼټ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ (5%) 12,21 0,61 5,45 - 18,28
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
   ݼѼӼ 7. ݼѼԼۼӼ ټּݼּ߼ּ߼ڼ (3%) 7,33 - - - 7,33
   Լ 1 -7 333,35 34,68 158,15 12,21 526,2
   ݼѼӼ 8. ּ޼ּ߼߼ ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ (5%) 368,08 - - - 368,08
   Լ 1-8 701,43 34,68 158,15 12,21 906,49
   ݼѼӼ 9. ڼ ѼҼ ټѼѼ1.2,5%2. ѼѼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ޼ ߼ (1,5%)3. ѼѼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ݼѼ ݼ ּԼڼ߼Ѽݼ߼ ּ߼ ּ߼ҼѼټӼѼ߼ ڼּݼӼ ( 0,01%)4. ּռӼ ߼ Ӽټ޼ּּ߼ڼ ټѼѼ, ӼټѼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ޼ ߼ ҼѼټӼѼ߼ڼ ռؼ߼ ߼ռ (2,5%)5. ѼѼ ӼݼѼ Ѽ߼߼Լ ߼ѼݼԼ (1%) 8,77---- 3,51---- ----- 5,2610,520,07 17,5410,520,0717,54
   Լ 1-9 710,2 38,19 158,15 52,61 959,17
   ݼѼӼ 10. ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ռڼּܼڼ ּԼ ּռڼڼ ѼӼܼڼ ߼Ѽռټ (0,7%) - - - 9,59 9,59
   ݼѼӼ 1 1 . Ѽռ ߼ ռԼӼܼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ ܼѼռ (0,75%) - - - 7,19 7,19
   ݼѼӼ 12. ּܼ߼ ڼټܼѼּݼܼڼ ѼҼ (2,5%) - - - 23,97 23,97
   Լ 1-12 710,2 38,19 158,15 93,37 999,92
   ּټּ ߼ ߼ּּռӼڼռּ߼߼ Ѽռ ټѼѼ (3%) 21,31 1,14 4,74 2,80 29,99
   ּԼ Ӽռ߼޼ ޼ּ߼޼ Ѽּ 731,51 39,33 162,89 96,17 1029,91
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
   ޼޼ ӼټӼѼ߼ ּռ (15%) - - - -55,21 -55,21
   ּԼ 731,51 39,33 162,89 40,96 974,71
   i (20%) 146,3 7,86 32,57 8,19 194,92
   Լ ּ߼Ѽ 1984 . 877,81 47,19 195,46 49,15 1169,63
   Լ ּܼڼ ּ߼Ѽ (I= 28,31) 24850,8 1335,94 5533,47 1391,43 33112,22
  
  4.4 ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ޼ּ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ
  iݼ ּռּݼּ߼ڼ ּҼּڼ޼ ּռڼ߼ڼ ռܼڼ ӼռӼռ ( 13 ּѼݼڼټӼѼ߼߼ Ӽռ) ѼӼݼּ ޼ּ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ. ޼ּ ڼӼѼ ݼּռڼ ԼռӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ:
  - ټѼѼ ߼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ( ڼ޼ڼּܼڼ ּѼԼּ߼);
  - ټѼѼ ߼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ;
  - Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ;
  - ټѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ ѼҼڼ;
  - ּӼ Ҽڼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ.
  4.4.1 ѼѼ ߼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ
  ݼڼּӼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼Լ ּѼԼּ߼ , ռݼ ڼܼ ռּټڼ߼ּܼڼ Ӽռ ּռּݼּ ޼ݼ: P=Q*H, (4.10)
   Լռ Q- ԼռӼѼ ڼټӼռڼּݼ߼ ӼռӼռ, . / Լ;
   -ռּݼ߼Ѽ ߼޼ Ѽռ ּѼԼּ߼ ߼ .3, ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ [1]. Ѽ߼߼ ټѼԼӼڼּݼ߼-ܼݼѼռܼڼ Ѽռ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ ڼּ߼ڼӼ߼ Ѽټ޼ּ 20% ܼ߼ ּ߼ ּѼԼּ߼.
  ѼѼ ߼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ӽּռּ߼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.4
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.4
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ּѼԼּ߼ ռӼ ܼ-Ӽ ڼּ߼߼ Ӽռ, . 3 Ѽ ּѼԼּ߼ ߼ 10003, () Ѽ ּѼԼּ߼ ߼ ԼռӼ ܼ-Ӽ Ӽռ ּ߼ 1 ּѼԼּ߼, . ռӼ ټѼѼ ߼ ּѼԼּ߼, .
  1 2 3 4 5 6
  ݼ 4054 2,5 16,2 7800 126,36
   4054 1 4,05 2831 11,48
  ѼԼݼ߼ 4054 50 202,7 2575 521,95
  Ѽ߼߼ Ѽռ (20%) 131,96
  Լ: 791,75
  
  4.4.2 ѼѼ ߼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ
  ѼѼ ߼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ڼڼݼ ռּۼӼּ޼ Ѽڼ ټ ڼټѼռӼѼ߼߼ ߼ּԼڼ.
  ݼѼڼӼѼּ޼ ڼּռڼ߼ּ߼߼ ޼߼ N . ܼ Ӽڼݼּ ޼ݼ:
  Np = p*R*N/cos , (4.11)
   Լռ - ܼڼڼּ߼ ڼӼѼڼ Ѽ߼޼Ѽ߼ ּټּ (1,5);
  R- ܼڼڼּ߼ ڼӼѼڼ ݼּܼӼּڼּݼ߼ ߼ѼԼټܼ (1,05);
  N - ޼޼Ѽ߼Ѽ ޼߼ ѼҼڼ ռӼڼԼѼּݼּ ߼ڼټܼԼ ߼Ѽؼּ߼ڼ;
  cos - ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ ѼӼ߼ 0,9.
   Ѽ߼Ѽ Ѽ߼ڼ ּӼԼ ռּ޼
  N = 1,5 * 1,05* 60 / 0,9 = 105 ܼ.
  Ѽ߼Ѽ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼
  N = 1,5 * 1,05 * 200 / 0,9 = 350 ܼ.
  
  Ѽ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ټ Լ ߼ ռּ ռѼ Ӽռ ߼Ѽ߼޼ Ѽ߼ڼ޼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼڼ ߼ؼռ ڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ , .ܼ- ּռּݼּ ޼ݼ:
  =2,72*Q*/(1* 2), (4.12)
  Լռ 2,72 - ռּݼ߼Ѽ ߼޼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ߼ 1000 ߼߼-޼ּ ѼҼ;
  Q- ܼݼڼּӼ ռѼӼѼּ޼ Ӽռ ټ Լ, .3;
  - ռڼ߼Ѽ޼ڼּܼѼ Ӽ ռּ޼ Ӽռ, ;
  1, 2 - ӼּӼּ߼߼ ... ߼Ѽ ռӼڼԼѼּݼּ (0,8 0,9).
  Ѽ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ռݼ ߼Ѽ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ּӼԼ ռּ޼ ѼӼڼ:
  = 2,72 * 4216,19*21,82 / (0,8*0,9)= 347,545 .ܼ-.
  Ѽ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ռݼ ߼Ѽ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼ ѼӼڼ:
   = 2,72* 3694,62 * 69,31 / (0,8 *0,9)= 967,391 .ܼ-.
   ּټݼѼ Ѽּ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.5
  ѼҼݼڼ- 4.5
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ּҼڼּݼּ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ڼּռڼ߼ּ߼߼Ѽ ޼߼ .ռӼڼԼѼּݼּ, ܼ Ѽ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ ټ Լ Ѽڼ 1 ܼ-, ޼޼ ټѼѼ ټ Լ, .
  1 2 3 4 5
   1 -Լ ռּ޼ 105 347,545 0,475 165,08
   2-Լ ռּ޼ 350 967,391 0,475 459,51
  Լ: 624,59
  
  
  4.4.3 ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ
  Ѽּ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ ڼټӼռڼ ߼޼Ѽ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ ߼Ӽ߼ ߼ռѼ. ؼ߼ ڼ޼ּ߼ ּռ߼ּ߼߼ ߼޼ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ ݼּռڼ Ѽټ޼ּѼ:
  - ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ - 10% ڼ޼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ;
  - ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ 5% ڼ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ (ڼԼӼѼ ޼޼ Լ.8 .. ҼѼ ڼ޼ ټ ޼ڼ߼ ڼ޼ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ.
  - ּټݼѼ Ѽּ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ46
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.6
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ߼Ӽ߼ ߼ռ ڼ޼ ߼ռ, . ޼ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ, % ޼޼ Ѽ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ,. .
  1 2 3 4
  ݼѼӼ 6 5533,47 10 553,347
  ݼѼӼ 2 27560,47 5 1378,024
  Ѽؼ߼ ּ 18,28 4 0,731
  Լ: 33112,22 1932,102
  4.4.4 ѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ ѼҼڼ
   Ѽ ּռּݼ ټѼѼ ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ѼҼڼ, ټѼ߼ ߼Ӽ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ ռּּݼ߼ ӼռӼռ߼-ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ߼߼Լ ټۼӼ. Ҽڼ ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ӼܼݼѼ ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ ռݼ߼ڼּݼ߼Ѽ ټѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ, Ѽܼؼ Ѽټݼڼ߼ ռݼѼ. iݼѼ ټ ѼҼ ߼߼ Ӽּ޼, Ѽټռ߼ڼ߼ ռ߼ ռ. ޼Լ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ Ѽټ޼ּ 30% Ѽڼ߼Լ ߼ռ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ.
  iݼ߼ڼּݼ߼Ѽ ټѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ ڼּ߼ڼӼ߼ Ѽټ޼ּ 8-10% ߼Ӽ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ.
