# Hme0404@@ : My Common Publicistic Works : Now, Look Here! (Publicistics) -- Part Four -- Others : All : 2001 - 2017 : Mirski-Bis

Христо Мирский

Look at the original text, this form is good only for copying.
Keywords: publicistics, Bulgaria, serious works, independently, untraditionally, own ideas, in English.

Мирский Христо

Hme0404@@ : My Common Publicistic Works : Now, Look Here! (Publicistics) -- Part Four -- Others : All : 2001 - 2017 : Mirski-Bis

Origin: http://samlib.ru/m/mirskij_h_n/copy_hme0404__.shtml

Создан: 01/09/2026, изменен: 01/09/2026, 127k

Статья: Публицистика, Foreign+Translat

Series: Mirski-Bis-I - Copy Me Free - in English

Look at the original text, this form is good only for copying.

Keywords: publicistics, Bulgaria, serious works, independently, untraditionally, own ideas, in English.

_______________________________ _____________________________________

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====>*_NOW, LOOK HERE!_*

===>*_(Publicistics -- Part 4)_*

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-->[ There is no idea about the cover, because in this book are gathered great variety of different journalistic materials, it is not a work of fiction, and such books are usually not illustrated. ]

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==>*_Copyright Chris MYRSKI, 2001 - 2017_*

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-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

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===>*_CONTENTS (of the whole book/*)_*

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-->[ * Here the whole book is divided in 4 Books or parts and has 9 chapters or E-books, where the papers are 69. ]

-->

-->In the first Part:

-->

-->Foreword

-->ººº[ Introduction (2001) ]

-->I. For Journals

-->ººº[ These are more serious materials, yet the division is not strict. ]

-->ºººEssay on the common sense

-->ºººººº[ This is mine first publicistic material in the spirit of perestroika which is left here with retrospective purpose. (1989) ]

-->ºººAbout the turn to the left

-->ºººººº[ This paper explains popularly the idea of the swinging of pendulum applied in the sphere of political orientation of a given country. (1995 ?) ]

-->ºººHow much has to win a company in order to have /_no_/ gain?

-->ºººººº[ This paper proves the murderous impact of high inflation (in its time) over Bulgarian small companies. (1996) ]

-->ºººOur people again hoarded goods by higher prices

-->ºººººº[ The paper contains judgements about the market on the example of Bulgaria from the end of last century. (1996) ]

-->ºººToo good is not good!

-->ºººººº[ The paper looks at the drawbacks of our botched (as everything by us) introduction of Money Board in the very end of last century; many of them were settled with the time, but nevertheless it is still actual. (1997) ]

-->ºººAre we free, or on the contrary?

-->ºººººº[ This material is dedicated to the enslavement of Bulgarian people /_with the coming of democracy_/, or more precisely: is it so, why, and is there a way out of the situation (1997) ]

-->ºººPolitical gratitude

-->ºººººº[ This is sharp criticism of Bulgarian UDF, Union of Democratic Forces, as chief political cause for the botched transition to democracy. (1998) ]

-->ºººNeo-Malthusianism, or rational judgment

-->ºººººº[ This paper throws new light on neo-Malthusianism, and looks more close on the question with overpopulation and how to fight with it. (1998) ]

-->ºººMyths about democracy

-->ºººººº[ This paper lays bare a /_dozen_/ of widely used myths about democracy and, with this, is useful practically for everybody, but some things duplicate other materials of the author. (1998) ]

-->ºººAbout the ownership and its future

-->ºººººº[ This paper take unprejudiced, although from left-wing positions, view on the question with property used for exploitation of labour of the others, as well also the necessary measures which have to be taken in order to reach in the future some /_reasonable_/ solution of this main economical problem of the society. (2001) ]

-->ºººJust /_in_/justice

-->ºººººº[ This material discusses many drawbacks of the system of justice, together with two concrete scientifically motivated (according to the author) propositions: 1) about /_unification of assessment of damages and guilt_/, and 2) one entirely new idea for /_personal modification of punishments_/. The goal is to have objective, simplified and rightful justice. The material is intended first of all for the thoughtful masses, because the jurists alone will not want to cut the branch on which they are sitting. (2001) ]

-->ºººIn ovo e veritas

-->ºººººº[ The paper evolves one original idea about using of the ... /_egg_/ as universal money unit! There are given concrete tables for Bulgaria for several years, as well also many comments about out economical paradoxes. The idea is quite original to make the material interesting for everybody. (2001 /2008) ]

-->ºººOh, 'manci, 'manci -pation!

-->ºººººº[ The paper discusses a variety of drawbacks of unnecessary movement for emancipation of the women, pointing by this at a big number of /_unwished_/ by the women consequences of this current foolishness of the half of humanity. (2002) ]

-->ºººWhat we want to tell the world?

-->ºººººº[ This is quite critical paper, which takes in focus Bulgarian symbols, the spirit of the Bulgarian, and a heap of not rightly understood ideas from our newest history. It is written from the standpoint of a thoughtful person, and because the behaviour of the nations as whole is wide away from the reasonable, then this material may look to some readers as pretty daring and insolent, but many of the judgements exceed the national borders and are applicable also to other nations. (2003) ]

-->ºººIn Bulgaria everything is quiet

-->ºººººº[ This paper is of the /_new_/ ones and observes the political situation in Bulgaria in the end of 2012, which year was characterized with long-lasting lethargy. It is analyzed the stabilization in political life, the centrists parties, the left-wing ones, the leading then right-wing party, and what we have to do (but we don't do it) in order to better the things. (2012) ]

-->ºººPolitical parties in Bulgaria

-->ºººººº[ This is my analysis of political parties in Bulgaria in the year 2012. ]

-->ºººAbout the degradation of morality

-->ºººººº[ This paper discusses, yet from general or philosophical point of view, the quite painful for more older people question about the degradation of morality, is it so, really, why it has happened so, to what this leads, and what can be expected in the future. (2012) ]

-->ºººIs it possible moderate communism in Bulgaria?

-->ºººººº[ Here is explained my viewpoint at the moderate communism, backed up by some rough calculations for Bulgaria. In the beginning is talked about what is this, then what kind of money are necessary for the purpose, and at the end is how this can be realized. (2012) ]

-->ºººEssay on the common sense -- II

-->ºººººº[ This becomes my last publisictic material in this section, which makes complete revision of my first perestroika-stile material, only that this time it goes about the democratic society. The necessity of this material has ripened because the democracy, as a matter of fact, is based on the lack of common sense by the people (with what I do /_not_/ stand that it is badly based, yet it is good to remind also the true situation). (2015) ]

-->

-->In the second Part:

-->

-->II. For Newspapers

-->ººº[ These are as if more palatable for the common readers materials, which /_can_/ be met -- yet usually are not -- in newspapers. ]

-->ºººThe truth about Bulgaria

-->ºººººº[ This piece declares quite succinct the truth about Bulgaria, citing five arguments in support of the thesis. (1994) ]

-->ºººAbout the market and the Bulgarian

-->ºººººº[ Here are explained popularly several important peculiarities of the free market, which, as it turns, are not quite clear to the Bulgarians (at least at the dawn of market economy, but nowadays, too). (1994 /1998) ]

-->ºººFive years of devastation

-->ºººººº[ The material resumes the mournful result of first five years on the way to democracy in Bulgaria, related only with destroying of the old but without creating of whatever new. (1994) ]

-->ºººDo you want to lose your 13th pension?

-->ºººººº[ This material illustrates some simple methods for /_dividing of monetary investments_/ in several banks with the purpose for receiving of higher interests in conditions of high inflation; it is true that the prices are now pretty old and originate from Bulgaria, yet it is possible to get some orientation if one wishes, because the ideas remain just the same. (1995 ?) ]

-->ºººTime to draw conclusions

-->ºººººº[ Here is treated the question of the importance of having a center in the political life in Bulgaria and about its lack by us, in 1996, as well also nowadays. (1996 ?) ]

-->ºººAbout the elections and the demos

-->ºººººº[ This material is dedicated to the unreasonability of democratic choice, is it so, and how to cope with it. In other words, could there exist "reasonability in the unreasonability", and in what this is expressed? (1996) ]

-->ºººRequiem for one coalition

-->ºººººº[ This is requiem for the notorious Bulgarian Union of Democratic Forces, UDF, which now more then a dozen of years exists only in order to remind the Bulgarians about our hasty, incompetent, and botched transition to democracy, thanks to which we are standing more than 20 years now in the tail, regarding the living standard, from all former socialist countries. It is pretty old, but if the things are observed from a reasonable standpoint, how I think that approach the matters as a rule, the things don't grow old. (1996 ?) ]

-->ºººSomething more about democracy

-->ºººººº[ Here it goes about the inefficiency of democracy, when it came to power, about the dictatorial moments in it, about movement to the right or the left, and other questions. These are still old things, but under similar circumstances they will again turn actual. (1996) ]

-->ºººWhat we have messed with the Currency Board

-->ºººººº[ The object of discussion here is clear. The material is again old and many things have now settled themselves, but this does not mean that I was not right in whatever in those times, and generally. (1998) ]

-->ºººConvergence, what is this?

-->ºººººº[ This material is dedicated to much acclaimed in its time theory about convergence of capitalism with the communism, which, in principle, turned to be right, yet with some peculiar moments, and my view, as usually, is new and untraditional (i.e. it does not fully correspond to either one of the former extremities). (1998) ]

-->ºººWhy the communism has fallen down?

-->ºººººº[ Here we approach the falling of socialism from an economic point of view, and more precisely in the sense of tying of the members of society in monetary aspect, via savings and loans. (1998) ]

-->ºººAnd where are we?

-->ºººººº[ Here is given one comparison from the year 1998 about the economic and other situation in Bulgaria (according data from foreign journals, yet in my parsing), with other ex-communist countries, that is up to date even nowadays, when we are the poorest of all in the United Europe. (1998) ]

-->ºººPredictions for the year 1999

-->ºººººº[ This paper is a pre-New Year prognosis of the economic and political situation in Bulgaria on the eve of the last century. Like the majority of my things it is actual in broad lines to this day. (1998) ]

-->ºººCan the Bulgarian pay 50 % taxes?

-->ºººººº[ This material takes in focus the question with the percentage of taxes in Bulgaria, which, although as usually around the world, but is not at all liked by us; the money have now become older, but the situation is the same, especially in connection with our poverty. (1999) ]

-->ºººReflections on the eve of the "holiday"

-->ºººººº[ This material is dedicated to the "traditional" for us day of homosexuals (2nd of Feb) and discusses questions related with them. (1999) ]

-->ºººAbout democracy and melioration

-->ºººººº[ This material looks at some of the drawbacks of democracy based on the parallel with the treatment of soil, where will it be /_meglio_/ ('meljo', or /_migliore_/) in Italian, i.e.better, depends on the very nation. (1999) ]

-->ºººAbout democratic phenomenon

-->ºººººº[ This is continuation of the previous material about the democracy, about the related with it delusions, and how we are to look at it. (1999) ]

-->ºººA step forward and two back

-->ºººººº[ This paper discusses the introduction of Money Board in Bulgaria in its time and it is aged with more than a dozen of years; nonetheless the things stated there are on the whole actual. (1999) ]

-->ºººAgain sharp turn

-->ºººººº[ The material dwells on the coming to power more than a dozen of years ago of King's party in Bulgaria, though it has long since left the stage. (2001 ) ]

-->ºººOh God, what we eat!

-->ºººººº[ Here, as one can well guess, it goes about the unnatural food and how to fight with this. This now is a new material. (2012) ]

-->ºººWhy the cocks crow early morning?

-->ºººººº[ This material proposes some philosophical, etymological, and of other kind, /_un_/professional observations over the birds. (2012 ) ]

-->ºººDoes global warming exist?

-->ºººººº[ When I pose in this way the question, then to all appearance I doubt in this. My view, which I will express in this material, is in this, that there is not so much global warming, as is /_global stirring_/ of the weather. We shall see is it so, in what this is expressed, and what can be done in order to eliminate it, if we want this. (2012) ]

-->ºººThe fatal 2013 year in Bulgaria

-->ºººººº[ This material discusses political and economic situation in Bulgaria in the beginning of fatal 13th year. (2013) ]

-->ºººWhy we vote, when we ... don't vote?

-->ºººººº[ This paper is about this, who took part in the elections in Bulgaria in 2013 godu, who whom from the politicians likes or hates, and, generally, about this how the things turned out there. (2013) ]

-->ºººAbout the fascism from common sense positions

-->ºººººº[ This is untraditional look at the contemporary fascism in Bulgaria, and everywhere, from the viewpoint of the reason, as well also about this how to oppose it. (2013) ]

-->ºººAbout the Social Ministry in Bulgaria

-->ºººººº[ Here is discussed the question about necessity and the main functions of eventual Social Ministry in Bulgaria (as the poorest country in European Community) and is shown that the expressed here ideas can be used in whatever country. (2013) ]

-->ºººHow to improve democratic protests?