  Ѽּ ԼռӼԼ ߼ռ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ѼҼڼ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.7
  ѼҼݼڼ 4.7
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ּ ؼּ߼ڼ ڼݼּ߼߼ ѼҼڼ ּ߼ Ѽڼ߼ ܼݼѼ,
  1 2 3
  ݼѼ߼Ѽ 4 1600
   I ռּ޼ 971 1500
   II ռּ޼ 671 1500
  ռ߼Ѽ ܼѼ޼ּ, ܼ߼Ѽܼ߼ Ӽּݼڼּݼ 6+1 1500
  ּѼԼּ߼߼ ټۼӼ 6 1500
  Լ: 612000
  iݼѼ Ѽڼ߼޼ ߼ռ (30%) 183600
  Լ ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ /ݼѼ 795600
  iݼ߼ڼּݼ߼Ѽ /ݼѼ (10%) 79560
  Ҽڼ ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ 1058760
  Ѽּ ԼռӼԼ ߼ռ /ݼѼ Ѽռ޼ڼ߼ڼѼڼ Ӽռڼ ѼҼݼڼ 4.8
   ѼҼݼڼ 4.8
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ּ ؼּ߼ڼ ڼݼּ߼߼ ѼҼڼ ּ߼ Ѽڼ߼ ܼݼѼ,
  ռ޼ڼ߼ڼѼڼӼ߼ ܼ 5 2500
  Ѽڼ߼ ߼ 1 50000
  iݼѼ Ѽڼ߼޼ ߼ռ (30%) 45000
  Լ ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ /ݼѼ 195000
  iݼ߼ڼּݼ߼Ѽ /ݼѼ (10%) 19500
  Ҽڼ ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ 259500
  4.4.5 ּӼ ҼּܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ
   Ѽ ӼܼݼѼ ټѼѼ ߼ ߼Ӽ߼ ռݼ߼ڼּݼ߼ ټѼѼҼ߼ ݼѼ ּӼԼ Ѽռ޼ڼ߼ڼѼڼӼ߼-ѼӼݼּ߼ּܼԼ ּ߼Ѽݼ, ڼݼּ߼ڼ ߼ ڼѼݼ߼ ѼӼѼ߼ڼ, ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ּܼڼ ּ޼߼ ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ, Ѽռ ߼ Ѽ߼ ռ, ּ߼ڼܼ ҼּټѼ߼ ռ.
  ڼݼּ߼ڼ ߼ ڼѼݼ߼ ѼӼѼ߼ڼ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ Ѽټ޼ּ 38,5 % ޼޼ ߼ռ ݼѼ ռ ּӼԼ, Ѽռ޼ڼ߼ڼѼڼӼ߼-ѼӼݼּ߼ּܼԼ ּ߼Ѽݼ.
  ѼѼ ߼ ּܼڼ ּ޼߼ ټռѼ߼ڼ, ؼּ߼ڼ, ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽܼݼּ߼߼ .., ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ 1% ڼ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼.
  ڼ ּӼ ҼּܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽּ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ 6% Ҽּ ޼޼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ.
  iݼ ּռּݼּ߼ڼ Ҽڼ ԼռӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ ּҼּڼ޼ 13 Ӽռ ѼӼݼּ ޼ּ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ.
  ּҼּڼ޼ 13 Ӽռ ּռּݼּ ܼѼ Ѽ߼ ռּݼּ߼ڼ ԼռӼ ޼޼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ ( .) ߼ ԼռӼ ڼټӼռڼּݼ߼.
  ޼ּ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ Ѽռ
  Ѽڼ޼ּ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ Ѽ ټѼѼ ռӼ ټѼѼ, .
  ѼּڼѼݼ ռԼڼ ڼ޼ڼּܼڼ ּѼԼּ߼ 791,75
  ѼѼ ߼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ 624,59
  ޼ڼټѼڼ߼߼ ڼݼּ߼ڼ 1932,102
  ѼѼҼ߼Ѽ ݼѼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ ѼҼڼ 1058,760
  ּӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ ټѼѼ: -/ݼѼѼѼռ޼ڼ߼ڼѼڼӼ߼-ѼӼݼּ߼. ּ߼Ѽݼ -ڼݼּ߼ڼ ߼ ڼѼݼ߼ ѼӼѼ߼ڼ (38,5% ) -ּܼڼ ּ޼߼ (1%) Լ: ڼ Ѽռ (6%) 259,500 507,53 331,122 5505,354 330,321
  Լ: 5835,675
  
  
  ּռּݼּ ּҼּڼ޼ 1 3 Ӽռ
  =/Q,py6 , (4.13)
   = 5835,675 / 4054 = 1,44 .
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  5
  5.1 Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ
  ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ
  Ѽ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ ӼټռּۼӼڼ, ܼ ּռּݼּ߼߼ ݼӼڼ ڼӼռڼ ѼӼ޼ ڼݼ ռԼ޼ Ӽ߼ּټѼ߼޼ ּټܼ޼ ռּ߼ڼ ټռӼ ѼҼѼּԼ.
  ټռּۼӼڼ ߼ ѼҼѼּԼ, ܼ ּռּݼּ߼߼ ݼӼڼ ڼӼռڼ ټѼҼݼּӼѼ߼ڼ, ߼ѼټӼѼּ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ.
  Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ ռּݼ ڼռ ռּۼӼڼ ߼ ݼּռڼ Լ:
  - ڼټڼּܼڼ
  - ڼ޼ڼּܼڼ
  - ҼڼݼԼڼּܼڼ
  - ڼڼټڼݼԼڼּܼڼ.
  ڼټڼּܼڼ Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ ռּݼ ߼ : iӼڼؼڼּ ޼Ѽڼ߼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼټ޼; ռӼڼؼ߼ Ѽ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼Լ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ; ּּռӼڼԼѼڼּ ڼټռּݼڼ; ѼټѼڼּ ܼ߼ܼڼ; ҼڼӼѼڼּ Լ߼ ռ . .
  ڼ޼ڼּܼڼ ռּݼ ѼѼּܼ ӼټռּۼӼڼ ߼ ԼѼ߼ڼټ ּݼӼּܼ ߼: ܼڼּܼڼ; ѼټռѼؼѼڼ; ּ߼ڼҼڼݼڼټڼڼ; ܼѼ߼ּԼּ߼߼; ѼԼּ߼߼; Ӽݼڼڼ ߼ ּռܼڼӼ߼ ߼ܼڼ;
   ߼ڼܼѼ߼ڼ ԼѼ߼ڼټ ּݼӼּܼ ּּ: ԼѼ߼ ռѼ߼ڼ; ؼּݼռ߼-ܼڼּ߼ Ѽܼ; ܼؼ߼ ܼӼ ݼڼټڼ Ҽݼܼ.
  ڼݼԼڼּܼڼ Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ ӼܼݼѼּ ݼּռڼ ҼڼݼԼڼּܼڼ Ҽּܼ: ѼԼּ߼߼ ޼ڼܼԼѼ߼ڼټ޼ (ҼѼּܼڼ, Ӽڼ, ڼּ, ԼڼҼ, ּۼڼ) ռܼ ڼ ؼڼټ߼ּռּּݼ߼; ޼ڼܼԼѼ߼ڼټ޼ (Ѽּ߼ڼ ؼڼӼ߼).
  ڼڼټڼݼԼڼּܼڼ Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ ѼѼּܼ ռּۼӼڼ ռּݼ ߼ : ڼټڼּܼڼ ߼ּӼ߼-ڼڼּܼڼ ּּԼټܼ. ڼټڼּܼڼ ּּԼټܼ ռּݼ ߼: Ѽڼּܼڼ ռڼ߼Ѽ޼ڼּܼڼ. ּӼ߼-ڼڼּܼڼ ռּݼ ߼ : ޼Ӽּ߼߼ ּּ߼Ѽؼּ߼ڼ; ּּ߼Ѽؼּ߼ڼ Ѽ߼ѼݼڼټѼ; ޼߼߼߼ ռ; ޼ڼ߼Ѽݼ߼ ּּԼټܼ.
  Ѽ߼޼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼޼ ѼܼѼ޼ ڼټӼռӼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ Ӽݼּ Ҽּ߼ڼ Լ߼Ӽ ޼Ѽ ּ ڼ ѼټѼҼܼ ݼּռڼ ѼҼѼ ܼݼӼѼ߼, ռӼڼؼڼּ ޼Ѽڼ߼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼټ޼,
   Ӽݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ ڼ޼ּ߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼, ܼ ռּݼ ߼ Լ:
  1 .ټּ޼ݼּۼ߼ (ܼܼѼӼѼ, ټּ޼ݼּۼ߼-Ѽ߼߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼) ;
  2.޼Ѽڼ߼ ռݼ ݼ߼ּ߼ڼ Լ߼;
  3. ޼Ѽڼ߼ ռݼ Ӽ޼ԼѼּݼ߼ ѼҼ.
  ܼܼѼӼѼ ѼټݼڼѼ ڼܼݼڼּܼԼ (ռ߼ܼӼӼ) ߼ּּӼ߼Լ (޼߼ԼܼӼӼ) ռּۼӼڼ.
  ּ޼ݼּۼ߼-Ѽ߼߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼ ӼܼݼѼ Ҽݼռټּ, ּּܼ, Լּۼռּ, Լ-޼ּѼּݼ Լּۼռּ-ݼּӼѼ.
  Ѽڼ߼ ռݼ ݼ߼ּ߼ڼ Լ߼ ڼ߼ڼ ռּۼӼڼ Ѽټռּݼ ߼ ռӼ Լ-ѼڼּܼԼ ռڼ߼Ѽ޼ڼּܼԼ ռּۼӼڼ. ּӼ ߼ Ѽ޼ռ߼ ڼּ߼ ܼѼܼ, ܼ Ӽ- Ѽ޼ռ߼ ڼּ߼ ӼڼҼѼڼ߼߼ ܼѼܼ, ӼڼҼݼڼ Ѽ޼ҼӼ߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼.
   ޼Ѽڼ߼Ѽ ռݼ Ӽ޼ԼѼּݼ߼ ѼҼ ߼ ּܼټ, ּܼӼѼּݼ, ݼڼּݼ ݼѼ߼ڼӼڼܼ.
   ռѼ߼߼ ּܼ Ѽټռּݼ ּ߼ݼԼڼ-ڼּݼ߼Լ ڼټӼռӼ ڼ߼ ݼּռڼ ޼Ѽڼ߼ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ:
  1 .ܼܼѼӼѼ
  2. Ҽݼռټּ
  3. ܼѼ
  4.ݼּܼѼ޼ҼӼܼ.
  ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼѼ ּ޼ ڼټӼռӼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ ܼݼѼռӼѼּ ڼ ּּ ߼Ӽ߼ ѼҼڼ ּ: ѼټѼҼܼ Ӽּ޼ܼ Լ߼, Ѽ߼ڼӼܼ ּԼ ޼ּ ܼݼѼռܼ, ܼݼѼռܼ Լ߼ ߼Ѽ ڼݼ ӼѼ, ռּݼܼ ؼּ߼ڼ, .. ռӼּռּ߼ڼ Ӽּ޼ ռ ּܼ߼Լ ڼݼ.
  ѼҼڼ ڼܼ ռ߼ܼӼӼԼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ѼټѼҼܼ Լ߼ ڼݼ ռԼڼ ڼּݼ߼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ڼ ڼ ܼѼ߼ڼ, ټѼݼ߼ּ߼ڼ ܼӼ, ּּ޼ּּ߼ڼ ޼ּ ӼԼټܼ, ӼԼټܼ ӼѼ ڼݼ Ѽ߼߼ ּռӼ ҼѼ߼Լ ռ.
  ݼּܼѼ޼ҼӼܼ ڼټӼռڼ ѼҼ ݼ߼ּ߼ڼ Լ߼, ܼѼ - ѼҼ ܼѼܼ Լ߼.
   Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ Ҽּ߼ڼ Լ߼ ڼռڼ ڼ-ټ ּӼּ߼ڼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ѼټѼҼܼ Ҽּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ, ߼ּۼڼӼ Լ߼, ߼ּѼӼڼݼ߼ ѼټҼܼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ.
   Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ Լ߼ (Լݼڼ߼) Ѽټݼּ, ߼ѼѼּ ּԼ ܼ, ּּ Ӽټ߼ ޼ּؼռ ѼڼѼ޼, ټռѼּ ּ߼ڼѼݼ߼ Ѽ߼ Ҽּ߼ڼ ּ ּԼ ѼټѼҼܼ, ּݼ ߼ ڼ߼ ӼּӼڼ ޼ּ. Ѽ߼ Ҽּ߼ڼ Լ߼ ӼټѼѼּ Ӽּݼڼּ߼ڼּ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ѼټѼҼܼ. Ҽּּڼ ۼڼӼ Լ߼ ּռӼѼڼ Ҽּ߼ڼ ޼ؼ߼ ռӼ޼ ҼѼ޼: ۼӼ ܼ Ѽ߼Ӽܼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ.
  ڼټӼռӼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ ּҼּ ԼԼ Ҽݼռּ߼ڼ ѼӼڼ ּ߼ڼܼ ҼּټѼ߼. ּѼ߼ ݼѼ ڼټӼռӼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ Ҽ߼ ߼ Ѽټռ ؼּݼ.
  ܼݼּ߼ڼ ѼӼ ޼ؼּ Ҽ ռڼԼ߼ ܼӼѼݼڼڼڼӼѼ߼߼ Ҽּ߼ڼּ ѼҼڼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼټѼ ڼ߼ؼּ߼ּ߼-ּ߼ڼּܼڼ ѼҼ߼ڼܼ ڼּݼ߼-޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ڼ ּռڼڼ, ҼּټѼ߼ ڼּ޼Ѽ ޼ּռѼ ѼҼ Ѽټݼڼ߼ ݼӼڼ ڼּݼ߼Լ ڼټӼռӼ ӼּӼּ޼ּ߼߼Լ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ߼ڼ޼ ڼ߼ܼѼؼּ, ּڼռڼּܼ Ӽּܼ ټ߼Ѽ߼ڼ ڼݼ ߼ ѼӼڼ ּ߼ڼܼ ҼּټѼ߼.
  
  
  
  5.2 ּڼڼ ҼּټѼ߼޼ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ
  Ҽ ҼּټѼ߼Լ Ҽ ڼټӼռӼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼ ּּ߼ ټѼӼڼڼ Ӽۼ Լ߼. Լ߼Ѽ ּּӼּ߼߼ ӼݼѼؼ߼ Ӽڼ Լ߼Ӽ Ӽ Ѽݼؼּ߼߼ ӼҼݼڼټ ռټּ޼߼ ؼּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ӼּڼܼѼݼ߼޼ ּ߼ܼѼ޼ Ҽּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ѼټּѼּ ߼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ߼ Ҽݼּ: 1 - ּѼ߼ ԼѼӼּݼڼ Լ߼Ѽ; 1,25 - ּѼ߼, Լݼڼ߼ڼ ڼ ݼּӼڼռ߼ Լ߼Ѽ, ּҼڼ ռݼ ѼټѼҼܼ ڼ޼ּ߼ּ߼ڼ ݼ޼ ܼݼڼ߼ּ.
  ѼҼܼ Ҽݼּ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ޼ؼ߼ ּӼݼ Ҽּ ڼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ, ּݼ Ҽּּڼ ռڼ޼ ܼڼټ߼ ܼ.
   ѼټּѼּ Ҽּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ѼټѼҼѼӼѼ ޼ܼ ּѼ߼, ּѼ߼ ݼּӼ Լ߼. ߼ڼּ ܼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ Ӽּ ڼּ޼Ѽڼּܼ ߼ѼҼݼռּ߼ڼ. Ӽݼּ߼ڼ ּ ѼҼ ּڼ ܼѼ Ӽּ޼ ߼Ѽּ ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ ޼ּ ڼ Ѽ޼ڼټӼݼ߼Լ Ҽּ߼ڼ Լ߼.
   Ӽټ Ѽ߼ Ҽּ߼ڼ ּ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ӼҼݼڼټ ߼ּѼּܼݼּ߼߼ Ӽּ޼ܼ ߼ ѼټּѼּ Ѽ߼ѼӼݼڼӼѼ ּּռӼڼԼѼ ڼּݼ߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼ ѼӼ޼Ҽڼݼ, ܼݼѼռӼѼ ּݼӼ , Ѽټ޼ּѼ ݼּҼּռܼ. IѼ߼Ӽܼ ռӼڼؼּ߼ڼ ڼּݼ߼ ޼Ѽڼ Ѽ߼ Ѽּܼݼּ߼߼ Ӽּ޼ ռܼѼ ݼӼڼ ּռӼѼڼּݼ߼ Ӽּܼ Ѽּ ߼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ.
  ߼, ӼҼѼ߼߼ ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ Ѽټ޼ּѼ ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 0,5 ҼӼܼ. iݼ Ӽּ޼ ܼѼ޼, ܼڼټ߼ ܼ ּӼѼּ Լ ּּӼּ߼߼Լ ܼ ռѼ߼߼Լ Լ߼, ּռּݼ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼҼּ߼߼Լ Լ߼ ҼӼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ټѼѼ߼ּ ߼ڼ Ѽּ. ѼټּѼּ ѼټѼҼѼӼѼ Լ߼ Ҽ ռܼ. ݼѼۼ߼ ҼѼټӼѼӼڼּ ܼټܼ Լ߼ ڼݼ ߼Ѽռڼּ ߼ ܼѼ Ӽּ޼ܼ ӼѼݼ߼ ߼ؼ߼ Ҽڼ, ּռӼѼڼּݼ߼ ռѼݼڼ ڼ Ѽ߼ ټ߼ ѼҼڼ. Ҽ߼Ѽؼּ߼ڼ ڼټ߼Ѽܼ
  ռӼڼԼ ݼټ߼ּ Լ߼ ܼѼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ Ѽ߼Ӽڼ ּؼּռ߼ּӼ߼ ߼ѼҼݼռּ߼ڼ ټ ߼ڼּ ԼؼѼּ޼ ޼ּ ټѼּڼ ռӼڼؼּ߼ڼ ټ߼. Ӽټ޼ؼ߼ ߼Ѽռ ټѼ޼ּ߼ڼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ.
  ѼҼѼ ߼ ܼѼ Ӽּ޼ ߼Ѽּ ԼݼҼڼ߼ (ڼݼ) Ӽ Ҽݼּ 3 ܼڼټ߼ Ҽݼּ 1:1 ( ӼݼѼؼ߼ Ӽּ߼ 1:2) ѼҼڼ ռݼؼ߼ ּռѼ߼ڼּݼ߼ Ѽ.
  iݼ ּռּؼռּ߼ڼ Ҽּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ӼּڼܼѼݼ߼޼ ּ߼ܼѼ޼ ڼ޼ּ߼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ Ѽټݼڼ߼ ڼ. Ҽ ڼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ټѼӼڼڼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ Լ߼.
  ּݼּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ռ 3 ռݼؼ߼ Ҽ, ܼѼ ѼӼڼݼ, ڼ߼Ӽּ߼Ѽ߼޼ ڼݼ ڼ ݼּռּ Ӽݼ߼ ڼӼ ּܼѼ. Ӽڼ ڼ߼Ӽּ߼Ѽ߼ ּּܼؼ߼ ռּѼݼּ ռݼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ ռ 3 ޼ؼ߼ ڼ޼ּ߼ ռܼ ݼڼ߼ 5 ּѼ߼ Լ߼Ѽ ռԼڼ Լ߼Ѽ Ӽּ߼߼ ӼݼѼؼ߼, ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 4 - ڼ Լ߼Ѽ. iܼ ټѼܼݼѼռӼѼ ټ ӼּڼܼѼݼ߼ ۼܼ Ӽݼ߼ Լ߼ ּܼݼ ѼܼѼ޼. ۼܼ Ѽ߼ѼӼݼڼӼѼ ߼ ּؼ ּ ּּ 1,5 , Ѽܼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ - ߼ Ҽݼּ ּ ּּ -1. ּ߼ڼ ռܼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ӼܼѼ ߼Ѽ ҼӼܼѼ޼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ ּ ߼ 15 . ּݼּ߼ڼ ڼݼڼӼѼ ҼҼܼѼ޼, ߼ ܼ ڼѼ ݼܼ, ݼؼѼڼ ռݼ ּּҼܼ Լ߼. ּݼּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ Ҽݼּ 3 ռݼؼ߼ Ӽݼ߼ ڼ߼ռڼӼڼռѼݼ߼޼ ּܼ. ޼ּѼ ڼ޼ܼѼ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ޼ Ѽ߼ּ ټѼѼ߼߼ Ӽּ޼ܼѼ ߼ؼ߼ ݼּռڼ ټ ߼ڼּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ּּ߼ڼ ӼּԼ Ӽּ޼ּ߼ ڼټӼռӼ ѼҼ. ּݼּ߼ڼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ѼټҼڼѼ ޼ּ ҼѼ߼ ټѼܼ Լ߼. ּݼټ ռѼݼ ռ߼Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼ Ҽݼּ ּ ռ Ӽ, ڼ Լ߼Ѽ ݼּռּ ѼټҼڼѼ ռ߼ ռܼ. ռѼݼּ߼ڼ ռ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ּּѼӼڼ Ѽܼ, ڼּ ּӼڼ Ѽܼ ޼ؼ߼ Ӽ߼ڼ޼Ѽ ݼڼ ݼ Ѽ߼Ӽܼ ߼Ӽ. ޼ּѼ, Լռ ѼټѼҼܼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ޼ؼּ ӼټӼѼ Ӽּؼռּ߼ڼ ޼ּؼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ, Ѽܼؼ Լ߼Ѽ, ߼Ѽּ߼߼ Ӽռ (ݼӼ߼Ѽ), ּܼݼּ߼ڼ Ѽڼ߼ ڼݼ ݼ߼ ѼӼݼ Լ߼.