-->ºººººº[ This material takes in focus the question with our inability to correctly conduct democratic protests, so that the population was able to protest, and this helped the governing; there are proposed, naturally, also ways for solving of this very important question, that are valid for all countries. (2014) ]

-->ºººRead Chris Myrski (in the sense of political reviews)

-->ºººººº[ This paper is dedicated to the political situation in Bulgaria in 2014 and the conducted then elections. There are made interesting and original conclusions, and in the end are given some expert rules for prognosticating of the political situation in Bulgaria, yet not only. (2014) ]

-->ºººThoughts about Ukraine

-->ºººººº[ This material is dedicated to the long-lasting confrontation of Ukraine and Russia, why this is bad, and what the Ukrainians have first of all to do. The approach is not typical, these are thoughts, based on the understanding of the situation by the author, yet is used also his sufficient experience in similar in many, chiefly economic, aspects in Bulgaria. (2014) ]

-->ºººMiscellaneous in the year 2016

-->ºººººº[ Well, here are various things, as it is said, here it goes about the banks' interest rates and the world economic crisis, about cares for the health, also about the bad capitalism and how it can be bettered, especially in poor countries like Bulgaria, this is a new proposition (about communal taxes), and in the end are pictured some funny moments related with bus tickets used as ... money equivalent, this in comic terms. (2016) ]

-->ºººHundred years later (To The Centenary Of October Revolution)

-->ºººººº[ This is my next, and this time last (at least here) apologetic of communism in my traditional, what means entirely /_un_/traditional style of reasonable and unprejudiced observation. The plan of narration is generally the following: about the Russian Revolution, about Lenin, about Stalin, about the communism, about its future, and some comic moments in the end about the spirit of communism. (2017) ]

-->

-->In the third Part:

-->

-->III. Feuilletons

-->ººº[ Here are things written as feuilletons, although sometimes they are not really funny. ]

-->ºººAbout the sunflower seeds and the people

-->ºººººº[ This feuilleton deals with the influence of Bulgarian transition to democracy on the consummation of sunflower seeds by the population. (1992 /1995) ]

-->ºººThe extremal solution

-->ºººººº[ In this feuilleton is applied mathematical approach for proving of maximal ... stupidity of one concrete political decision in the past (about setting of limits for the price of some product in the conditions of free market). (1994 ?) ]

-->ºººFor reforming of Bulgarian language

-->ºººººº[ This joke is dedicated to the reforming of Bulgarian language in a similar with the English manner, yet is not translated due to the specifics of the text, here is only retold the idea. (1994 /1997) ]

-->ºººTo contemporary Bulgarian language

-->ºººººº[ This feuilleton is similar with the previous, but it treats the massive Americanization of Bulgarian language; here is given also only the idea. (1994 /1997) ]

-->ºººNew laws -- old policy

-->ºººººº[ This feuilleton discusses one variant for social protection of bank deposits, i.e. forced closing of some banks and financial firms during the ruling of communists in the beginning of our democracy. (1996) ]

-->ºººHeads up, Bulgarians!

-->ºººººº[ This funny piece is dedicated to our next (in 1998) realization of incredible poverty of Bulgarian people, which had begun, obviously, with the coming of democracy in Bulgaria. ]

-->ºººAre you ready for the elections?

-->ºººººº[ This feuilleton explains some algorithms of democratic (i.e. unreasonable) choice and is permanently actual also today. (1999) ]

-->ººº/_Nomen est numen_/! (to name is to define)

-->ºººººº[ The feuilleton is dedicated to the exclusive significance of the /_name_/ for the success of prominent political figures; jokes aside, but this really is, and not of small, importance. (2000) ]

-->ºººHow to fill the treasury

-->ºººººº[ How the title shows the feuilleton is written in order to help the financial Ministers and observes various kinds of taxes. It is also always up to day. (2000) ]

-->ºººAbout the usefulness of cockroaches (scientific feuilleton)

-->ºººººº[ This feuilleton is obviously dedicated to the cockroaches; the way of narration is quite popular and of use for everybody (2012) ]

-->ºººBetter not to live to pension age!

-->ºººººº[ This last feuilleton explains some curious moments with Bulgarian pensions and is based on personal experience of the author. (2016) ]

-->ººº

-->*_In this Part_*:

-->

-->IV. Others

-->ººº[ Here are other things which do not belong to any of the previous three sections. ]

-->ºººActual political dictionary

-->ºººººº[ What is said. (1993 ?) ]

-->ºººAn open question

-->ºººººº[ This is a standard test for representatives of variety of political forces intended to allow to our population to find themselves better in the views of those persons in complicated contemporary situation. (1994 ?) ]

-->ºººAbout the trees and the people (forest allegory)

-->ºººººº[ This miniature is dedicated to the parallel between the reaction of a whole nation by the transition to democracy and the reaction of the wood on bending. (1994 ?) ]

-->ºººDozen questions for deliberation

-->ºººººº[ These are questions about the democracy, the capitalism, our transition, and other still important questions. (1996 ?) ]

-->ºººCould one cope with it?!

-->ºººººº[ Here are discussed the absurd, yet real, social security payments in Bulgaria in that time. (2000) ]

-->ºººIdea about new calendar

-->ºººººº[ What is said (and this may appear in other place). (2012) ]

-->ºººReflections about the numbers (popular etymology and more)

-->ºººººº[ This is a popular booklet (which may be published also on other place) about the names of all digits and more important numbers in /_different_/ languages, about their graphical images, and about various possible /_ideas_/ hidden behind their names. The questions are pretty complicated and lost in the gone centuries, it might be that they are somewhere partially explained, but the author has come to them /_alone_/. These are things interesting for everybody, they, in principle, are not very complicated, but as far as they require some mathematical knowledge and profound etymological researches, then they are practically known to nobody (well, some, say, 2-3 % guess about /_something_/, yet surely not about all moments). So that this is serious scientific paper, only popularly written. (2012) ]

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

====>*_OTHERS_*

-->

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_ACTUAL POLITICAL DICTIONARY_*

-->

-->*_Politician_* -- insulting nickname for a person who states that he knows all, but the only thing that he does is to "beat his breasts" always when there are people around him.

-->*_Good Politician_* -- there is /_no_/ objective criteria for determining of this, and for that reason is used the rule that who is the /_most spat-upon_/ is the best.

-->*_Bad Politician_* -- a politician who no one condemns.

-->*_Independent Politician_* -- a politician who /_does not want_/ to tell on whom he is dependent.

-->*_Political party_* -- Partial group of people with equal views about manipulation of the masses, equal /_inability_/ for logical thinking, equal short-sightedness on given matters, as well also equal goals for personal benefits.

-->*_Political tolerance_* -- admitting the /_hypothesis_/ that the political adversary is also human being.

-->*_Political reorientation_* -- political /_games_/, aiming at total confusing of the voters, so that the latter voted for new parties but for the same persons.

-->*_Adherence to political principles_* -- mental illness which is expressed in defending of ideas which no normal person will defend to the end.

-->*_President_* -- chosen for fixed term "father" of the nation, what is necessary because the people are like naughty children and there must exist somebody to punish them and whom they must obey.

-->*_Good President_* -- President who outlives on the political arena the party which has proposed him.

-->*_Monarch_* -- lifelong "father" of the nation, and due to the lifetime /_every_/ monarch is good.

-->*_Democracy_* -- the sacred right of the people to express the opinions of those /_politicians_/ who have manipulated them best of all.

-->*_Balkan syndrome_* -- Balkan variant of the statement that power corrupts the man, namely: power acts as /_purgative_/.

-->*_National Assembly /Parliament / "Talking Shop"_* (translation from Bulgarian) --tribune designed for entertainment of the people, as well also for avoiding of street collisions between differently thinking.

-->*_Representative of the Peoples_*-- chosen by the people politic, who has high opinion of himself, mediocre intellect, and primitive emotions.

-->*_Oppositionist_* -- person who is convinced that the other is wrong even /_before_/ he has heard what the other will say.

-->*_National concord_* -- /_utopian unanimity_/ which is expressed in lack of opinion on questions for which everybody has his definite opinion.

-->*_Caretaker Government_* -- Government that serves to the State, in contrast with the other Governments that serve to the people and parties in it.

-->*_Constitution_* -- main law in countries where the common sense is missing, or is questioned.

-->

-->*_Freedom of speech_* -- the right of everybody to read about the others things, which he will /_not_/ agree that they have written about him.

-->*_Journalist_* -- specialist in spreading of mass rumors.

-->*_Good journalist_* -- journalist whose rumors turn to be true.

-->*_Police_* -- institution for armed protection of property and social /_inequality_/ between the people.

-->*_Legal Courts_* -- institutions where /_against payment_/ are proved allegations, which later are taken for true.

-->*_Legality_* -- legalization of the innate wish of everybody to /_deceive_/ or cheat his neighbour.

-->*_Religion_* -- allowed (and recommended) opium for mass consumption.

-->*_Communism_* -- popular /_religion_/ of 20th century, gained spreading mainly in Eastern Europe and Asia.

-->*_Social justice_* -- advocating the idea that everybody has the right to live /_below_/ the social minimum.

-->*_Shocking therapy_* -- popular method for loosing weight between some more savage nations.

-->*_Educational qualification_* -- the reason for which the "learned" /_can't_/ receive as much money as the "unlearned".

-->*_Highlife_* -- chosen part of the society, which does nothing useful for it, and /_because of this_/ is taken by it for a sample.

-->

-->*_Market economy_* -- changing of the economy with the market.

-->*_Merchant_* -- person who takes goods from people who don't need them, and money from people who have not enough of it, gaining by this from both parties.

-->*_Capitalist_* -- person having substituted the concerns for ensuring money for his personal needs, with the concerns for multiplying of money in which he has no need.

-->*_Wage-earner_* -- contemporary slave of capital.

-->*_Unemployed_* -- the sole free person in the contemporary society, who has paid dearly for his freedom.

-->*_Millionaire_* -- polite addressing by us in the near future/*.

-->[ * This, unfortunately, is not so now, and because of this we try the word "democrat", but this does not sound so "/_milo_/"-dear (this is what "mil" in Bulgarian means, and here is meant that the million is something nice from the root mild, or milk, etc.). ]

-->*_Good payment_* -- the surest way for compensation of human /_stupidity_/.

-->*_Private property_* -- everything what one, on the contrary to his intellect, can buy or sell.

-->

-->1993 ?

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_AN OPEN QUESTION_*

==>*_to the representatives of all political powers: parliamentary, extra-parliamentary, dependent and independent, individuals, unions, parties, blocs, platforms, coalitions, and confederations_*

-->

-->Dear Ladies and Gentlemen,

-->

-->This is standard test, intended to enable Bulgarian people, based on your answers to non-traditional question, to orient themselves better about your political views in the complicated political situation in our country.

-->

-->-_Question_-: in one hot sunny day, around 17 hours, an adult citizen begins, I beg your pardon, to masturbate on the square before our National Assembly, where always stay police guards and are many passersby. If you were in place of the police officer and had freedom to take decisions what you would have undertaken (mark one of the possible answers, which you would have preferred)?

-->

-->*_a)_* You pretend not to notice anything, because in free and democratic country everything that is not forbidden is allowed, and up to your knowledge there is no special law that deals with such casus (liberal variant).

-->*_b)_* You use your radiophone to call urgently 5-6 of your colleagues with intention to border, hand in hand, some semicircular space in front of the citizen, to avoid that he, inadvertently, spattered some Mrs. or Miss, who has not noticed him. Your conclusion is based on the judgement that in a democratic country the police should not restrict the freedom, but, still, must protect the citizens from one another, avoiding in this way conflict situations (democratic variant).

-->*_c)_* You call by radiophone the First Aid in order that qualified medical personal could provide first aid to the citizen and, if needed, make him injection with bromide. You ground you judgement on the fact that we all are human beings and must help one another when necessary (Christian variant).

-->*_d)_* You use the radiophone to call police car, for to transport him to the police station, where must be filed a report and initiated a case against the violator of public order. In the court, though, turns out that the person in question presented no danger for the citizens, because he has taken all necessary measures in order to avoid splattering somebody accidentally, having providently in his left, unoccupied, hand perfumed handkerchief, a think which you, as principled guardian of order, acknowledge before the court (lawful variant).

-->*_e)_* You make a phone call by your radiophone calling police car and personally push him rudely into it, "educate" him on the way to the police station, and work for his sending to correctional labour for two weeks. Your judgement is based on the fact that his amorality is evident and he must be punished, regardless of the letter of the law (totalitarian variant).

-->*_f)_* Special meaning -- write what exactly:

-->.........................................................................................................

-->

-->Thank you for your responsiveness, dear democrats.

-->

-->1994 ?

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_ABOUT THE TREES AND THE PEOPLE (forest allegory)_*

-->

-->There are various trees in the forest. Some of them, when you bend them to one side, say, to the left, and hold them so for about 40-50 years and then leave them, they don't at all try to straighten themselves, or do this so slow, that they die without being able to straighten themselves. These are the /_hopeless trees_/.

-->Some others, when you leave them free, begin to straighten little by little their wooden body, but because have suffered long enough they don't hurry to straighten at once. Such trees, if you leave them for some 10-15 years, will rise directly up without almost no deviation, neither to the left, nor to the right. They know that it is best of all to look up, towards the light, and for this reason are called /_clever trees_/. But there are not much of them in the forest so that they as if almost don't exist.

-->Another kind of trees are such, that, when you leave them, and begin at once to straighten themselves, but because they very much wanted to straighten up it turns out that, before they mark this, they have already bent to the right, and then, even if they have marked this, they continue by inertia to bend farther to the right. They stop only when bend to the right roughly as much as have been bent earlier to the left. Then they realize that, if the point was to stay bent, then they could have as well remained bent to the left, and then throw themselves with the same impetus to the contrary side and again surpass the middle point upwards. And so on -- once to the left, and once to the right --so that, until they remain straightened, many trees die and many new are born. They are called /_common_/ trees, or also /_vulgar_/, and they are the most widespread in the forest.

-->And some young and green trees simply don't know what is better, and they bend so fast to the right, then to the left, then again to the right, so that looking at them one remains with the impression that they don't care at all in which direction to bend, only not to stand straight up. But there's nothing to be done, the damned youth can't wait, and who knows whether it is really so good to stand straight up? They, the elder trees, say so, but maybe this is because they have already lost their youthful flexibility. So that these trees are simply /_green_/. There are also many of them in the forest, and will always be many, because no tree was born knowing.

-->So that, when one looks at some forest, he never knows in advance what kind of trees he will find there and in what extent of bending they will be. For this purpose, in order to establish what kind of trees are prevailing in the forest, usually are held elections.

-->

-->1994 ?

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_DOZEN QUESTIONS FOR DELIBERATION/*_*

-->

-->[ * I have put it as leaflet in a hundred of mailboxes, but without effect, I suppose. ]

-->

-->ººº1. If the democracy was such a good a thing then why was there necessary to wait whole 25 centuries for it to come to Bulgaria, when we are their immediate neighbours?

-->ººº2. If the dictatorship was such a bad thing then why in the times of our "Bai Tosho" we have lived significantly better than now?

-->ººº3. If the capitalism was such a good social order then why was it necessary to invent the communism and the fascism? And if they were not realized wouldn't have the capitalism still remained in social regard on the level of before World War One?

-->ººº4. If the communist block have not turned to be more /_effective_/ than the capitalist one then why the wealthy capitalist countries have changed the policy of the "stick" with that of the "carrot" (according to your proverb), i.e. instead of to continue to turn their backs to us they have decided to give us a hand (or why they have not given it earlier)?

-->ººº5. If it was necessary to renounce the utopian communism then why was it necessary to return /_back in time_/ to the period of "green" capitalism, instead of to converge gradually to the existing on the West for a long time socialism (although not called so there)?

-->ººº6. If it was /_so necessary_/ to sell us to the wealthy Western countries then why we sold us on the possibly lowest price (when our minimal salary has reached 10 times lower level than by the totalitarianism, and our levs have become smaller than /_stotinki_/-cents)?

-->ººº7. If in order to build ourselves new "home" was necessary to destroy the old one, then must we all this time until we build it live "in tents"? And was it at all necessary to destroy everything to the foundations without securing us at least the "bricks" for the new one?

-->ººº8. If the purpose of democratic elections is to find /_the best_/ party /coalition and if only it must carry the responsibility for the successes /failures during its time, then why in the Parliament are present roughly as many representatives of the "bad" parties and in addition to this all MPs receive equal salaries? Or: does it exist any other competition where the winners and the losers receive equal prizes?

-->ººº9. If by the democratic elections /_each_/ (if only he is of high opinion about himself) can set his candidacy, and by this showing no document for his proved "ability" to rule, nor even sufficient age (as reason for accumulated living experience), does this mean that to rule is an easy thing? And if it is so then why we make so many errors, when having long ago reached the "bottom" continue, still, to "dig" further deeper?

-->ººº10. If the paid education is such a good thing then why in many Western countries it is free of charge, and there, where is isn't, those who alone pay for it are really a few? Similarly for the healthcare?

-->ººº11. If by the capitalism the money goes to the more capable people, not to the wealthier ones, then wouldn't it have happened so, that the latter would have hired those more capable to multiply their (of the wealthy) money, and wouldn't this have been more profitable also for the capable ones? But if so then wouldn't the big money go to the wealthier, not to the more capable ones.

-->ººº12. If the democracy was not the newest /_weapon_/, or "Trojan horse" of developed capitalist countries, in their fight with the poorer but strong and free countries, then why have they so easily succeeded to conquer us now, while earlier them have helped neither cold, nor "hot" wars?

-->And in general, if it is true that our Bulgarian nation is genetically gifted, then would it not be better if we sometimes try also to /_think_/ a little? For otherwise it turns out that what we alone make to ourselves nobody can make to us, because the democracy has this basic drawback, that: *_According with the demos, goes the "-cracy"!_*

-->

-->1996 ?

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_COULD ONE COPE WITH IT?!/*_*

-->

-->[ * I have sent this to a pair of newspapers, but with no response. ]

-->

-->According to the recent decisions on the front of social insurance everybody who pays alone his insurance (and he almost always pays alone his due payments there for the simple reason that can not find employer who will pay him salary and insurance payments), must pay at least 32 % if he wants only to receive after the necessary time pension. Payments to insurance that cover also sick days and maternity leave come to about 35 %, which, plus another 6 % for medical care make 41 % of one minimal monthly salary (MMS), but as far as the relevant authorities don't allow the people to insure themselves on lesser basis than 2 MMS, then it turns out that each self-insuring person (was he individual entrepreneur, artisan, artist, commercial agent, etc.) must pay every month at least *_82 % of MMS_*.

-->Till here everything is good, where we will not discuss now is this much or not (or for whom is it much and for whom is a little) but will only mention that since we come under the aegis of the Board our living standard stopped to fall down, but it also does not rise up, i.e. occurred the normal for every stable society stagnation). This means that if the inflation stays about 5 % in an year, then so much will be also the basic interest rate (BIR), and if one puts today on a deposit, for example, 100 lv then after 15 years he will have approximately 200 lv, but in their purchasing power they will be equal to the former 100 levs. In the same time, if one receives today income of 100 lv in a month then after the same 15 years for the same work he will receive already 200 lv per month, and together with his incomes will grow synchronously also MMS. In other words, if we express everything in MMS (how it is done in the world, as also in Bulgaria under the totalitarianism) there will be no changing.

-->On the other hand, in all normal countries the average amount of pensions and student scholarships moves somewhere around 70 % of MMS (in wider limits between 65 and 75 %, yet never outside 60-80 % of MMS; well, for the pensions it can happen that some receive more than one MMS, when their salary is bigger, but then the percentage of pension also falls down, so that this is not significantly higher and this is not a frequent thing, neither it is correct, and there must be taken also taxes, and the sums are rarely actualized, and after all -- the pensions are not for wealthy people, they are for the poor and average citizens). There are only few those who think that we are normal country now, one decent percent thinks that earlier we were such one, but hardly somebody doubts that in the future we /_must_/ become such country. This future is very relative and some say after about a decade, where some others come even to half a century, but one acceptable variant is, say, 20 years.

-->So then it turns out that those, who now pay alone their insurance payments, giving each month 82 % of MMS, will after 15-20, or 25, years receive pensions of 70% MMS (because then 1 MMS /_will not_/ be equal to 2 MMS)! Possibly our rulers think that our people are to such extent "mere water", that can't do even such elementary calculations. It can be so for the most of people, but at least the author of this correspondence has done them. And mark, please, that the today's amount of payments in the insurance exceeds this, what people will receive after a time (speaking on the average), /_even_/ on the basis of /_one to one_/, i.e. one year work for one year pension! Only that, in accordance with the new pension law, one must have approximately 40 years length of service in order to be able to retire on due time (i.e. at about 60 years), and by our statistical average life span lower than 70 years (for the men is even 67.6, according to the latest data), he has average chances to receive this pension about 5 (five) years (if he retires in age of 63)! Even if we accept that our future will be again bright (as the communist have convinced us before), then the average pensioner has no chances, after the corresponding 20 years, when his time comes, to receive his pension more then 10 years, at the maximum. In other words, the overpaying of payments in the social insurance in the moment is, in numbers and words, *_at least 5 (five) times_*.

-->In this case quite naturally arises the question ... (see the title).

-->

-->March 2000

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_IDEA ABOUT NEW CALENDAR_*

-->

-->I think it is clear that our calendar has so many flaws, that it is high time to be changed, and for that reason I have heard that there were a big number of ideas (maybe hundreds, I don't know) for a new one. Well, I make my own idea, which I have given in one or two places, but here will evolve it in more details.

-->This new calendar is *_solar_*, i.e. it is tied to the Sun not to the Moon, what I think is long ago recognized to be the right approach. In addition to the year (the time for circling of the Earth around the Sun) it sets also on the day (the time for rotating of the Earth around its axis), and everything else (months, weeks, as well as hours, minutes and seconds) is different. Moreover, it is *_decimal_*, i.e. wherever possible is used base 10 (not 12 or 60), what also is obvious for me, so that it is not excluded that I "reinvent the wheel", with some minimal modifications, but let me, still, explain the idea, because it might be that my additions are not so obvious for everyone, and however many propositions there are there is /_not yet_/ a new calendar, so that, I suppose, the forum is open, so to say.

-->

==>*_1. Long intervals (longer than a day)_*

-->These, surely, are the months and the weeks. But firstly, *_where should we start_*, because our current calendar has somehow confused the things, for it sticks to some allegedly God, not to the Sun, and begins the year not from the right place, but somewhere around the point of the winter solstice. Well, in principle, when we have a cyclical process (how I have mentioned also in other places) there is not especially significant where we shall begin, but if we have suitable /_good_/ reason for this, because the cycles of the seasons, i.e. the duration of shining of the Sun, and from there also of the temperature (for a given place and in the North hemisphere) is something like sinusoid, and it begins from the moment of transition through the zero (i.e., in our case, from the equality of the day with the night, on 22 of March); while our old calendar begins at nearly lower dead point (because till then was deadness, but now, after the new old God has been born, i.e. the Son, everything will blossom and flourish, yet it turns that only for half an year, for after this the things again worsen; in the South hemisphere, though, it happens that exactly in the beginning of the year the things start to worsen, it begins to cool). But if we begin from the point of spring or autumn equinox, then everywhere around the Earth this will be beginning, where the difference will be only in this whether it begins bettering or worsening of the weather (but, anyway, one can't please everybody, and in the northern hemisphere live more people, there is the biggest Eurasian continent).

-->In any case, there is no need for many discussions on the question, it is quite clear that we must begin from /_22 of March_/, if only because such is the tradition, so begin all Zodiacs, and they come from ancient times. But if you ponder a bit about the months (which are Latin), and if we jump over the major part of them, where are put other ideas (I discuss this somewhere but let us not diverge here from the main topic), we will come to four consecutive months where in the beginning is one digit in Latin, and after this there is some trembling (because of the cold) "brr", i.e. I mean from September to December, where the September, quite obviously, must be seventh month (then the eighth is October, etc.), but it is with the number nine according to the present-day calendar. How you think, why the ancient people have made this mistake? Yeah, but they have made no mistakes, because if March is the first month, then you just count and will see that on seven you will come exactly to September, so that everything is clear (only that our Christ has messed the things).

-->Now we come to the *_months_*, which, when we must have decimal calendar, have to be /_ten_/, there is no other way! Then 360 : 10 = /_36_/, so that the number of days in every month must be such, with small exceptions (because the days in the year are not exactly 360, they are even not 365 or 366, but come to so many) These 5 (or, resp., 6) days, because I don't think that we must change the additions for the leap years, they are good enough and we could hardly contrive something better (the number, anyway, isn't integer), we can disperse by one day to each even, or then odd, month, but I personally propose they to stay /_in one week_/ (but what we shall see after a while) /_in the end of the year_/! And now, before to criticize the non-symmetry of both halves, remind yourself that in the old calendar they are not as possible symmetric, for it is not at all necessary for the February to have only 28 days -- and why in February, ah? Because there (as if) the year ended, for this is the last month before March, so that this is one more reason for the actual beginning of the year.