  iݼ ܼ ѼҼڼ ܼݼӼѼ ռݼؼ߼ Ҽ Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼ ּ޼߼ܼ ռݼڼ߼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 0,6 ּڼݼѼ޼ ڼݼ ڼѼӼ߼ ݼּ߼ڼ. ѼټּѼּ ܼѼ ܼݼӼѼ ѼܼѼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ. ߼ ѼټѼҼܼ Լ߼ ԼݼҼڼ߼ Ӽ 1,8 ּռ޼ѼڼӼѼ ּڼѼݼ߼ ߼Ѽڼݼ-ݼܼ Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ѼܼѼ. ڼڼ߼ ߼Ѽڼݼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 0,7 , Ѽ߼ڼ ޼ּؼռ ߼ڼ޼ 1,5 . Ѽؼռ ݼܼ ߼ѼҼؼѼ ҼӼ ռܼ Ӽ 15 . ڼټҼּؼѼ߼ڼ Ҽּ߼ڼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ Ѽ ݼܼѼ޼ ڼݼڼӼѼ ҼҼܼѼ޼, ڼҼڼ޼ Ѽܼ.
  ּѼ߼ڼټڼӼѼ߼߼ ѼټѼҼܼ Լ߼ ռݼ ܼݼӼѼ߼ ޼ؼ߼ ڼټӼռڼ ӼּڼܼѼݼ߼޼ ּ߼ܼѼ޼ Ҽּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ ڼݼ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ޼, Ѽܼؼ ܼѼ޼ Ҽּ ּܼݼּ߼ڼ. Ӽּ޼ ѼҼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ߼ Լּ߼ڼ߼ ռ Ѽ߼ѼӼݼڼӼѼ ߼ ݼѼ߼ڼӼѼ߼߼ ݼѼռܼ, Ӽ Ӽּ޼ ּּӼ ּݼ ܼܼѼӼѼ Ӽռ ߼ ټѼҼ, ܼӼ ܼѼ ߼ Լ߼. ܼܼѼӼѼ ּּ޼ּѼ ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 2 ܼѼ Ӽּ޼ܼ, Լּ߼ڼ (ڼݼ ܼݼּ) ܼݼѼռ ռܼݼѼռܼ. Ѽ߼ڼ ޼ּؼռ Ӽ߼ ݼѼ޼ ռ߼ܼӼӼԼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ټѼҼּ ݼҼ ּ ݼؼּ߼ڼ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 1 . Ӽּ޼ ռӼڼؼּ߼ڼ ռ߼ܼӼӼԼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ּݼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ Ѽ߼ѼӼݼڼӼѼ Լ ߼ѼѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ռ, ܼӼ ڼռ߼ڼ޼Ѽ ߼Ѽ ټּ޼ݼּ ߼ Ӽ 0,5- 0,7 , ڼѼ ߼ڼؼ߼ּ ܼ޼ܼ ܼӼ. Լټܼ Լ߼ ߼ ѼӼ޼Ҽڼݼ ܼܼѼӼѼ Ӽݼ߼ ߼ ټѼռ߼ּԼ Ҽ ڼݼ ҼܼӼ ߼ ܼټӼ ѼӼ޼Ҽڼݼ. ּݼټ ټѼԼؼѼ ܼټ ѼӼ޼Ҽڼݼ ߼ ܼѼҼڼ߼. ѼּѼּ Ӽ Ӽּ޼ Լټܼ Լ߼ ߼Ѽռڼ ޼ּؼռ ټּ޼ݼּۼ߼ ޼Ѽڼ߼ ѼӼ޼Ҽڼݼּ. ܼӼ ڼݼ ּݼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ڼݼ ܼѼ߼. Ѽռڼ 5 ܼӼ ܼܼѼӼѼ ߼ ѼټּѼּ Ӽݼ߼ ռԼڼ ѼҼ.
   ѼټѼҼܼ, Ѽ߼ڼӼѼ߼ڼ, ѼټԼټܼ, Ѽ߼ڼӼܼ ݼ߼ּ߼ڼ Լ߼ ռӼ޼ Ҽݼּ Ѽ޼ռ߼޼ ڼݼ ڼּ߼޼ ޼Ѽڼ߼Ѽ޼ (ּּܼѼ޼, ԼּۼռּѼ޼, ܼѼܼѼ޼, ҼݼռټּѼ޼ ռԼڼ޼), ڼռڼ޼ ռ߼ ټ ռԼ, Ѽ߼ڼ ޼ּؼռ ߼ڼ޼ ռݼؼ߼ Ҽ ߼ ޼ּ߼ּ 10.
  
  
  5.3 ܼݼԼ - ܼ߼޼ڼּܼ Ҽ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ӼҼѼ߼߼Լ ڼ߼ڼܼ
  Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ.
  ռݼؼѼڼּ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ Ѽ޼ּ, ܼ Ӽռּ޼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ڼҼּѼּ ߼Ѽּ Ӽּ޼ ѼѼּܼ ܼݼԼڼּܼԼ ҼּռӼڼ, ټռѼּ ּѼݼ߼ Լټ ҼּټѼ߼ ܼؼѼּ ּռ ڼ, ּӼ ּּռ Ҽּּּ߼ڼ ߼Ѽּݼּ߼ڼ ռҼܼѼּӼּ߼߼ ڼּӼ Ӽռ. ޼ ڼټּ߼ڼ ڼټڼܼ - ڼ޼ڼּܼڼ Ҽּ߼߼ּ ܼѼּӼ Ӽռ ڼ߼ڼܼ Ӽݼּ Ҽ ӼѼؼ߼ Ѽܼ. ѼټѼҼܼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼڼ ּ Ӽռڼܼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ռּݼ Ӽ߼ڼ޼Ѽ߼ڼ Ѽ߼ּ߼ڼ ּ ּ߼ Ӽ. Ѽټ߼ҼѼټڼ ڼռ߼ - ܼݼڼ޼Ѽڼּܼڼ ԼڼռݼԼڼּܼڼ ݼӼڼ ҼݼѼӼݼڼӼѼּ ּӼּ߼߼ Ѽټ߼ ݼӼڼ ڼݼټӼѼ߼ڼ ߼Ѽռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ܼѼ ڼ߼ڼܼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ּ ؼ߼, ּռ߼ּ ּӼּ߼ Ѽ.
  ּӼּ߼ Ѽۼ߼ Ѽݼؼּ߼ ټ߼ ޼߼Լݼּ߼ּ ޼ּټݼ, ټռѼּ ּڼڼּܼڼ ݼӼڼ ټѼݼּԼѼ߼ڼ, ޼ڼӼѼ߼ڼ ڼݼټӼѼ߼ڼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ. ؼ߼ Ѽۼ߼ ҼݼѼ ּռּݼѼ ּݼܼټۼӼּ߼߼ ټ߼ ѼѼּܼڼټ ּڼ޼ּӼּ߼߼ ߼ּۼڼӼ ӼݼѼؼ߼ּ߼ڼּ, ҼݼѼӼݼڼӼѼּ ڼܼ ѼټӼڼڼ ּ ܼ߼ڼ߼ּ߼Ѽݼ߼Լ ټѼݼּ߼ڼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼ ռ߼ ӼռټѼҼ.
   ҼݼѼ ޼߼Լݼּ߼ּ ޼ּټݼ Ѽ ռӼݼۼ߼Լ ݼ߼Լ ѼټӼڼڼ ޼ּټݼ ݼ, ݼӼڼ ڼݼټӼѼ߼ڼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ռݼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ Լռ ݼؼ߼, .. ռټּ޼߼ Ӽռ ټռּ ߼Ѽռ Ҽݼּ Ѽ Ӽּռ Ѽټ. ڼܼ ܼݼѼѼڼ ּ߼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ؼ߼ Ѽ ҼݼѼ ӼټѼ߼ ּռּݼּ߼߼޼ ռ߼޼ ڼ - ټ Ӽڼ ռ ݼѼּ ڼ ܼݼݼּܼ ڼܼԼ ѼټӼڼڼ ݼ߼ӼѼ ݼּ߼ Ӽ.
   ּռ߼ּ Ѽ ҼݼѼ ޼Լ Ҽ ݼּ߼ ּ߼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽռ, ߼ ߼ ּ߼ ּԼ ܼѼּӼ. .. ޼ڼӼѼ߼ڼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ Ѽ ּռּݼ ݼ ڼԼѼ Ҽݼ߼ Ӽռ. ݼ߼ ݼѼ߼ռѼ ټѼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ Ѽܼڼּܼ Ӽ ߼Ӽ߼ ݼѼռ ռѼ߼߼ ּڼڼ. Ӽڼ ܼڼݼռ ӼռѼ ߼ ټѼݼּؼּ Ӽܼڼ ܼ߼ּ߼Ѽڼ Լݼּܼڼݼ ռּؼѼڼ ޼ڼ߼ּѼݼ ҼԼѼּ߼ڼ Ӽ ѼѼ޼. ּռ ռԼڼ ڼ߼Լּռڼּ߼, ӼּѼڼ ռټּ޼߼ ӼռѼ ҼݼѼ, ޼ؼ߼ Ӽռּݼڼ ޼ѼԼѼ߼ּ, ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ Ѽݼ޼ڼ߼ڼ, ߼ּּռܼ ԼѼټ ޼ּѼ߼߼Լ ڼؼռּ߼ڼ.