-->When all these additional days are put in one place they can be somehow ... not counted! Id est, they are something /_additional_/, what that, really, are, and can simply be taken for official holidays, for something given to us (by God, if you like it better so). It even becomes very good this, that they will never exceed the number six. This will turn to be important because now we come to the weeks, which will /_not_/ have by 7 days. Why? There is very simple reason for this, because 36 is not divisible by seven, and it would have been nice if it were divisible. But it is divisible (and even twice) by 6, so that the new weeks (which in Bulgarian, by the way, are called "sevens", only the stressing is on another syllable), will be "/_sextets_/"! In this situation the additional days in the end of the year (Christmas holidays, if there will be Christmas, or just yearly holidays) will give one nearly full week, and in leap years -- i.e. in such that are jumped higher than the others (and in Slavonic languages their name is translated as with higher bones) -- this week will be exactly full. This is very good, because in this way each day of each month will correspond /_in the same way_/ with one number of the "sextet" (the remainder of division of the number of days in month by modulus 6, said in mathematical language)! For example, 17.4 (in European standard, first the day and then the month) could have been written also as 5.3.4 (or v.v.), i.e. the 5th day, of the 3rd "sextet" of the 4th month.

-->And now let us say something about their names. Well, if in some country people don't intend to rename them in their own way, I propose some universal English-French-Latin names, namely: onmon, dumon, tremon, fourmon, fifmon, sixmon, sevmon, achmon, ninemon, and tenmon, where they can be signified with digits, and even instead of from 1 to 10 we can mark them with 1 to 9 and then 0 (for the 10th month), in order to use one decimal position. Each month will have six groups or sextets, which will be called: ongroup, dugroup, tregroup, fourgroup, fifgroup, and sixgroup, with the exception of the last, tenmon, where will be also an exgroup, which prolongs it; in each group will be respectively six days, called: onday, duday, treday, fourday, fifday, and sixday.

-->But in addition to the non-symmetry because of the exgroup, which concerns the half-year, is imposed one more asymmetry for the quarter-year, which can not consist now of three new months. Some may again hurry to object, but I think that it is not significant that there are not four equal seasons, for the simple reason that they, in fact, are /_not_/ equal! Id est, the major and longer seasons are the summer and the winter, which can freely be counted by 3 new months, and the demi-seasons spring and autumn will be by 2 new months. Let us look what we have got, having in mind that 1 new month is 1 old month + 6 days. The year begins with the spring, which continues from 22.3 (onday, ongroup, onmonth) till (22.4 no, 22.5 no, but 12 days more, or, if we count all old months for 30 days, then to) 4.6. "old style" (what is onday, ongroup, tremon), I want to say that the latter is now the first day of the summer (and for the last day of the spring subtract one day); then follows the summer (till 36th fifmon, or the next season begins from the first sixmon, what means) till 22.9 "old style" (how it should have been expected); then is the autumn (in the northern hemi-sphere, of course) till 4.12; and then is the winter till 22.3 again "old "style".

-->As you see, this is even better dividing in seasons, because the spring, really, ends to the end of May, June is already full summer, and even from the very beginning, and so until 22 of September, and the autumn continues, again really, till the beginning of December (or the end of November). If there are some alterations of the beginning, depending on the geographical latitude of the place, then they are symmetrical also in the end of the season, which either prolongs itself or shortens. Because, see, the Sun begins to shine longer on 22 of March in the current calendar, but this does not yet reflect on the temperature and affects it with a month and something delay, due to the inertness of heat transfer (which is quite a slow process), so that happens one proportional shifting of /_all_/ seasons, and if they are taken for equal but are not such, then this will give distortions in all seasons (like, for example, on 22 of June the sun is the most stronger but this is wide away from the hottest time, which falls in the august month August), and if we make the seasons unequal, according to what I have said about the major and transitional seasons, then by an equal shifting we may find quite a good correspondence in the temperature, as it also happens, because the middle of the sinusoid for shining of the sun (the spring equinox) turns to be still quite near to the low dead point in regard of the temperature. In short, there will /_not_/ be the obligatory dividing in four equal seasons (in view of statistics and reports, i.e. formally), but one natural dividing will exist on the base: 2, 3, 2, 3.

-->Well, the lunar phases will not be marked, but they are missing also from the current calendar. And for those interesting in Zodiacs (because they, surely, will not disappear) will be provided small tables with the beginning days of each of them. ( By the way, let me remind you that the months as lunar ones, surely are /_not_/ 12 in the year, they are with exactness of only one day /_13_/, i.e. 28 * 13 = 364, so that here the things are also adjusted, in order to be possible to divide the year, and if it is 360 days, by as many numbers as possible, i.e. by 2, 3, and 4, or by 12 )

-->

==>*_2. Short intervals (shorter than a day)_*

-->Here we will be more concise, where it is clear, that in order to have decimal subdivisions of the day, we must make the whole day to have /_10 hours by 100 minutes, each one by 100 seconds_/. This makes 100,000 seconds instead of 24*60*60 = 86,400, so that the new second will be a bit shorter than the old, but in recompense of this the new minute will be about 1.5 times longer than the old (it will be 1/1000 of the day, while the old is 1/(24*60) = 1/1440 ), and the new hour will be 2.4 times longer. This, of course, is of no importance and is only a matter of habit, but it is simpler and more suitable to use everywhere the decimal system. Let us add also that here the counting begins again in the old manner, i.e. from 0 to 9 for the hours, or from 0 to 99 for the minutes and seconds. There will be possible to have one more division of 100 units (or then of 1000), as subdivision of the seconds, which parts ("tretunds", maybe?) will be given as fractional part of the seconds, because are so small that one will not be able to feel them and for that reason there is no need of special name for them, i.e. here is nothing new.

-->

==>*_3. Other advantages of the idea_*

-->Look, here we will speak mainly about this /_how much time we are to work_/, because 6 is better to be divided, i.e. by 2 and by 3, while 7, in fact, is not divisible by whatever, it is prime number. A group of seven days was convenient only because this is part of the lunar month, but if you imagine that there were no Moon (and nowadays we don't pay much attention to it), or you live on another planet, or something of the kind, then there are no reasons for such divisions, where from a standpoint of dividing of /_our time_/ 6 is in many aspects better -- even before 5 (although we have not 6 fingers on our hands), because 5 is also prime number. So that, if we fly to another planet, then even there we may use sextet groups for dividing of the months, where the latter can be again 10, only that the sextets will not happen to fit integer times in the month, but even in this case we could again begin to count each month from onday-Monday, because so is quite suitable (and there will remain some part of the week as holidays, probably, but for the month).

-->Yet let us consider now the working days. How much time we work, but as /_part of the day_/, because only it has remained on its place from the smaller divisions (as part of the year it is very twisted)? If the working week is 42 hours, but by so much time nowadays work almost nowhere (the people have no jobs, so that they wonder how /_less_/ to work), then this gives 6 hours per day (42:7), or 6/24 of the day, i.e. 0.25, but if they work 35 hours (what is nearer to the normal situation, or at least to the desirable quite soon), then this gives 5 hours per day, or 5/24 of the day, i.e. 0.208333, what is about 21 %. Well, if in the new six-days group we work /_4 days by 3 hours_/ (new), or the same but reversed, i.e. 3 days by 4 new hours, i.e. 12 new hours, then this taken from 6*10 = 60 hours "sextetic" or "sixtetic", i.e. in the group, makes exactly 1/5 or 20 %, what equals 34 hours today's working week. I personally think that this is just ideal perspective for quite near future (after 20 - 30 years).

-->So, and if 1 new hour is 2.4 old hours (2 h and 24 min), then 3 new hours will be 7.2 old hours (7 h and 12 min), where 4 new hours will be now 9.6 old hours (9 h and 36 min). Well, 9 hours and a half is quite a long working day, but this if we have worked like now, 5 days out of 7, but if we work 3 days and rest 3 days this won't be so bad as it seems, where 4 days by nearly 7 hours daily, and after this 2 weekends (not 5 and then 2) is very good, isn't it? I want to say that it will be considered according to the nature of the work and/or the wish of people, but nowadays more and more activities turn to a kind of watches without much special pressure, and under the condition that thereafter one will rest exactly so many days as one has worked, this will be pretty good in increasing number of cases, because now, too, exist places where are given rosters even by 12 hours (and in my proposition they are less than 10), and then is rested for as much, and then again these duties, until come some days of rest. Some similar fifty-fifty dividing of the working week has existed earlier in Germany (and/or Russia, I have read it in some books), where the peasants (during the serfdom) have worked 3 days for their master and then 3 days for themselves, and on the seventh day have rested; only that now thew will work only 3 days and rest again so many days.

-->What regards the schools then there, as also by more strenuous activities (in the healthcare, transportation, police, etc.), will be reduced working time of, say, 2.5 new (exactly 6 old) hours in 4 days out of 6. But there is another significant moment on which I would like to turn your attention: by one dividing in halves will be made possible for the people to ... sleep where they work! This is so elementary, that I don't know why nobody till now has pondered about these things, but there are no special problems, even just now, to make so that to every bigger enterprise (factory, big shop, or service) to be available some rooms for overnight stay, as well also a decent parking lot, where one can come with one's caravan and sleep in it. There are necessary also some service rooms, which, anyway, must be present in the big enterprises, and then it will turn out that if the people will work by 4 new hours, then they will have whole 6 hours more for rest, more than the half of the day. Everyone who has tried to work something at home, and now more and more activities become such that to be possible to perform them from the home by Internet, is convinced that there are no problems to work even by 12 current hours, the half of the time, a day, without much tiredness (because, for example, if he gets up at 7 he can begin to work at 8, rest a bit twice by half an hour, and 1 hour for lunch, or 2 hours altogether, to work pure 12 hours, and to finish at 10 in the evening, after what in 23 to lie down and sleep whole 8 hours; and here I speak only about 10 old hours, what is, as we say, "to work and to sing".

-->By this situation the school students can quite easily be mainly /_on board_/, for 3 days out of 6, as also their parents (or at least one of their parents, because two parents in one place are now hardly to be met), or else to go to school or college or university only one day in the group of six days, for classroom courses, and the other time to study before their computers. As you see, the dividing in half is quite fitting thing. And this not only for the work, no, this will economize also time /_for transport_/, and it is not at all little nowadays -- by averagely 1 hour there and 1 back (and in many cases, in the big megapolises, it is at least with 50 % more), four unnecessary times in the current week, this gives 2*4=8 hours, or 1/3 of a day (and even to 1/2 and more in some cases) just thrown to the wind. Add to this also the economy of fuel, which in not only money, it is also ... clean air, less need of energy, so that the effect, in my view, will be enormous (and in spite of this, as far as I know, only in some police departments exist rest rooms for the staff, and this with 5 to 10 times less beds than the people working in one shift).

-->

==>*_4. When to begin?_*

-->Well, we have missed the beginning of millennium, and it was the best moment. We can wait till the next century, but it is quite away from now, where my idea can be applied literally starting from tomorrow -- surely, after some years of considering and preparation. But, having pondered a bit about the things, I came to the conclusion that this moment of transition, ... hmm, it /_isn't important_/ at all, we can do it starting at what only year we want, from 22 of March (best of all, but even this is not obligatory), only ... /_backdated_/, of course! In other words, when will be decided that we will go to this calendar, are just to be /_recalculated all important dates after 22.Mar.2000_/ (of birth, marriages, etc.) by one pretty simple procedure (calculating first the consecutive number of the day from the beginning of the old /_year_/, subtracting from it the days before 22 Mar, if this is possible, and then the received number is divided by modulus 36, where the fractional part gives the new day of the month, and the integer part + 1 gives the new month; if there goes about days before 22 Mar then is added the exact number of days from 22 Mar last year till its end, and is proceeded in the same way as above, only that the year will be with 1 less). In this situation I would propose, say, the year 2020 as the nearest and suitable for this purpose, but dated back from the year 2000, as I said.

-->And the last moment: where, i.e. in what country, or continent? Well, most properly would be to do this transition all over the world at once, but it can freely be done also in one bigger country or union, commonwealth (only in a small country like Bulgaria this will look funny). After all, different calendars exist, they are used in parallel (like the degrees of Celsius and Fahrenheit for the temperature), so that this should not make any difficulty. Besides, there are no problems for 5 or 10 years to use in parallel both, the new and the old dates. There are no problems, except the desire of people, what, as the social practice shows, is reduced to exceedingly high inertness of the big groups of people, where the problem is not in the inventing of a new and better solution, but /_in the rejecting of the old_/ (and worse) one. I, personally, remember that the introduction of the unified system of weights and measures, SI, on its time, was not a small problem for many countries (like, say, England, where people and vehicles still move on the wrong side of the street), but under a good organization of the things and conviction in the appropriateness of the change, this proposition is wholly realizable, as I said, from tomorrow.