  ѼѼּܼ߼ Ҽּ߼߼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽ ҼݼѼ Ӽݼּ ߼Ѽݼڼڼ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ Ӽּּ Լ޼ӼԼ ռ ѼӼּ߼߼ ԼѼټ. Ѽݼڼڼ Ӽռ Լ޼Ӽ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ ߼ ݼܼ ߼ּּռӼּ߼߼ Ӽݼڼּ ߼ ּ ܼѼּӼ ҼݼѼӼݼڼӼѼ Ӽܼ Ӽּ߼, ߼ ڼӼռڼ ѼܼڼӼڼټѼڼ ּ ܼ޼ݼּܼҼѼټӼѼ߼ڼ ߼ּܼ޼ ߼޼ڼּ޼޼ ݼּ޼ּ߼Ѽ޼. ռݼ Ӽּּ Լ޼ӼԼ ռ ڼռڼ ܼݼ 70 % ڼӼڼ Ӽռ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ, Ӽּ߼ ѼӼݼּ 100 - 140 ԼѼռ. ߼޼ڼּ޼ ռݼ ڼּӼ Ӽ ܼ޼߼ּ߼ Ӽݼ ڼ߼ڼܼ ּӼ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ ؼּݼּټ ޼ѼԼѼ߼ ܼݼڼּӼѼ ռ 2 0.5 ޼/ ӼּӼּ߼߼. ڼ ܼ߼ּ߼Ѽڼ ߼ Ӽּݼڼܼ, ռѼݼּ߼ڼ ڼ Ӽռ ڼ ܼ޼߼ּ߼ ؼּ߼ ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼޼ ռ߼޼ .. ؼּݼּټ Ӽռ ߼Ѽռڼ ּӼѼݼּ߼߼ ߼ڼ ҼݼѼ Ѽ ּԼ Ӽռڼ Ѽ ݼӼܼڼݼ߼ ܼ޼߼ּ߼. ҼּݼӼ ڼӼռڼ ռѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ּ Լڼռݼڼټ ؼּݼּټ ּ Ѽ޼ ּӼּ ּԼ ռѼݼּ߼ڼ ڼ Ӽռ. Ѽܼؼ ڼӼڼ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ Ѽݼ޼ڼ߼ڼ, ܼ ڼ޼ּ ܼѼ ߼ּԼѼ߼ڼּܼ, Ѽ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼ ڼռ, ּҼּ Ѽټݼڼ߼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼڼ ڼּ޼ ڼ ռѼݼּ߼ڼ (Ҽּ ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ Ѽ޼޼߼ڼ Ӽռ 3-5 ޼/). Ѽܼؼ ּ Ӽּ߼ Լ, ռټּ޼߼ Ӽռ ޼Լ ټѼԼټ߼ ߼ּּռܼѼ޼ (ܼ߼ּ߼Ѽڼ ߼ּּռܼ ѼӼݼּ 0.5 -3 ޼/). ܼݼܼ ռټּ޼߼ Ӽռ ҼݼѼ ּռѼӼݼ Ҽ ݼؼ߼ ޼߼Լܼ޼߼ּ߼߼ ڼּ޼, ӼܼݼѼڼ ּݼ ܼ޼ݼּܼ ߼ּԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ Ӽּּ ѼӼּ߼߼ ԼѼټ, ӼռټѼҼ ڼ ߼ڼ Ӽݼּ ߼ּܼ߼ռڼڼ߼߼ ݼּռڼ ܼѼټѼּݼ: Ӽּ߼, ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ؼּݼּټ ޼ѼԼѼ߼, ܼ޼ Լ, Ӽռ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ߼ڼټڼ ܼ߼ּ߼Ѽڼ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ Ѽ޼޼߼ڼּӼ ּռڼ߼ּ߼ڼ, Ѽܼؼ ޼ּѼ߼. ޼ ڼܼ Ѽܼڼ Ӽ Ӽݼּ ݼؼ߼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ټѼռѼּ. ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ټռѼӼѼ ԼڼԼѼ߼ܼڼ ޼߼ ҼѼҼܼ Ӽռ, ټѼѼڼӼѼ Ҽݼ ܼݼڼּӼ ڼ޼ڼܼѼ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ Ӽּռּ Ӽּ߼ڼ Ӽ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ ټѼѼ, ܼѼ ּռڼ߼Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼, Ѽ ּܼڼ. ݼּռӼѼּݼ߼, ѼڼӼѼ ӼռټѼҼ ڼ ռټּ޼߼Լ ڼ߼ڼܼ ߼ּӼԼռ߼.
  Ӽּ߼߼ ڼ߼ڼ (ּܼ) ѼѼּܼڼټּ ܼݼּҼѼ߼ڼ޼ ܼѼּӼ Ӽռ ܼݼڼּӼ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ ռּݼ߼ ּڼռ Լռ. ѼּӼ Ӽռ ּܼ Ҽݼ ּּ߼ ټѼӼڼڼ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ ּ Ӽּ߼ ܼѼ޼ ߼޼ ӼռѼ޼ Լռ ޼ݼּ߼߼Լ ּռڼڼ.
  iݼ ּ߼ Ӽռ ѼѼּܼ߼ ߼ڼּݼ߼ ҼݼѼ ޼߼, ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ԼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ Ӽּּ, ҼѼּܼڼ, Ѽ ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼Ѽ Ӽּ߼. Ѽռ ڼ ּ߼Ѽ Ӽռ ѼѼּܼڼټּ Ҽ߼ ߼ڼּݼ߼ ޼Ѽݼ ռּؼѼ߼ڼּ ޼ڼ߼ּѼݼ߼ ݼּ Ѽ߼ ߼ڼּݼ߼ ؼּܼ. ܼ߼Ѽּݼ߼ ڼ߼ڼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ռݼ ռѼ߼߼Լ ּܼ ӼҼڼѼּ ټѼӼڼڼ޼ ߼ ݼܼ ܼѼּӼ Ӽռ ڼ߼ڼܼ, ߼ Ѽܼؼ ּԼ ޼߼, ռѼݼּ߼߼ Ҽּܼ, ڼ޼ ռѼ ڼܼ Ӽռ. ܼ߼޼ڼּܼ Ҽ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ӼҼ ڼ߼ڼܼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ѼټѼҼܼ ӼѼڼѼ߼ ߼Ѽռݼּؼڼ ڼټӼռڼ ּ Ӽּ ټѼѼ ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ ܼݼѼѼڼ ܼ޼ݼּܼ ӼռӼռ, Ѽܼؼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ ؼּ߼ڼ. ڼ޼Ѽݼ߼ Ӽݼּ Ѽܼ ӼѼڼѼ߼ ܼ޼ݼּܼ ӼռӼռ, ܼ ޼޼Ѽ߼Ѽ ڼ޼ Ӽּ ټѼѼ Ҽռּ ޼ڼ߼ڼ޼Ѽݼ߼, ..
  +=.+.+.++++++=min,
   Լռ . - ڼ޼ ڼּݼӼ ؼּ߼ڼ;
  . - ؼ, ڼ ܼݼѼѼڼ;
  . - ڼ޼ ߼ּռӼѼҼܼ ݼּܼڼּܼ ߼ּԼڼ ڼ - ټ Ҽ
  Ӽռ ռݼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ;
   - ӼּӼּ߼߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ
  ӼռټѼҼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ;
   - ؼ ռݼ ڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ, ӼܼݼѼ ڼ޼
  ּѼԼּ߼;
   - ӼּӼּ߼߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼӼ ܼݼѼѼڼ
  ӼռӼռ߼ ּ;
   - ؼ ռݼ ռѼ Ӽռ ּҼڼּݼ. ޼ ӼҼڼѼּ Ӽּ߼߼ ڼ߼ڼ.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  6 Ӽ޼Ѽڼܼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼڼ ּ
  Ӽ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ
  ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼּ ߼ѼټӼѼּ ּ ؼռּ߼ڼ Ӽּݼּ޼ Ӽռ ּּ ݼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ. ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽݼּ ռ߼ڼ ڼ ߼Ӽ߼ ޼ּռ ӼռռԼӼܼ, ټӼݼڼ ռӼּ ܼѼּӼ Ӽռ ռ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼ 2874 - 82 "ռ ڼּӼѼ". ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ڼ ѼӼ Ӽռּݼ ߼ ݼܼ ռڼּԼڼӼѼ߼߼, ߼ ܼݼݼڼռ. ߼ ޼ּռ ټѼܼݼѼּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ҼѼҼѼӼѼּ޼ Ӽռ, ռּؼѼּ ڼ޼ּ, ּּ ڼݼڼ ޼ѼּڼѼ, ߼ڼѼּ޼ ռݼ ؼڼռܼ ߼ּ߼ڼѼּ޼ ռݼ Ӽּռ Ѽڼ. ּ ӼؼռѼּ ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼޼ ټѼѼѼ޼ ߼ּԼڼ. ռ߼Ѽܼ ռܼѼ Ҽݼڼ ּ ߼Ѽ ּ߼ڼܼ Ӽռڼܼ ޼ؼ߼ ݼڼ ҼѼҼܼ ߼ּҼݼڼ ܼݼڼּ Ӽռ. ּռּݼּ ޼ּ ڼݼӼѼݼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ ּ߼ݼԼڼּܼ ּ޼, .. Ҽݼڼ߼Ӽ ݼѼּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽݼּ ټѼӼּѼڼ Ѽ ҼѼҼܼ Ӽռ ڼټӼռڼ ݼ ּ ּռӼѼڼּݼ߼Լ Ӽּݼּ߼ڼ ۼ߼ڼܼѼ ݼѼѼ ڼݼ Ӽּݼڼּݼ.
  ռڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ, ߼ ܼ ּӼݼּ ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ, ߼ѼټӼѼ ڼݼѼ޼. Ҽ߼ ܼ ڼݼ ѼڼӼѼ Ѽ ӼּԼ Ӽڼռ ޼Լݼ߼ ݼѼ߼ ؼּݼּټҼּ߼߼ ּټּӼѼ.