-->

-->October 2012

-->

-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

-->

===>*_REFLECTIONS ABOUT THE NUMBERS (popular etymology and more)_*

-->

=>*_Introduction_*

-->Here it goes about /_different ideas_/, that are hidden behind each digit, its graphical representation, the meaning of its name in one or another (or a third) language, about some special bigger or very big numbers, about some bordering, if I can call them so, numbers (like Russian 4, till which the numbers are in singular but later on they are in plural; or French 16, till which firstly goes the second number and then the first, as also in many languages with 11 and 12, but later is on the contrary), as well also about the very name of the digit in various languages. The questions are obviously complicated, and lost in the darkness of centuries, as it is accepted to say, but the very ideas are not difficult, because they were invented and used by the common people, only that these layers in out minds have now entirely disappeared.

-->To all of the things explained here I have come /_alone_/ (what means that on some of them might be argued, yet, as you will see, I am sufficiently convincing with my /_cumulative_/ proofs, so that I don't advise anybody to begin to argue with me), but this was possible for me because of my mathematical education, where for the common readers, I'm afraid, the guesses will be very hard and downright impossible (in any case, I have tried with some school students, as persons with /_more awakened_/ and non-rigid model of thinking than the adults, and they have guessed about almost nothing). And the theme is interesting practically for /_everyone_/, because there is nothing really scientifically, this is reflection of ordinary human thinking and views to the world. Every symbol means something, but in most cases this is a matter of insinuation, that it /_must_/ mean something -- take for example the national coats of arms or banners --, like the letters, for example, which are many and have come though so many variations and rotations, and writing from left to right, or from bottom to top, and so on, that it is now hard to guess something simple and clear about them (for instance, the letter "A" was a bovine eye, but do you find it like it?; and if it is similar then why of a bovine?; etc.).

-->The letters carry some ideas, and in some cases, and on some places, I cite some of them, but with the digits it is easier, they are only 10, where the 0 and the 1 have obvious ideas (although here, too, something can be added), for the numbers 2, 4, and 7 the ideas are easy (for the 2 there is even something written in some children's primary books, but without explanations why), the 8 is a bit more difficult, but the ideas hidden behind the 3, 5, 9, and especially 6, are in such extent concealed -- though very interesting, at least for me it was quite interesting to detect them -- so that hardly one out of a hundred persons (maybe even one out of a thousand is nearer to the truth) would have guessed about them. I have explained this in two other places (in one multi-lingual dictionary with about 12 thousand chiefly roots of words; as well also in one big book in English) but these works are pretty large and are also not published officially. For this reason I decided to explain popularly what I can on some 20 pages here.

-->Because the digits, as I said, are part of our everyday life, and it is not bad to know how the ancient people -- the Arabs, but they have only /_carried_/ them from Ancient India, so that the digits are from the Sanskrit -- have looked at them, this is simply interesting and mysterious (and this reasonably mysterious, not indoctrinated mysteries like the zodiacs, for example, where something reasonable /_exists_/, but this, surely, are /_not_/ the stars -- though let us not be distracted by this here). So that I advise you to scratch a bit you head (or what other place you are accustomed to scratch when thinking intensively) and see to what you can come alone. Let us add to the these digits also the big ones, the thousands, millions, and some smaller, 40, 16, 4, as well also 12 (i.e. why the months, and the apostles, too, must have been exactly 12 -- at least this is very easy). And begin to think but /_stop to read_/ further! After a /_month_/ or two you return to this material, in order to check yourselves. And in order not to be pretty easy for you to look ahead I will begin first with the word about the very number.

-->

=>*_The number_*

-->Well, this word has several variations, at least Slavonic and Western. As a Slav I think to begin with the Slavonic number (or because I am translating this paper from Bulgarian, what is also important reason), but let me first clarify some things, namely: normal citation of foreign words I will give in double quotes ("so"), especially if this is on the language of narration (here the English), but when the words are from foreign languages I will almost always miss them and will be content to apply only Italic font, although it can be used also for emphasizing (yet I hope you are intelligent enough to make the difference), and if there will be used Greek letters then surely without quotes (it is clear that the word is foreign); the single quotes I will use to mark how the word is to be read (in the nearest to the language of narration way) and will usually miss the Italic if the word is given in such quotes, but also very often 'this' quotes will be used when I am citing words in different from the Latin (usually in Cyrillic) alphabet (and then I normally will put Italic font to stress that the word is foreign); and the bold font is for underlining, something like subtitle.

-->Now about the reading, because there is no universal standard, the way out is to use some language with simple phonetics, like Italian (or rather Latin, and maximally simplified, say /_-ti_/ will be read as 'ti'), or Bulgarian, but we have another alphabet, so that it is not suitable to be applied here; there is also one newest method that I have invented (in "Myrski's English Transliteration) but I will abstain from it here (because this paper was written earlier). Hence, if there are several adjacent vowels they must be read /_somehow_/ so, with only this addition on new /_basic_/ letters: "j" is the so called soft sign in Russian and means softening of the previous consonant (like in the Spanish canyon-'kanjon'), and the "aº" is this vowel like in your "girl"; it is supposed that "sh", "ch", and "zh" are obvious, "c" is like in Caesar (but in order to avoid any doubts this sound will be given as 'tz'), "j" is "yot" /"jot" what in English is usually given with "y" (or just "i", but there's a difference, the 'j' is not full vowel), your "w" remains for the moment, maybe something else (I am not very precise here in order not to bore you), and French nasal words will be marked with "~". And by "somehow so" I mean that, say, your "year" will be 'iaºr', "where" will be 'weaºr', etc., but the second vowel can have meaning of /_modifier_/, like also in Russian 'maºi' what is "we", or their 'aºokno' what is "window', or your "but"-'baºot'. Well, and because there will be met many times names of various languages, I will shorten them to 3 (sometimes even to 2) letters, about which meaning you will be quite able to make the right guess; also lang. will mean "language". If there will be something else I will explain it on the very place.

-->So, and the Sl. number, which is '/_chislo_/', has to be simply something pure ('chist' in Bul. or 'chistaºij' in Rus.), and here is our 'chet`a'-to-read (what we use not only for letters bur also for numbers, what is not correct); this is so also from mathematical point of view because the number, really, is some abstraction, numbers as such can't walk on the streets, figuratively speaking. And in order not to think that this root is only Sl. (and I am teaching you here something useless), let me tell you that here is also Eng. "gist" like (quint-) essence, Fr. /_geste_/ ('zhest') as gesture (in the Lat. /_gestio_/ means to make something, to launch), or Ger. /_Gestalt_/ ('geshtalt'), what means kernel, image, essence, or also Tur. 'dzhaskam' as to hit, shove, push, or if you want also the Ar. ... /_jin_/ /gin (or /_cin_/ in Tur. but read again 'dzhin') as spirit, and others, what is to say that the '/_chislo_/' is something squeezed, compressed, or abstracted.

-->The Western number, for its part, i.e. Lat. /_numerus_/, or Ger. /_Nummer_/, could be said that is something like Rus. 'nu' (or Eng. "now", or Ger. /_na_/, etc., particle for attracting of attention) + Ger. /_mehr_/ (or your more, what ultimately is related with the /_mare_/-sea as something big), i.e. "something more"; or at least I think so, because this is how the numbers are built, with adding of one more. Well, specially one number in Eng. is digit, what is directly taken from Lat. /_digitus_/, only that it means a finger or fingernail, but this surely tells us that people have counted on fingers (or that the digits are as many as our fingers are, ten).

-->But if we make difference between one number as digit and many numbers, then in Rus. etc.(Sl.) a digit is '/_tzifra'_/, what is old Heb. word, /_cefir_/, and Ar. /_chifr_/, and from there also Fr. /_chiffre_/, Ger., etc., what is the cipher, something twisted, hidden, again some essence of the real things; and, when it begins with 'sh' or 's' then it can easily become 'tz' like in the Sl. langs; and here turns to be also Eng. "zero", maybe as the first "ciphered" thing. Let us, though, not go into many details because the very numbers are quite more interesting.

-->

=>*_The zero and the one_*

-->The zero, obviously, is the "feminine" number, the "hole", naught, nothing, and for a long time if was not counted for number, because it /_is not_/ natural number (and one number is natural, as I like to explain popularly to the school children, if it can ... run, otherwise it simply does not exist in the nature, i.e. the 0, the negative numbers, and the fractions of any kind, are not natural numbers), and in old Gr. was absent their contemporary word "noyla" (read 'nula' because the Greeks -- can you imagine this? -- just have not a letter 'u' and are forced to combine 2 letters). This zero comes from the Skr. (for Sanskrit), where it is /_nullah_/, but the point is that this does not mean there zero, it means a valley, lowland, and then I think that here has to be added one ... river. Did you guess which? Well, as far as the /_nulirane_/ in Bul. /Sl. (zeroing) often becomes /_nihilirane_/ (/_nihilus_/ in Lat.) or an- /nihilate in Eng., then we come to the root 'nil-', or to the river Nile. ( By the way, only the syllable 'ni-' in the Skr. means something low, lowland, valley, because is said -- for the author does not know Skr. -- that /_nivar_/ meant lowland -- where from must come Bul. '/_niva'_/, what is a field (sown with something) --, and /_udvar_/ meant height, hill, something cocked up, like, hmm, like the cited in Rus., out of decency, hoping the people there will not understand an once that this is some cynical word -- as it also happens -- Ar. '/_ud'_/, what in Bul. and Rus. is written with 3 letters, but in Eng. with 4, and means something utterly masculine, or said relatively decently, a cock. Well, when I translated this in Eng. I saw that in Ar. is given some /_oud_/ or /_ud_/ as stringed musical instrument, and the Sl. /_ud_/ is old Sl. but both things have to be related to the Skr. /_ud_/, in my opinion. ) And to the zero being the Heb. /_cefir_/, this really has to be so because in Tur. /_sifir_/ means also zero, although this is a bit strange for this is the most insignificant digit, but when it is the first one, then this has to be so.

-->The one in Rus. is '/_odin_/' (or '/_edin_/' in Bul.) and it has to be the same also on the West, though this is not clear to everyone. This is in the sense that here is also Eng. "one", Ger. /_eins_/, old Frisian /_an_/, /_en_/, Hol. (for Holland or Dutch or Netherlands) /_een_/, and so on, and old Greek "oios" (but now is "ena"), and Avs. (this is from the sacred books of old Persians, called /_Avestas_/, i.e. nearly old Per.) /_aeva_/, and Skr. /_ekas_/. Though, if you think what we will run away from the "cock" you are wrong, because even in Ger. the prefix /_ein-_/ (read 'ajn' -- yet not 'adzhn' of course) is the same as Eng. (and Lat., too) in-, what means into, to enter somewhere (in the "zero', to be sure). And in addition to this, why must Sl. /_odin_/ has this letter 'd', which is in the 'ud' (for there is no such letter in /_uno_/, /_eins_/, "ena", ekas, etc.)? Obviously because 'odin' is the masculine digit, and to confirm this let us mention also one well known on the West ... god, the Scandinavian /_Odhen_/ or /_Woden_/ (which in Rus. is given again as /_Oden_/), and somewhere in the etymological dictionaries is said that I.-E. (for Indo-European langs) root /_wodh_/- meant to burn, or to inflame, excite, cause erection.

-->Although the letter 'd', or the root 'od-', is also massively met on the West, for example in Ger. /_O:de_/ (a desert, bare land), Eng. "odd" (as not even but the idea is that of the number 1, i.e. when you begin to count them by 2, first and second, then one number will remain alone, without brethren), or Heb. /_od_/ (what means 7, and to which we shall come later, but 7 also is odd number), and here -- for the Slavs this should have been now obvious -- is the Sl. '/_ad'_/ what is a hell (and it has to be somehow related with our '/_jad'_/ what is an ire, rage, and it eats us -- /_jade_/ in Bul. -- and makes us alone, like in the desert, what contacts also with /_Rus. jad_/ what is a poison)! This Sl. /_ad_/-inferno is old Gr. "Ad`es" (Hades), but there is also one god of death, '/_Aid'_/ in Rus., who was son of Cronos and Rhea and ruled in subterranean kingdom, i.e. in the /_ad_/ (so that the /_jad_/ as rage or as poison can also not be accidental here, no matter that the /_jad_/-rage is related with the /_jadene_/-eating). We may add here also Rus. '/_odnako'_/ (but) as some objection, single exception, here most probably is the known ... poetic "ode", too, as something for singular or exceptional personalities, and (in my opinion) also the ... /_jod_/ //_iode_/ /iodine, because it burns us like in the hell, and other things.

-->But together with 'od-' / 'on-' there is one more Western root for the 1 and this is 'mono-', where is Fr. /_monde_/ (world, earth), Ger. /_Mond_/ (this time the moon), Ger. /_Monat_/-month, Gr. "monahos" (monk, surely, i.e. lonely person), even your monarchy as well as the monarch (what is Lat.). And if you ask yourself what is the common thing between the Earth and the Moon (Fr. and Ger. "mond"), then this is that both things are something tight, single, and from here is the idea of monism in the philosophy. ( On this place, if you allow me -- and if you do not allow me this then jump everything till the end of the paragraph --, I would like to squeeze a remark about this, why ... are given as presents only /_odd number of flowers to living persons_/, and, resp., for the dead only even number. This comes from the meaning of "perfect" as finished, in some way even, there is nothing left or sticking out when one has died, and while the person is still alive he changes all the time, he is not perfect, like also the imperfect times. Yet in the Sl. langs this sounds better because in Bul. we have the word '/_svaºrshen'_/ as finished, and also '/_s_/aº/_vaºrshen_/' exactly as perfect; similarly also in Rus. Now people don't take the numbers so seriously and may think that these are silly things, but the ancient people, in old Greece and not only, have even deified the numbers, especially the Pythagoreans, and the first difference between them is whether they are even or not. )

-->

=>*_The two_*

-->The two, which in Bul. is '/_dve'_/, in Rus. '/_dvoe'_/ etc., can mutate a lot, changing to 'tv-' (in Eng. "two") or 'tzv-' (in Ger. /_zwei_/, 'tzvaj'; where some old Frisian "/_twa_/" can explain this Eng.-Ger. mutation), or in Lat. /_duo_/, or in old Gr. "dyo" ('dio'), or in old Heb. /_bina_/, and in the Skr. it was /_dwan_/. This, that here are all binary things, like It. /_bicicletta_/ or Eng. "bicycle" and so on -- ah, also the "bio"-things ("bio" in Gr.), because everything living /_divides_/, and prior to this it copulates or makes couples --, is clear, but before we proceed to some religious aspects (and also to the picture of the digit) let us explain what does here the Sl. ... door, which in Rus. is '/_dverj'_/, or also Bul. court, which is '/_dvor'_/, what seems puzzling. But it just can't be otherwise (although I personally have not guessed about this before the etymologists have told it to me). Ah, the point is that the court /_divides the space_/ in two parts, our and foreign (and for that reason it is surrounded with fence), and the same does the door (in Bul. it is '/_vrata'_/ and tells us that it rotates, '/_vaºrtja'_/, but it also divides, it has two sides).

-->The religious aspects must be clear, this is the god-two or pair, because it is /_Deos_/ in Lat. (resp. /_dea_/ is a goddess) and "Theos" //_Theos_/ in old Gr., and this is so in accordance with Bul. saying that "he who knows 2, knows 200", i.e. when one exceeds the one, himself, then he comprises everything! And the graphical image of the two is, as it is given in some primers, the /_swan's neck_/! It is so, but nobody explains to the children (neither later, to the grown ups) why this is so, why the swan is the two. This surely is not because it is a nice bird, but because it is ... simply a bird! In the sense that since the swan is nice bird we say that this is its neck, and it is sufficiently characteristic for to symbolize the digit, but behind this beauty hides any bird, and behind every bird, say, behind the hen, which is '/_koko_/shka' in Bul., is hidden, hmm -- what is hidden, in your opinion? Ah, there are hidden two things (which in the end reduce to one thing), it is hidden the syllable "ko", respectively /_co_/ in Lat., and from it comes Sl. "co" -- because in Cyrillic (Cyr. for short) the letter 's' is written exactly like the Lat. "c" --, what means "with", or very often just the Cyr. "c" means this, but together with this also the ... act of copulation, obviously! Well, at least for me it was quite obvious (after the swan's neck), and phonetically this fits well with the "co-co" of the hen, so that it remained only to explain /_why_/ the ancient people have taken for such representative example the hen, not the pig, say, or the sheep, the bull, the dog, if you want, and so on?

-->Well, shortly, because the hens are under our noses. Id est hens were in every courtyard, while cows were far away from everywhere, and they are grazing during the day, the sheep for a whole season are outside, the pigs, in fact, stay in their pigsty, but all those animals, hmm, they copulate significantly less than the birds. So that thousands of words, even in one and the same lang., have started from these animals, like, for example: copulation, correlation, cooperation, coalition, Rus. /_kolkhoz_/ (if you want), i.e. collective, congress, conspiracy, constellation (and, resp. in Rus. '/_sozvezdie'_/ where star is '/_zvezda'_/), also the ... constipation (some tightening of the bowels), and what not else, plus Rus.: '/_sojuz'_/-union, '/_skleivanie'_/-gluing-together, '/_svjazaºivanie'_/-tying, and so on. And as to words for the hen and related with her things these are, say, Rus. '/_kura'_/-hen, which goes in parallel with Ger. /_Hure_/, what is /_not_/ a hen, it is a prostitute, then Fr, /_coquette_/ ('koket', i.e. like a hen, because coq-'kok' is a cock), then Ger. /_Vogel_/ (a bird -- for the reason that it flies like a '/_foga'_/ as we say, I'll tell you, what means very fast, and the word surely is twin with your "fog"), but then /_vo:geln_/ is already to copulate, to "screw", and then it is necessary to mention also Bul. jargon '/_kopele'_/ what is translated as "son of a bitch" and is the direct result of copulation. In the purest form, however, this root is presented in Sp. where /_conjo_/ ('konjo') is exactly vagina (and because of this those people have the hard curse "el conjo le tu madre").

-->

=>*_The three_*

-->By the number three the idea about its graphical image (to which I came at once, but till now have not met someone who has succeeded to find it) is simply a ... woman's breasts! Now, this is not cumulative proof, for it is only one and it isn't a proof at all, but in such cases I draw my strongest trump card and say: "But what else can it be, ah?". And really, what else can relate two semicircles if not two bursting female "peaches" (like the Arabs have the habit to say)? And the breasts of a woman, obviously speak already about a child (because the men can "use" them sometimes, but this is not their direct purpose). So, and what concerns the names of this digit, then in them always is present some friction, like in the triangle (which may be love one, but may also not be such), where Bul. /Sl. '/_tri'_/ //_'troe'_/ becomes /_drei_/ by the Germans, /_tria /tre /tres_/ in the Lat. langs, "tre" in Gr., and /_trdyas_/ in the Skr.

-->Hear are a heap of word, like the: triumph (/_thriumpus_/ in Lat.), tribune, Christian Trinity, triangle, triviality (only three things, not much work, used initially for the 3 compulsory learning subjects: grammar, dialectic, and rhetoric), but also the ... tree in Eng. (which is not exactly old Gr. /_dendro_/ but is a '/_derevo'_/ / '/_daºrvo'_/ in Rus. / Bul.), and the curious thing is that in the same Rus. / Bul. '/_trava'_/ / '/_treva'_/ means /_not_/ this but only ... grass (yet it has to here, too, there is no other possibility, right?), and the grass usually begins to grow with three leaves, if you have marked this, i.e. it has not pairs of opposed leaves. The '/_treva'_/-grass is not at all accidental here, and there is also Eng. "thrive" (throve, thriven), as to grow, prosper, i.e. something like to triumph, and in Ger. this becomes /_treiben_/ ('trajben') what is to move, spur, incite (where from /_Treib_/ means instinct or drive, most often sexual, i.e. some driving force; this is derived from some Teutonic, Teu. further, /_dreiban_/ as to sow, initiate). Somewhere here is also the rubbing of hands ('/_trija'_/ in Bul.; in the Eng. may be mentioned the "try" as effort to push something), Ger. /_treten_/ as entering (like your "trot"), their /_treffen_/ as to meet, It. /_trovare_/ (also to meet -- just as one '/_tropa'_/-/_trotts_/-stamps on the "dromos"-path, I'll tell you, and '/_tropam'_/ is in Bul.), old Gr. "triboo" (read then as 'tri/_b_/o'), what means to rub, ruin; we can add also the known Fr. /_travail_/ ('travaj', to work), what is as if spitting image of Eng. "travel" no matter that it means something else, and surely others.

-->Generally speaking the three is very important number, the most stable body in the plane (which is defined by 3 points), and it is used in many other places. For example, I strongly suppose (but can't prove this) that the meaning of number three is the reason to be 3 Eng. feet in their yard, and not, say, 5 or 10; in addition also one Eng. mile is about 5/3 of a kilometer (1,609 m), although here the things are a bit more twisted, i.e. (I suppose) that when one goes on foot one makes for 1 hour usually 5 km, and if this distance must consist of /_some_/ 3 parts, then they have to be by 5/3 of it.

-->

=>*_The four_*

-->The graphical image here is trivial, this is a square, eventually with a handle, in order to carry it raised. Phonetically, though, there is significant difference between Western and Sl. views on the matter (in sounding), because in Eng. it is "four", what is Ger. /_vier_/, and it as if has nothing in common with Sl. '/_chetiri'_/ (in Bul., in Rus. is '/_chetaºire'_/), but also with Lat. /_quattro_/ (in fact in It.), what is the square. Only that in old Heb. this number was /_gevura_/, and it signified strength, courage (the hardness of diamond, which is pictured as rhomb). Yet here I recall myself Tur. ... /_gevrek_/ (known also in Bulgaria) what is a circular bun in form of a torus, i.e. something twisted, curved, and to the /_gevrek_/, obviously stays also the '/_cheverme'_/ (in Tur. /_cheverme_/, what is something that not only is roasted on fire (on a grill) but is also /_rotated_/ (because /_chevre_/, 'chevre', in Tur. means circle -- and then maybe this is the hidden meaning of Bul. archaic '/_chevraºst'_/ as agile, quick, moves to everywhere, like a top-toy)! For the moment let us not digress to this how (and why) the square can sometimes become circle (and vice versa), and continue with similarly sounding words, like Bul. ... '/_chervej'_/, what is a worm and we maybe think that it is red ('cherven'), yet /_not_/ this is the point here, but that it curves or rotates (well, also twists and writhes, but this is something similar for the common person), which word has to be here due to the fact that in Rus. it is '/_chervj'_/ or '/_chervjak'_/ where the latter is the known in mechanics worm-gear, which spins like a worm and rotates the cogwheel in perpendicular direction.

-->Well, but when we begin to rotate then arise new words and ideas, because here is Lat. /_roto_/ (to rotate, and from here comes Bul. '/_rota'_/ as military company, for the reason that they are three and rotate by 8 hours during the day), then Ger. /_werken_/ (which has given also Eng. to "work" and means the same, yet also Bul. ... '/_otrertka'_/ as screwdriver, as well as the jargon '/_chovaºrkam'_/ meaning to do something insignificant, to repair -- nearly the same as the '/_cheverme'_/), then (or before, don't formalize about the time, I'm moving in it, I am such person) in old Gr. the 4 is "tessera", and in Skr. is /_catvaras_/, what can lead us to 'katr', what is Fr. (/_quatre_/), but also /_vier_/ /four now comes nearer to the old Heb. /_gevura_/, where our Sl. '/_chetiri'_/ can be derived directly from /_catvaras_/ (i.e. the Russians sometimes take their words directly from the ancient Hindus, without being forced to go to the Latins). Well, but from "gever-" we can reach also to "kver-", and to "skver-", too, what is Rus. '/_skver'_/ (small garden), which is supposed to be square.

-->And here is the moment to explain you why the Russians take the numbers up to 4 for small (for they say "2, 3, 4 /_chelovek_/a" -- in singular), while from 5 and above they become at once big ("5, 6, etc. /_chelovek_/" -- in plural). Now, you have to look mathematically at the things, like in counting on ... /_fingers_/, of course, for the reason that when one counts he curls the fingers (beginning from the last one) and when he reaches 4 he has only the thumb left and he decides that this finger, as well also anything bigger than 4, will mean "much"! This is the idea, though the Russians will /_never_/ explain it to you, because they have forgotten these rudimentary things, which earlier were /_inculcated_/ in their heads, and today they say "2, 3, 4, /_goda_/" for years, and after this at once "5 /_let_/" for the same word "years", so that it turns that the '/_godini'_/ (this is in Bul.), although are synonymous with the '/_let'_/-s, are as if smaller than the latter (which, in my opinion, though not only mine, simply /_fly_/, because this verb in Bul. is '/_letja'_/ -- well, it might be that I imagine things, and here maybe the summer comes in play, which in its turn involves Lat. ... /_laetus_/ as fat, well-fed, pure, etc., but let us not go in deeper details here). More than this, the relation of 5, or this what is after 4, with the "many" can be found also in Ger., where the number 4 is /_vieR_/, and "many" is v/_ieL_/ (what is built not in the usual way, because in comparative it becomes /_mehr_/ and then /_meisten_/, so that I hardly imagine wrong things).