   ڼ߼ڼ ѼҼ ܼԼ ڼݼ
  ռ Ѽּ ߼ ڼݼ ּּ ؼּݼҼ ռڼ ּּ ݼ ּܼ ԼѼӼڼ, Ӽռڼ ּּ ռּ߼Ѽؼ߼ ۼӼ, Ѽݼؼּ߼߼ ߼ڼؼ߼ּ Ѽ ڼݼ ּּ ּ߼Ѽݼ߼ ܼѼ߼Ѽ.
  ڼݼڼ ݼ Ӽݼ߼ ڼ ڼӼѼ߼߼Լ ټּ߼ڼԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ, ռӼݼּӼּԼ Ѽ߼ڼѼ߼ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼ ҼݼѼռѼּԼ ռѼ߼ ڼ޼ڼּܼ ۼܼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼּܼ ߼. ڼݼѼ ټѼԼټܼ Ӽݼּ ߼Ӽ߼ ѼҼڼ ݼּ޼ּ߼ ڼݼӼѼݼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ, ޼ ѼӼڼݼ߼ ӼҼ ּ ѼѼ޼ּ ڼ޼ּ ּӼּּ߼߼ ټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ ռݼ ּ
  ڼ 2.04.02 - 84 ּܼ޼ּ߼ռּ ڼ޼ּ߼ Ѽּռּݼڼּݼ߼ ڼּ޼ ҼݼԼ ڼӼݼּ߼ڼ, ܼݼܼ Ѽܼڼ ڼּ޼ ҼּּڼӼѼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ߼ּѼӼ߼޼ּ߼ Ѽּռּݼּ߼ڼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ. ռѼ߼߼ ڼݼ ڼ޼ּ߼ּ ҼѼ Ѽּռּݼڼּݼ߼ ڼּ޼. ڼּ޼ ڼ ڼ ݼѼ޼ѼӼ ռڼѼ޼ּ 10-12 ޼, ܼݼѼռӼѼּ޼ ѼѼݼݼּݼ߼ ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ 0,25 - 0,35 ռ ռԼ ߼ڼؼ߼ڼ ݼ ԼѼӼڼ ڼּռڼ߼ּ޼ ּ߼Ѽݼ߼޼ ܼѼ߼Ѽݼ, Ѽݼؼּ߼߼޼ ּּռڼ߼ ռ߼ڼ ڼݼ ѼѼݼݼּݼ߼ ּԼ ռݼڼ߼߼ ߼. ߼ڼټ ӼּӼݼּ߼ڼ ռ ռ߼ ڼݼ ռݼؼ߼ Ҽ 8-12 . Ӽּڼ ҼѼ ѼݼѼԼѼ ӼּڼܼѼݼ߼. ҼѼ ݼѼռ Ӽּڼ ѼӼݼּ 0,25 % ݼѼռ ڼݼ.
  ޼Ӽܼ ܼ ڼݼ
  ޼ּ߼ ѼҼ ڼݼ, ܼԼռ ּ ߼Ѽ ڼݼּ ټѼԼټܼ ռڼԼѼּ ּռּݼ߼ ռڼ޼ Ӽּݼڼڼ߼ ڼݼ ߼Ѽڼ߼Ѽּ ռѼ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼѼ, ݼؼڼ ڼԼ߼Ѽݼ ռݼ Ӽܼݼּ߼ڼ ڼݼ ߼ ޼Ӽܼ, ռݼ ӼѼ߼Ӽݼּ߼ڼ ټѼռּؼڼӼѼּ ټѼԼټܼ.
  ޼Ӽܼ ܼ ڼݼ ڼټӼռڼ ҼѼ߼ ܼ ڼݼӼѼ߼߼ Ӽռ ּ ּ ռѼ ߼Ѽ ռռ߼߼ Ѽ߼Ӽ ڼݼ ռּ߼Ѽؼ߼ ҼѼ ڼּ޼ ڼ ּټּӼѼ ڼݼӼѼ߼߼ Ӽռ ڼݼ ڼ ܼѼ߼Ѽݼ ڼݼӼѼ߼߼ Ӽռ. ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ռѼݼڼ ڼ ݼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ, Ҽּ߼߼ ڼ Ӽּ߼ڼ ݼּ, ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ, ټѼռּؼѼ߼߼ ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ. ټּ߼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ռݼؼ߼ Ҽ Ѽּݼ߼ ޼ ټѼ߼ڼ޼Ѽ ݼ ޼Ӽܼ ݼؼּ߼ڼ, ܼ ߼ ټѼ߼ڼ޼Ѽݼ ߼޼Ѽݼ߼ ѼҼ ڼݼ. ּ ޼Ӽܼ Ӽռڼ ܼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ Ӽټ޼ڼӼѼ ּ Ҽּ ּԼ ӼּݼڼڼӼѼּ; Ӽּݼڼּ߼ڼ Ҽּ޼ ߼ѼټӼѼ Ѽڼּ߼ڼ ּܼ. ޼Ӽ߼Ѽ Ӽռ, ռ ܼ, 7 - 10 Ѽ Ҽݼ, ּ ܼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ, ּּ ڼݼ ټѼԼټܼ ߼ڼټ ӼӼּ, ռ߼ڼ޼Ѽּ ӼټӼּڼӼѼּ ּ. Ѽڼּ߼ڼ ּܼ ڼռڼ ݼڼ ݼӼڼ, ּݼ ڼ߼ּ߼ڼӼ߼ ޼Ӽܼ ּӼѼּ ߼ּܼ ܼڼڼּܼ ռݼ ռѼ߼߼Լ ݼѼ ټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ.
  Ѽؼ߼ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼּ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ӽݼּ - ڼ޼ڼּܼѼ ۼܼ ߼ּ߼ڼ ڼݼּ޼ Ӽռ, . . Ҽ ߼ ߼ ҼԼѼѼݼѼ ӼּּӼѼ޼ Ӽּռ߼޼ ռݼ ټռӼ ݼռּ.
  ѼڼҼݼּ ѼѼ߼ּ߼߼ ڼݼּ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ӽݼּ ܼӼѼּӼ ּ. ӼѼּӼ ּ ߼ּҼݼ ռּؼѼ߼ڼ ڼ޼ּ ڼټӼּ߼ܼ ӼּѼּ Ӽּ Ӽּּּڼݼּ߼߼ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼ . Ѽռ ּܼ ڼ޼ּ߼ Ѽ߼Ѽڼ , ּܼѼ޼ټڼ , Լּݼ ռ , ߼Լڼټڼ , ӼݼܼѼ߼ڼּܼڼ ռ޼ּ߼߼ ݼѼܼ ռ . Ѽؼ߼ּۼڼ޼ ѼѼּܼڼڼܼѼ޼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ӽݼ ޼ּؼټּ߼ӼѼ ڼ ټѼܼ , ޼ ټּּ ݼ߼ . ݼ߼ ټּּ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ּռּݼּ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ڼ߼ּ߼ڼӼ߼ ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼּ ټѼԼټܼ.
  ռռּؼڼӼѼڼ ݼ Ӽݼ߼ּ ڼ ԼѼӼڼ ڼݼ ּҼ߼ Ӽ 0,45-0,55
   ܼ߼ ټּּ 2-40 ޼, ߼ ܼ ݼּؼڼ ڼݼѼ ټѼԼټܼ, ܼݼѼռӼѼ ռݼ Լ, Ҽ ޼ּݼܼڼ ڼݼڼ ݼּ޼ּ߼ ߼ Ӽ޼ӼѼݼ ڼ ڼݼּԼ ݼ ߼ ߼ڼݼ Ӽ޼ּ ڼݼּ޼ Ӽռ ּּ Ӽּڼ Ѽּռּݼڼּݼ߼ ڼּ޼. ռռּؼڼӼѼڼ ݼ ҼӼ Ҽݼּ ѼӼ߼޼ּ߼޼ Ѽּռּݼּ߼ڼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ݼѼռ ڼݼ ռռּؼڼӼѼ ڼݼ ټѼԼټܼ . ռռּؼڼӼѼڼ ݼ ռܼѼּ ڼ޼ּ ټּּ ڼټӼּ߼ܼ ߼ Ҽݼּ 15 %, ڼ޼ּ ټּּ ޼ּݼ ߼ּռڼ޼.
  Ѽؼ߼ ݼּ޼ּ߼ ڼݼ Ӽݼּ Ѽּռּݼڼּݼ߼Ѽ ռּ߼Ѽؼ߼Ѽ ڼּ޼. ߼ ռݼؼ߼ ҼڼѼ Ӽռڼ ڼݼӼѼ߼߼ Ӽռ Ҽּ Ӽ߼ ټּּ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ޼Ӽܼ ѼӼ߼޼ּ߼ Ѽּռּݼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ݼѼռ ڼݼ. ߼Ѽּ Ӽּ޼ Ӽּ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ּ߼ Ѽּռּݼڼּݼ߼ ڼּ޼ ҼݼԼ ڼӼݼּ߼ڼ. ѼӼ߼޼ּ߼ Ѽּռּݼּ߼ڼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ݼѼռ Ѽܼڼ ڼּ޼Ѽ ռڼԼѼּ ӼݼּռӼڼ ҼݼԼ ڼӼݼּ߼ڼ ռӼڼؼּ߼ڼ Ӽռ ּּ ռ߼ Ӽּڼ.
  ߼޼Ѽݼ߼ ѼҼ. ѼҼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ߼ӼݼѼԼѼڼ޼ Ӽݼ ּԼ Ӽټ޼ؼ߼ ݼּ߼ڼ Ѽۼ߼ ڼּݼӼ ռѼ߼߼Լ ڼݼӼѼݼ߼Լ ܼ޼ݼּܼ Ҽݼռּ߼ڼ ּռּݼּ߼߼ ּ߼ڼּܼڼ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼ, ڼݼ ܼ ߼: ߼ѼռݼּؼѼڼ Ѽܼڼ߼߼ Ѽ ټѼԼټܼ, ּռּݼּ߼߼Ѽ ּּ߼ ռ߼ռ߼ Ѽټ޼ּ ּ ټּּ, ޼ּѼ߼ڼּܼѼ ߼, ڼ޼ڼּܼѼ ۼܼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ߼ּ߼ڼ ڼݼּ޼ Ӽռ.
  ּּ߼ ռ߼ռ߼ Ѽټ޼ּ ټּּ, ڼݼּ ټѼԼټܼ ּ Ѽܼڼ߼߼ Ѽ ּӼּ߼߼ Ӽݼڼ ߼ ѼҼ ڼݼ. ݼټӼѼ߼ڼ Ҽݼּ ܼ߼Լ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ, ּ ּռ޼ּ߼߼, Ӽݼּּ ټ Ҽ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼѼ. ݼټӼѼ߼ڼ Ҽݼּ ޼ּݼܼԼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ӼټӼѼּ ޼ּ߼ּ߼ڼ ڼݼڼܼݼ, ּּѼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ռؼѼ߼ڼ ܼݼѼѼڼ߼߼ ڼ޼ ڼܼ Ӽռ. ݼټӼѼ߼ڼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ҽݼּ ּּ߼ ߼ּռ߼ռ߼ Ӽּݼڼڼ߼ ټּּ, ּӼѼּ ռڼ޼ ּռּݼ, ռѼּ ݼӼڼ ڼ ޼Ӽܼ .. Ӽ߼ ޼ּݼܼڼ Ѽܼڼ ߼Ѽ߼ּ Ѽ߼, ּ ڼռּ ռӼڼؼּ߼ڼ ߼Ӽ߼Ѽ ޼Ѽ ټּּ ټѼԼټܼ. ӼټӼѼּ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ߼ڼؼּ߼ڼ ڼ߼ּ߼ڼӼ߼ ޼Ӽܼ, Ҽ ּӼѼڼ Ӽ߼ ޼ּݼܼڼ Ѽܼڼ. ټ߼Ѽڼּݼ߼Ѽ Ѽ ڼݼּԼ ݼ Ҽռּ ޼ ߼ּռѼ߼. ޼ ռּ߼ڼ ݼӼڼ ޼Ӽܼ ټѼԼټܼ, ڼ޼ּ߼ּ߼ڼ Ӽּ޼ ߼ּռ߼ռ߼Լ ܼ߼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ ӼټӼѼּ ռּ߼ڼ ݼӼڼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ڼ ټ ҼѼټӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽּ߼߼ ڼݼּ ݼּ߼ܼ.
  Ѽؼ߼ ܼѼټѼּݼּ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ Ӽݼּ ּԼ ޼ּѼ߼ڼּܼѼ ߼. ּѼ߼ڼּܼѼ ߼ ּ߼ڼӼѼּ ռӼ޼ ܼѼټѼּݼ޼ : ڼڼѼּ޼ (.. ּ߼ ڼټ߼ ӼݼּռӼڼ ּ߼ڼ ټּּ ռ ռԼ Ӽ Ӽּ޼ ޼Ӽ) ڼڼѼּ޼ ( ּ߼ ڼټ߼ ӼݼּռӼڼ ѼּܼѼ߼ڼ ټּּ).
  ּ߼ ѼڼڼӼּԼ ּܼ, Ѽڼ߼ ռӼڼԼѼ, ռѼ ռ ռԼ, ߼Ѽݼڼּ ߼ ߼ڼ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ ڼѼ ѼռѼ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ, ܼѼ ҼڼѼּ ռѼݼּ Ҽ߼޼ ؼּݼҼѼ޼, Ѽݼؼּ߼߼޼ ߼Ѽ Ӽּ߼ ڼݼּ ټѼԼټܼ, Ӽռ. ּݼҼ ѼݼѼԼѼ ߼ Ѽܼ Ӽ, Ҽ ߼ڼ ѼռѼݼ ݼܼ Ӽ޼ ڼ ּܼ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ, ߼ ߼ ּ. ޼Ӽ߼Ѽ Ӽռ Ӽռڼ ڼݼ ڼּ޼ ؼּݼҼ ڼݼ ռѼ , Ѽݼؼּ߼߼ ߼Ѽ Ӽּ߼ ڼݼּԼ ޼ѼּڼѼݼ.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Ӽ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽռ
   ڼּ޼Ѽ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ڼ Ӽּ߼߼Լ ڼ߼ڼܼ ߼ѼڼҼݼڼ ռ߼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ڼռڼ ּռݼּӼѼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ. ռѼ߼߼ ռڼݼ޼߼ ּܼ Ѽ޼ѼڼӼѼּ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ּؼڼ޼ ѼҼ ܼ ڼݼ.
  Ӽ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ڼݼ ټӼݼּ ռڼԼ߼ ҼּټѼӼѼڼۼ߼ ѼҼ, Ӽּݼڼڼ ߼ 8 - 10 % ڼټӼռڼּݼ߼ ڼݼ ݼڼ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼּ޼ Ӽռ, ߼ڼټڼ Ѽ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ.
  Ӽ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽռ ڼ ڼ ռӼ ּ: ѼӼ޼ѼڼּܼԼ ּԼݼڼӼѼ߼ڼ ܼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ѼӼ޼Ѽڼּܼ ޼Ӽܼ ܼ ڼݼ.
  ߼߼Ѽ ܼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ռڼԼѼּ ּ Ӽּݼڼּ߼ڼ ܼڼ ټѼռӼڼؼּ 3-9; 5-9; 7-9; 9-9 ߼ ҼӼռ ڼݼѼ ޼ּ Ӽּݼڼּ߼ڼ ڼӼݼּ߼ڼ ټѼԼټܼ ڼݼ ڼ-ټ ߼Ѽܼݼּ߼ڼ ߼ּ ټѼԼټ߼ּ߼ڼ. Լռ ټѼռӼڼؼܼ ܼѼټӼѼ ܼ޼ ݼ߼, ڼݼ ӼܼݼѼ ڼ ѼҼ ռݼ ޼Ӽܼ. ռݼؼڼּݼ߼ ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼ ӼռּؼڼӼѼּ ټѼռѼ߼߼ ּռּݼѼ ޼ ּݼ Ӽּ޼ּ߼. ߼ּ߼ڼӼ߼ ޼Ӽܼ Ѽ Ѽ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ܼ߼ݼڼּ ޼ ܼѼټӼѼּԼ ڼ߼ּԼڼּԼ Ѽռ޼ּ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼Լ ߼ ҼӼռ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ.
   ټѼӼڼڼ޼ ݼּ߼ڼ Ӽռ ߼ ڼݼ, ߼Ѽռ ռռּؼѼ߼ڼּ ߼߼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ, ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ڼټ޼ּ߼ڼ ּ ټѼռѼ߼߼
  ּռּݼѼ. iݼ ּݼ ڼݼ Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ ݼּܼڼּܼڼ ռѼڼܼ. ҼӼռѼ Ӽռ ڼݼѼ ڼݼ Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ Ѽռ޼ּ ܼѼ ڼټ޼ּڼּݼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ ּԼݼ ܼڼ ڼݼѼ߼ ټѼռӼڼؼܼ. iѼڼ Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ ݼؼڼ ټѼռѼڼܼ ռݼ ּԼݼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ ڼݼ. ܼݼּ߼ڼ ռ߼Լ ڼݼ ߼ ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼ ּ޼߼, Ӽּ߼ Ӽռ ߼ ڼݼ ߼Ѽ߼ּ ӼּݼڼڼӼѼ. ռѼڼ Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ ټѼռѼּ ߼Ӽ Ӽּݼڼּ߼߼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ.
  ּ޼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ּ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ ּռѼӼݼּ߼ ߼ ݼڼ 10.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  IݼӼ߼ Ҽټ߼Ѽּ߼ڼ ڼҼ ּռ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ:
  LE-ּӼڼ߼ ڼټ޼ּڼּݼ߼ ּҼѼټӼѼּݼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ӽ߼,
  Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ޼ּ-ռѼڼ ݼּܼڼּܼԼ Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ;
   LT-ڼҼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ӽ߼ ҼּܼѼݼ߼, ռڼѼ߼ڼ߼߼
  ּּռѼּ ܼѼټѼ߼ڼ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ޼ּ-Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ ҼּܼѼݼ߼ ݼּּּܼռѼּ;
   LC ;LI-ڼҼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ӽ߼, ܼѼټӼѼڼ, ּԼݼڼڼ,
  ѼӼݼڼ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ߼ ڼ;
  FE-ּӼڼ߼ ڼټ޼ּڼּݼ߼ ּҼѼټӼѼּݼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ѽռ,
  Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ޼ּ;
  FT-ڼҼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ѽռ ҼּܼѼݼ߼, ռڼѼ߼ڼ߼߼
  ּּռѼּ ܼѼټѼ߼ڼ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ޼ּ;
  FI;FC- ڼҼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ѽռ, ܼѼټӼѼڼ, ּԼݼڼڼ,
  ѼӼݼڼ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ߼ ڼ;
  EKS; -ݼּܼڼּܼѼ Ѽ߼ڼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼ ԼѼ޼޼, ּּܼݼѼּݼ ݼּܼڼּܼڼ ּּ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ, Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ߼ ڼ;
  NS -ܼӼѼ ѼѼѼ ռݼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ݼּܼռӼڼԼѼּݼּ (޼ѼԼ߼ڼ߼ ܼѼּݼ) ѼѼѼ, ּռ߼Ѽټ߼Ѽּ߼߼ ռݼ ߼Լ ռڼѼ߼ڼ߼߼Լ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ.
  Ѽռ޼ּ Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ ߼ ҼӼռ Ӽռ ڼݼѼ ټڼڼ޼ 2-1; 3-1; 4-1;
   5-1. ܼѼټѼ߼ڼ Ѽռ޼ּ ռڼѼ߼ڼ߼߼ ּּռѼ ߼
  ҼּܼѼݼ߼ ڼҼ ռݼ ڼټ޼ּּ߼ڼ Ѽռ ټڼڼ޼ 2-2; 8-2 , ټѼּ ߼ ܼѼټӼѼڼ ڼҼ ټڼڼ޼ 2-3; 8-3 , ܼԼ ڼԼ߼Ѽ ּּռѼּ ߼ ڼҼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼּܼԼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ټѼռӼڼؼܼѼ޼ 2-5; 4-5; 6-5; 8-5 ߼ ҼӼռ ڼݼѼ ټڼڼ޼ 2-4; 8-4. ڼ ռڼԼѼּ ּԼݼڼӼѼ߼ڼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ. ߼ѼѼݼ߼ ݼؼּ߼ڼ ߼ּ޼߼Լ ڼܼ. ޼ּ ޼ּ߼ּ߼ڼ Ѽռ ټѼռӼڼؼܼ ܼӼѼ ߼ ߼ּܼ Ӽּݼڼڼ߼ ռ ӼѼ߼Ӽݼּ߼ڼ Ѽռ.