-->But let us continue with the 4, which, as we have remarked, in result of the twisting can sometimes look like circle (like '/_gevrek'_/, which, by the way, in Rus. is '/_bublik'_/, something swollen, like the Eng. bubble-gum). Well, the task for finding of the quadrature of the circle has tormented the minds from deep antiquity, but this can never happen for the reason that in the circle enters one unit that /_can't be measured_/ with the digits and their parts, the number "pi", which is such "beast" that with whatever measuring stick you try to measure it, it can't be measured exactly even with fractional parts (as much as we fracture then, even to the infinity -- this is something that both, children and adults, know, but don't understand, do not /_feel_/ it). But the twisting remains, and because of this here are, for example, the following words: Tur. and Per. ... 'gjaur' /'gjavur' (/_ga/\vur_/), what is unbeliever, one who has gone "awry" from the proper faith, then Bul. ... '/_gavrja se_/' (to hurt, abuse, in a way, like a 'gjavur', but which is also Western word because here is Fr. /_gouverner_/-governor and Lat. /_guberno_/ (to rule, govern), respectively the governesses (who, as it turns, often '/_se gavrjat_/'-abuse the naughty children, ah?). As far as all this is derived from old Gr. "kybernaoo" (to rule, govern), then here has to be also the ... cybernetics, which begins with 'si-', and the cyborgs, and even the ... /_shiffres-_/ciphers (in old Fr.), because they are also twisted, aren't they?

-->Generally said, the 4 can have /_two opposed aspects_/ (what is wholly dialectical view), of something very good, square, double, diamond, or then of something very bad, twisted, made to a square (you see, now it turns that the circle is very nice thing, while the square is simply angular). We can add more "square" words like: Bul. '/_gabaºrche'_/ (a tack, and it can't be from the tree '/_gabaºr'_/ what is hornbeam, which, surely, is pretty twisted, something similar says us also the Eng. name), Bul. obsolete word '/_guberka'_/ (big needle), maybe also ... angel Gabhriel in Lat. ('/_Gavrail'_/ in Bul., who probably '/_se gavri_/'-abuses somehow, i.e. governs), and then maybe also our Sl. ... '/_govor'_/ (speech, talking, and this is in Bul., in Czech will be /_hovor_/, and in Pol. /_gwar_/), because the speech is a kind of command (as also Gabhriel, he might have been quite garrulous "man", or then uncompromising, who knows?). This, surely, is guttural sound, but it is very ancient, and in the Skr. /_gavate_/ meant to sound (somewhere nearby is the known /_guru_/) and this does not preclude that there was also some twisting or rotating (i.e. rotating of the tongue in the throat).

-->And that around this fuzzy root there are many words in the world (with their own ideas) has to be clear. For example, there are old Gr. /_tetrarchs_/ ("tetrarhos"), who were great rulers (either of 1/4 of some lands, or of the four /_directions_/ of the compass, I suppose), then comes old Gr. (and Bul.) ... "tetrada" ('/_tetradka'_/) as notebook, because it is only one folded in four piece of paper, then is the /_tetrahedron_/ (in Lat., or "tetraedron" in Gr., i.e. something with 4 sides, "/_edri_/"-s in Gr.), the tetragon or quadrangle, the ... cathedra (maybe), because it is quadrangular and raised up, Bul. '/_edaºr'_/ meaning big, surely (this isn't Sl. word, it is absent in the Rus.), as somebody with many (understand big) sides-"/_edri_/"-s. But there is also something else, there are "kaisers" (/_Keiser_/ in Ger.) or '/_kesarj'_/-s in old Sl., what is Lat. Caesar ('tzezar'), obviously, and he might have been taken exactly for equivalent of old Gr. /_tetrarchs_/. There are also Lat. "teselations", something like "teslations", maybe, where the Tur. (also Bul.) /_tesla_/, meaning this useful axe-like tool called in Eng. adz, comes in play, the adze is used for cutting of pieces, so that the tessellation, what means covering (or dividing) of some area with equal figures, most often squares (though they might be also hexagons, and others; for triangles is used the word triangulation). And here, naturally, is also Sl. etc. '/_kvartira'_/-quarters, the quadrangle in which we live, various square-/_carres_/ (which can be also pieces of meat), the known old Eng. title esquire (which, in fact, is Fr., and will say simply one who owns some piece of land, which is supposed to be quadrangle), the squadron //_escuadron_/, the It. /_squadra_/ (which is squadron and some other things, but also football team), and other words. But in order not to think that I have forgotten about the bad, twisted "squares", let me tell you also that there is old Sl. word '/_skverna'_/, which is very similar to their 'skver'-garden, but means bad stain, shame, disgrace.

-->

=>*_The five_*

-->The image of five, I am sure, you have not succeeded to guess (you might think that have, but surely haven't), yet it is very simple. This is ... a /_pendulum_/ in Lat. ('/_mahalo'_/ in Bul., or '/_majatnik'_/ in Rus.), where /_pendeo_/ is to sway, dangle! As some combination of '/_mahalo'_/ and "pendalo" in Bulgaria is heard the word 'mandalo', but this mixing of roots have to come from quite ancient times because this is the Skr. '/_mandala'_/ (sacred circle). Be it as it may: why the five sways, ah? Have you guessed it? Well, until you "switch on" I will give you some other words, like: Eng. "depend" (and you rightly say "on", for it is hanged on something, where in Sl. it is "from" what isn't very correct), Bul. jargon '/_pajantov'_/ as ramshackle or unstable, also Bul. '/_panta'_/ as door hinge (because it hangs on it), Tur. (and archaic Bul.) '/_pendari'_/ as golden coins, yet not any such coins but only the /_swinging_/ ones, those that are strung on a cord and are pending (or rather /_pendeo_/ in Lat. meaning of the verb) on the bosoms of young brides (together with this on what they lean), the very number five in old Gr. which is "pente", and from here also Bul. '/_pet'_/ or Rus. '/_pjatj'_/ as five, until we come to the Skr. where this number was /_panjca_/ (read 'pancha'). So till the moment it became clear where from is Sl. five, but Ger. /_fu:nf_/ ('fjunf') or Eng. five are not from there, though in old Heb. it was /_tiferet_/ and meant beauty or abundance, where is heard some 'fit- /fet-'.

-->Good, let us tell now why the five sways, because there are also other ideas and we must not become confused without necessity. But this is the idea of the /_wrist of the_/ human /_hand_/, with its five fingers, that simply sways easy, right? And that is why it is perfect and abundant (in old Heb.) Yet here arises some mixing of 4 and 5, maybe as adjacent digits, which is quite old, because in old Gr., as we said, 4 is "tessera", what is pretty similar with old Heb. /_tiferet_/ (5), and what may be the reason for the mentioned Ger. relation /_vier_/ - /_viel_/, and, in general, for the names of these two digits in various Western langs (e.g., in Ger. /_vier_/ - /_fu:nf_/, in Eng. "four" - "five", in It. specially fourth and fifth are /_quarto_/ and /_quinto_/, what must not be accidental). And the five, when it is beautiful and flexible like our hand, is symbol of strength and security, because the pentagram lies in the basis of ... Pentagon, to be sure, and of the five-rayed star (as much as it is not liked now by many people), because /_all_/ stars are pictured usually with five rays (if we don't count the Heb. Star of David, built from two interwoven triangles).

-->So that the five is the wrist of the hand, but also the span of the hand, or the sole of the foot, and from here are all "pedies"-children (as well also those who like children but not just so -- i.e. the pederasts, what is well known word in many langs, yet in the Eng. people prefer to say homosexual men), but the curious thing (even for me) was that the ... heel of the foot must also be here, which in Rus. is '/_pjatka'_/ and in Bul. '/_peta'_/ (i.e. the relation '/_pjatj_/ - /_pjatka'_/ or '/_pet_/ - /_peta'_/ simply cannot be accidental). Well, the heel surely is part of the "span of the foot", it is stamped on the earth by walking, but in it for the first time is seen the /_curvature_/ in the picture of five, because the wrist is just torn, like a rag (what also is not accidental, for in Ger. the rag is /_Lappen_/, and the foot-sole is /_Fusslappen_/, where /_Fuss_/ is foot). ( Here emerges also the ... petal, or Lat. /_petalum_/ which is old Gr. "petalon", but it will be too much for you to digress now also in this direction. )

-->And one more small addition: many digits are written stylized with as many strokes, as there signifies the very digit; it is so with: 1, 4, 5, 6, and 8. And, because many school children confuse 2 with 5 as /_fractions_/, let us explain this, too, it is so because 1/2 = 0.5, and 1/5 = 0.2, so that it turns as if the 2 and the 5 are mirrored images (if you put the mirror below the 2); this is consequence of arithmetic, but it has also found its reflection in the pictures of these two digits.

-->

=>*_The six ..._*

-->Here, naturally, is the place for the six, but because it is so important and interesting we will ... /_jump over it_/ at the moment. In order to give you more time to think about it. Well, let me give you one important hint: what is the relation between six and ... sex?

-->

=>*_The seven and the eight_*

-->We discuss them together because there is not much to be said about each of these digits, but also because in some cases they are related. First the simplest moment, the image of 7 is, of course, ... a banner, on a long handle, which undulates (with the "iron" argument that: "And how else?)! Ah, but have you guessed why? Well, a Hebrew thing, in two words. God has created the world for 6 days and rested at the 7th, but this is 1/4 of a lunar month, so that there are reasons for its usage, and this is also prime number (and the ancient people have paid much attention to such numbers, although it can happen that in them are hidden ... secrets of the creation, more precisely in the distribution of big and /_enormous_/ prime numbers towards the infinity). So that in old Heb. the 7 was /_od_/, what is exactly your word for odd, but to me personally it sounds like ... "Oh (said "daddy God", I have finished at last -- and wiped the sweat from His forehead)" (yet let me remind you that we, the Bulgarians, bur also many other nations, read the "h", so that there is not big difference from 'oh' to 'od'). While the 8 in the same old Heb. was /_yesod_/ //_'jesod'_/, what now must be "yeah + od", but however we split it the 8 is subjugated to the 7, is formed with adding of something to the 7.

-->Now, it is true that this is a Hebrew thing, but it turns out that also all Slavs now already thousand of years think in the same way, because, really, in Bul. 8 is '/_osem'_/ and it is close to 7 what is '/_sedem'_/ (i.e. /_osem_/ = /_do_/-to + /_se(de)m_/), and in Rus. it is also so (/_vosemj_/-8 = /_vot_/-here + /_semj_/-7), what is not justified because the 8 is very good number (as we will see soon), while the 7, at least according to the West, is one ... well, rotten number! Is it so? Yeah, it not only is so, but the people there tie the 7 to the 6, not to the 8, because, for example, in Ger. we have /_sechs_/ ('zeks') - /_sieben_/ ('ziiben'), in Fr. /_six_/ - /_sept_/ -- and this is rotten due to the fact that it is /_septic_/ --, in Hol. is /_zes_/ - /_zeven_/, in It. is /_sei_/ - /_sette_/, and so on (and exactly this is cumulative proof, by the way, with many examples). This "septic" (attracting of all bacilli, cocci, and whatever may happen) by the 7 exists also in the ancient langs (without Heb.) where in old Gr. it was "epta" (and now maybe is "ephta"), and in Skr. was /_sapta_/.

-->While look at the 8, very twisted thing, twisted torus, what is so because it is the first cube (2^3), and its name on the West is simply an exclamation of astonishment and delight! Let us check this: in Ger. it is /_acht_/ ('aht', i.e. "ah", and as a verb /_achten_/ means "beware"), in Eng. it is "eight" what says 'ej', in Fr. is /_huit_/ ('jui', i.e. something like your "gee", in Bul. I would have said 'uhaa'), in It. is /_otto_/ (exactly the thing, so to say, /_ottimo_/ there means excellent), in Sw. is /_atta_/, and so on, and in old Gr. is "okto" (something like "oho", what has gone unchanged in the Lat.), in Skr. is /_ashtau_/ ('ashtau') and in Avs . /_ashta_/, what is directly ... /_astounding_/. So that, as there is a phrase, "to the court everything is clear".

-->

=>*_The nine_*

-->Yeah, but the 9 is /_not_/ reversed 6, as you most probably have decided, because there is no logic in this (from mathematical standpoint). No, it is not this, it is rather one ... "no"! But let us look around firstly on the West, where we have: Ger. /_neun_/ ('nojn'), your Eng. "nine", Sw. /_nio_/, Hol. /_negen_/, Fr. /_neuf_/ ('njof'), It. /_nove_/ (but 9th is /_nono_/), Sp. /_nueve_/ -- maybe enough "cumulating", ah? -- and in the old langs respectively "ennea" in old Gr., and in Skr. and Avs. /_nava_/. If you still have not grasped why the 9 means "no", then look that in some langs it means also something new. Does this help you? Well, if you are of those people that watch the ads then this surely will say nothing to you, but if you still can think a little, you are bound now, if you close your eyes, to see why the 9 is symbol of the new. Right? Because with it /_the digits finish_/, and we must begin again (in another decimal position, as it is by the meters). And for this reason the graphical image of 9 consists of ... /_two digits_/ -- the first two, the 0 and the 1, where the 0 is above, and the 1 is below. This is the whole philosophy here (i.e., we have begun with the 1 and have reached to the 0, as a 10).