   ܼݼּ߼ڼ ڼݼ ߼ ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼ ּ޼߼ ܼ ڼݼѼڼ ߼ּҼռڼ޼ ӼּݼڼڼӼѼ. iѼڼ ݼּܼڼּܼԼ (. 1-1), Ѽ߼Ӽݼּ߼߼ ߼ ڼݼ, ּѼԼڼּ ߼ ҼּܼѼݼ߼ Ӽ߼ּ޼ּ (. 1-2) ߼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ټѼռӼڼؼܼѼ޼ 2-5; 8-5. ݼּռӼѼּݼ߼, ռѼڼ 1-1 ݼؼڼ ټѼռѼڼܼ ܼ ڼݼӼѼ߼ڼ.
  IѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ѼҼ ޼Ӽ߼ ߼Ѽ ּӼݼּ ݼּܼڼּܼ Ѽ߼ڼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ (. 10-3), ܼѼ ѼҼѼӼѼּ ݼ ݼּ߼ڼ ڼԼ߼Ѽݼ Ѽ߼ڼ ټڼڼ޼ 3-3 9-3 . Ѽ߼ڼ (. 10-3) ּּռѼּ ڼԼ߼Ѽ ߼ ܼӼ ѼѼѼ ռݼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ ݼּܼռӼڼԼѼּݼּ 10-5 ڼݼ 10-7.
   ּ޼ ӼӼռڼ ҼݼܼڼӼܼ, ڼܼݼѼѼ Ӽ ߼ ޼Ӽܼ Ҽݼּ ռ߼Լ ڼݼ, ּӼݼּ ߼ּҼռڼ޼Ѽ ڼԼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ ѼҼ ڼݼ ߼ ݼ ѼӼݼּ߼ڼ. Ӽ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ڼݼ ټӼݼּ ռڼԼ߼ ҼּټѼӼѼڼۼ߼ ѼҼ, Ӽּݼڼڼ ߼ 8-10% ڼټӼռڼּݼ߼ ڼݼ ݼڼ ܼѼּӼ ڼݼּ޼ Ӽռ, ߼ڼټڼ Ѽ ޼Ӽ߼ Ӽռ ݼּܼ߼ּԼڼ.
  
  
   ռѼ߼߼ ռڼݼ޼߼ ּܼ ټѼּܼڼӼѼ߼߼Ѽ ڼּ޼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ Լռ ҼּּڼӼѼּ ּҼ߼ ؼڼּݼּ Լ Լռ Ӽռ ӼּӼڼ ܼѼּӼ Ӽռ ּҼӼѼ߼ڼ 2874-82 "ռ ڼּӼѼ".
   ѼټѼҼܼ ռڼݼ޼߼Լ ּܼ ҼּּڼӼѼּ ߼ ݼܼ ӼܼѼ ּܼڼӼ߼ ڼ߼ ؼּ߼ڼ ӼռӼռ߼ ּּ. ߼ ܼ߼޼ڼ߼ ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ ڼ߼ռڼѼݼ߼ ڼּݼӼ ӼռӼռ.
   ӼּӼڼ ټѼռѼ߼ڼּ Ӽݼ߼ּ߼ Ѽּ ӼռټѼҼ߼Լ ؼּ߼ڼ, ӼռӼռ߼ ּּ, ӼܼݼѼ ݼڼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽռ. ڼӼּռּ߼ ߼ܼڼ߼Ѽݼ߼Ѽ ּ޼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ѼҼ ޼Ӽܼ ڼݼ .
  ռҼ߼ Ѽ޼ּ߼ ּ ԼѼ߼ڼټѼڼ ڼּݼӼ ּ߼ݼԼڼ ڼּݼ߼Լ ڼټӼռӼ ߼Ѽ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ ӼԼ ռּ޼ ڼݼټӼѼ߼ڼּ Ӽּ޼ּ߼߼ ּ߼ݼԼڼ ӼټӼּռּ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ ڼ ޼߼ݼڼ߼Լ Ҽּ߼.
  ڼټӼּռּ Ѽ߼Ѽݼڼ Ѽ߼ Ӽּռ߼ ڼټӼռӼּ߼߼ Ѽܼ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ ߼ ڼּݼ߼ ݼѼռܼ ѼټѼҼѼ߼ ޼ּڼڼ ҼּټѼ߼޼ Ӽּռּ߼ڼ ټּ޼ݼ߼ ѼҼ.
   ܼݼԼڼּܼ Ѽ ּܼ Ѽ޼ּ߼ ܼݼԼ-ܼ߼޼ڼּܼ Ҽ߼ӼѼ߼ڼ ӼҼѼ߼߼Լ ڼ߼ڼܼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ.
  Ѽּ, Ӽݼ߼ּ߼߼ Ѽټռּݼ ܼ߼޼ڼܼ, ּռּݼڼݼ ޼ּ߼ ڼ޼ ڼּݼ߼ - ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ ڼּݼӼ ڼּ޼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ߼Ѽּݼּ߼߼Լ ߼ܼ, ܼѼ ѼӼڼݼ 33112,22 . .
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  I
  1. ڼ 2.04.02-84 ռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ. Ѽؼ߼ ּ ؼּ߼ڼ . - .:ۼڼټռѼ,1985,-136.
  2. ڼܼݼѼռټ .. ռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ / .: ۼڼټռѼ,1985,-496.; ڼ.
  3. ҼѼ޼ . ռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ. - . ۼڼټռѼ,1982,- 440 .; ڼ
  4. 2.07.01-89 ݼѼ߼ڼӼܼ ټѼۼܼ Լռ, ּݼܼ ּݼܼڼ ߼Ѽּݼּ߼߼ ߼ܼ - .:, 1980.
  5. ڼ 2.04.01. - 85 ߼ּ߼߼ڼ ӼռӼ ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ ټռѼ߼ڼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1986.
  6. ѼѼּ .. Ѽ߼ ӼټռռӼ߼ Ѽ߼ڼ. - .: . ., 1990, - 326 .; ڼ.
  7. ּӼּݼּ . ., ּӼּݼּ .. ѼҼݼڼ ռݼ ԼڼռѼӼݼڼּܼԼ Ѽּ ӼռӼռ߼ . ѼӼ߼ Ҽڼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1984, - 117.
  8. ѼӼ߼ڼ ּܼڼӼڼܼ. ռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ ߼Ѽּݼּ߼߼ ޼ּ ޼ݼּ߼߼ ּռڼڼ. ּ. ѼټѼӼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1977, -288 ., ڼ.
  9. ѼӼ߼ڼ ּڼѼݼ߼ ѼҼѼ. Ҽ, Ѽ޼Ѽ ҼռӼѼ߼ڼ ӼռӼռ߼ - ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ߼߼ ؼּ߼ڼ. ּ. . . ܼӼڼڼ߼. - .: ټ - Ӽ ݼڼּѼ ڼּݼӼ. 1970, - 527 .; ڼ.
  10. ѼӼ߼ڼ. ڼ߼߼߼ ռӼڼԼѼּݼ ּڼ 4 - . : ߼ּԼڼټռѼ, 1982, -189.; ڼ.
  11. ѼӼ߼ڼ ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ڼܼ. ߼Ѽ ڼּ Ӽ߼ּ߼ּԼ Ӽռ߼ѼҼؼּ߼ڼ
  ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ. ּ. . . ּּڼӼܼڼ߼. ټ. 4 - ., ּּѼ. ռ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1988, - 653 .; ڼ.
  12. ݼѼռּ߼ܼ . ., ּݼּܼڼ .. ּ߼ݼԼڼ ڼּݼӼ ӼռӼռ߼ ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ߼߼ ؼּ߼ڼ - ڼּ. : . ܼݼ, 1982 -335.
  13. ڼּݼ߼ ܼѼ߼ .. Ѽ߼ּӼܼڼ ռ. ּ. . . Ѽ߼ּӼܼڼ. - ڼּ: ռڼӼּݼ߼ڼ, 1984. - 240 .
  14. ڼ 1.04.03 - 85. ޼ ռݼؼڼּݼݼ߼ ڼּݼӼ ټѼռּݼ ڼּݼӼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1986, - 426 .
  15. ڼ 1.02.01 - 85. ߼ܼڼ ѼӼ, ռܼ ѼټѼҼܼ, ԼݼѼӼѼ߼ڼ Ӽּؼռּ߼ڼ i ߼ ڼּݼӼ ּռڼڼ, ټռѼ߼ڼ ؼּ߼ڼ. - .: 1988. - 40 .
  16. ڼ: Ҽ߼ڼ 2 - 1 ּ޼ּݼ߼ ѼҼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, 1989.
  17. Ҽ߼ڼ 4 - 1 ޼߼Ѽ Ҽ߼ ۼӼ ؼּݼּټҼּ߼߼ ܼ߼ܼڼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, - 1987.
  18. Ҽ߼ڼ 11 ټݼڼ߼߼ ѼҼ. - .: ۼڼټռѼ, - 1989.
  19. ڼ 4 - 5 - 82: Ҽ߼ڼܼ 1, 22, 23 - .: ۼڼټռѼ, - 1984.
  20. ּݼּܼڼ . . ԼѼ߼ڼټѼڼ ڼּݼ߼ ޼߼Ѽؼ߼ ѼҼ: Iּ. ռݼ Ӽټ. - .: . ., 1989. - 311 ., ڼ.
  21. ܼӼڼ . ߼Ӽ ѼӼ޼Ѽڼܼ ѼӼ޼ѼڼټѼڼ ӼռӼռ߼ -
  ܼѼ߼ѼݼڼټѼڼ߼߼ ؼּ߼ڼ. Iּ. ռݼ Ӽټ. ټ. 2-, ּּѼ. - .: . ., 1975 - 359 .; ڼ. 22. ڼռݼԼڼ . ѼѼռ߼ - ڼҼڼܼѼ ѼӼ߼ڼ߼, 16. - .: 1970 . @R.A.V.
  • © Copyright R A V (www.ferti7@zmail.ru)
  • : 22/05/2003, : 22/05/2003. 95k. .
  • :
  :
.

, :
. ". " . " "

o

| "" | ' ""