-->And what is the situation in the Sl. langs? Well, /_again so_/, because, in this situation (but not otherwise -- without the above explanations one would have hardly guessed this), Bul. '/_devet'_/ or Rus '/_devjatj'_/ mean that the digits have ... gone somewhere ('/_djavam se_/' in Bul. //_'detjsja'_/ in Rus. is to disappear, to hide somewhere) -- the bloody digits, ah! Id est this time we are wondering, like the West wonders at the 8, only that we do this with the 9, because where is '/_devjatj'_/ there is also the '/_deva'_/-virgin or '/_diva'_/-beauty (this is Skr. /_Diva or Deva_/, meaning also a goddess), and our '/_divak'_/ (in Bul., a savage, yet also '/_diven'_/-marvelous creature, if you make this relation, that everything alive is marvelous and beautiful God's creation), and Rus. '/_devatj'_/ (to put, but the meaning is of wondering where to put is, to take it away from here), and so on.

-->

=>*_The ten_*

-->Well, the ten is not a digit, from point of view of mathematics, but can sometimes be counted for such (especially if we do not begin with the 0). Anyway, let us say something about it. Here also exists mixing of ideas, for in Eng. it is :ten", in Ger. /_zehn_/, in old Gr. "deka" (/_dieci_/ in It., /_decem_/ in Lat.), and here are the "deans" ('/_dekan'_/-s or '/_djakon'_/-s in Sl.) and the "decades" and the ... "doctors" or "docs", as well as the "docents" (for /_doceo_/ in Lat. is to teach). Then we may add here also the various "doctrines" (or "doxies") together with the ... "paradoxes" (this what is around and out of the "doxy"), and the orthodoxes (exactly according to the "doxy"-norm), which come from old Gr. "doksa" ('doksa', a thesis, account, name, reputation, etc. -- in the ancient langs one word often has quite different meanings, for the reason that the people have started from the hidden in it ideas, which can be found in different things, in this case this is the essence of the thing), as well also from Ger. /_decken_/ what means to cover. Look, in short this is the idea of the "cap"-hat, which, now as Gr. /_letter_/ ("kappa", /_kappa_/ in Lat.) is exactly /_the tenth_/, and it simply /_crowns_/ the things. Because of this here is Fr. /_chapeau_/ ('shapjo'), Eng. "cap" and "cape", and even "cup", Lat. /_capito_/, the Capitolium, the "captains", the "capitalism" (i.e. the capital is the main thing, not the human), and a heap of other words. And the ancient word was old Heb. /_keter_/ meaning crown or wreath, from which has left at least the first letter, though it meant 0 (i.e. this is some circle which is put on the heads of people, on which is worth to put some circles, in order to distinguish them from the others).

-->Now, the roots are pretty mixed, at least 'kapa-' and 'doks-' are entirely different things, more so /_zehn_/ or ten, but at least our Sl. '/_deset'_/ is the Lat. deci-, and the "cap" came here due to its tenth place in the order of letters. The Ger. /_zehn_/ is something pulled out (from their /_ziehen_/, i.e. climbed above, if we take the ten as last digit), or then, what seems more logical, is related with their counting, /_zahlen_/, to what we will come later again (though it is possible that it has something in common with their ... /_Zehe_/ as a toe, i.e. something wiry, strong), and from there also with the Eng. ten. ( I personally, however, don't exclude entirely the possibility that the old Teutons have made their /_zehn_/ taking the second /_syllable_/ of Lat. /_deci_/, for the simple reason that have thought that "de" is a kind of prefix. )

-->

=>*_Other special numbers_*

-->About the special position of the 4, eventually of the 5, we have already spoken. Then comes 12, what, quite obviously, is a very nice number because it divides by first four numbers (2, 3, and 4), and from here come the hours, apostles, minutes (they are divisible also by 5), and there existed some ancient systems of counting based on the number 60. There also the "dozen" ('/_dusina'_/ in Bul.) is something like a cap, from the root "doc-". /_Together_/ with 12 become special also 11 and 13, the first number because it is before 12, and the second -- after it. But here are other moments, too, because 11 is simply /_beautiful_/ number, it can give also ... /_1001_/, what likewise looks beautiful, and in addition is divisible -- this even mathematicians nowadays don't know, because have not thought about it -- by 7, 11, and 13 ! So that, when we take the two adjacent prime numbers around 12 (and such two adjacent primes are not many, they are the nearest possible, like 29 and 31, and this is interesting by itself), and when multiply them, and once more time multiply this by the previous prime number, we get 1001, what, if we take away the zeroes, gives exactly the middle number of those 3 primes, 11. This is part of the magic of numbers, in the old times, but also nowadays, it has filled the heads of the people. In addition to this 1001 is good number in the present days for the Hindus, because they don't like to sell (or buy) something for round amount of money (these are a kind of "dead" numbers, remind yourself the even number of flowers), and with 1 less there simply something of the number is missing, so for this reason they prefer to be 1001, 12001, and other similar variants. And when 12 is such beautiful number, then 13 can now be unpleasant, right, and for that reason the Russians (but surely also other nations) call it "devil's dozen".

-->Well, and 16, what for the Latins (at least in Fr. and It. this is so) is the limit till which we say first the second digit and then the first, while later it becomes on the contrary, is also remarkable because it is the first (if we don't count the trivial 1) fourth degree (of the 2). The Germans, though, change nothing in the reading of the digits even to ... /_99_/, and who does not know this will look at it as at something quite perverse. Well, this is so, but for the reason that the other nations don't do this (but the English until two centuries ago, in the time of Charles Dickens, have done this, say, they have said that somebody is on "6 and 50 years"), but otherwise there /_is_/ some /_reason_/ in this, for when we add the numbers we begin with the last digits and then come to the tens; this, what is not convenient, is that for all numbers bigger than 100 this is already not so, yet 100 is quite a big number, and for this reason the English say, for example, not 1984th year digit by digit, but "19 hundred and 84th", and the money they also count in this way.

-->In the Eng. there is one "score", what means literally a stroke, but with the numbers it means 20, archaic. So why is this so, how do you think? Well, this is obvious (how Sherlock Holmes would have said), this is because we have finished /_all_/ our fingers, including the toes (which are named also fingers in the Sl. langs), so that when there is nothing on which to count further we put a stroke somewhere and begin anew. The English have "gotten" this bad habit, surely, from the French, who even nowadays can't say, for example, 80, but say 4*20, or do not say 96 (even not "6 and 90"), but 4*20+/_6+10_/, yet when they reach 97, then they say 4*20+/_10+7_/. Here the points can not be in the special position only of 16, but of 6, too (to which we will come soon), but that's that. By 70, though, they decide that 60 is quite a good number (divisible by: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) and call it /_60_/ + 10 (/_soixante_/-/_dix_/). The number 60 is strongly attracting, and for this reason the degrees in the circle are 360, not 100, what would have been more correct, but here comes also the period of our rotation around the Sun, so that 1 degree is one day, and by one minute a day increases (or decreases) the length of the day in each of the directions (i.e. by 2 min). Yeah, such curious moments, which nowadays are pure rudiments.

-->

=>*_Big numbers_*

-->Well, here we can start with the 100, but firstly in the Western variants. Ger. /_hundert_/ speaks about some ... dog (/_Hund_/), what might have meant earlier something important, or big amount (in any case they, as also the Russians, have the saying: "This is where the dog is buried", in the sense of something important, the core of the things). And the Eng. thousand, which is from Ger. /_Tausend_/ (obviously), hides some hitting, crashing -- from the throwing of the money (eventually with the purse) on the table, I suppose --, though the etymologists give some old Teu. forms like: /_tusund_/, /_dusund_/, /_dhu:sundi_/, Sw. /_tusen_/, and others, and explain that this was combination of /_dhu:s_/ + /_hundi_/, meaning many hundreds, but, as you see, the "dogs"-hundreds are again here. And what concerns the hitting and thumping (/_dhu:s_/), this was some I.-E. root meaning inflating, swelling, and there was their thumb (/_Daumen_/ in Ger.), only that for me the thumping is more convincing than a possible inflation. Be it as it may, this is near to Rus. 1000, '/_taºisjacha'_/ (for where is '/_djus-'_/ there is also '/_taºis_/-'), and in addition the root '/_djus-'_/ is simply the 2, which leads us to the dozen, where we can add also Lat. /_duodenum_/ what is some special bowel, so that the point hardly is in the inflating.

-->And here we come to the '/_djijm'_/, which is Rus. (and Bul.), but means the same as Eng. "inch", and also the same as Ger. "/_tsol_/" (/_Zoll_/), so that let us clarify the things a little. Well, the '/_djijm'_/, in my view, is simply Sl. variant of pronouncement of the ... Eng. "thumb", where is necessary the following explanation: this is not the length of the last phalanx of the thumb, but the thumb looked athwart (which is normally broad about 2.5 cm), because in this way can be put thumb to thumb and to measure. And when you arrange in this way 12 "thumbs", this must give exactly 1 foot, i.e. /_sole_/ of the foot, and I personally measured it and by me it turned nearly so (11.5 thumbs, i.e. on the 12th the sole ends)! So that these relations are not at all arbitrary, they may be adjusted a little, but are quite close to the truth, for an average man (by the women the hands are finer).

-->The very inch (for me obviously) means that this is something that is put "/_in_/" something what we measure. And the /_Zoll_/ had come from Lat. /_telonium_/ (what is not at all obvious, but has to be so, for the reason that 't' can easily become 'tz' by the Germans, I'll tell you), what was from old Gr. "teloonia" and meant a tax or charge, but this is so because here the idea is of some dividing (compare with Ger. /_Teil_/, 'tajl', as part). So, but the more important thing is that from the /_Zoll_/ we can come directly to Ger. /_zahlen_/ (to count), or the variation /_za:hlen_/ (to pay, understand, paying the money), which was entirely Heb., namely /_tsoln_/, what meant to count. So that the /_Zoll_/ is a measuring stick, where the root is not only Lat., but first of all Heb., and from here quite easily can come the Ger. ten (/_zehn_/), and the very counting. ( Ah, there is something more here, by the thousand, here is a relation with the Rus. ... '/_tuman'_/, what is your fog, and this root is quite spread in the world, but the idea is for something that is very '/_gaºsto'_/ (in Bul., or '/_gustoj'_/ in Rus.), what is closely, very thick, because the ancient people believed that the darkness is something that conceals the light, but it is not the place here to indulge in such digressions. )

-->And the millions and milliards, more so the Am. variant billion, are something very ... -- but you surely will not guess this, ah? Well, the root 'mili-' is just something very nice, exactly '/_milo'_/ in Bul., what is related with the ... honey, which is '/_meli'_/ in old Gr., and there is something Ar. of that kind, and also in the Skr., because out of honey was made from quite ancient times the alcoholic beverage mead, and in Bul. (and other Sl. langs) '/_med'_/ is exactly bee honey (while the mead is '/_medovina'_/). Here I also have not the possibility to digress, but can add at least that in this heap are all ... military people, i.e. '/_mili hora_/' (in Bul., and '/_hora'_/ is people)!

-->Yeah, but we have almost forgotten about Bul. 1000, which is '/_hiljada'_/, and this neither is something '/_milo'_/-nice, nor is swollen like the thumb, so what can it be then? Surely nobody could have guessed, and such things are /_not_/ written in etymological dictionaries, because this word is typical Bul., not Sl., and in such case has to be something ancient that has come to us, either from Per., or from ... Mongolian, or from the Skr. But we can relate it easy with one Bul. jargon, ... '/_hilja se_/', what means to smile happily, or rather to giggle! Yet in order not to think that I am inventing something with the ancient langs then compare it with Lat. /_hilarious_/ (merry), or with Ger., rather Tyrolean '/_ailaripi'_/ (what isn't exactly a word, but then with their /_heil_/-'hajl', only without Hitler). And the idea about this giggling number -- well, it, naturally, giggles not the very number, but we, that see so many money at once (because the people, usually, think about money) -- gave me one Pakistani word, /_Naulakha_/, which meant 900,000, so that if the beginning is related with the 9 //_neun_/ /nine, then the "lahing" has to symbolize the 1000 (and in Ger. /_lachen_/-'lahen' is exactly to laugh, where the root is very ancient at least because ... the wife of /_Vishnu_/ was /_Lakshmi_/, and she was pretty hilarious "girl", and had many faces). So, and here can be added also Tur. (and Bul., too) /_laf_/, what are usually funny stories told at the table during the eating and drinking (what leads us to your Eng. laugh, of course).

-->And what about our Sl. 100, which is '/_sto'_/ (in Bul., or '/_sotnja'_/ in Rus.)? Now look, the etymologists derive it from old Gr. "ekaton" (where we can mention also Lat. ... /_hecatomb_/, hundreds of vaults-tombs), and include in this heap also the hundred, and Lat. /_centum_/, but this may be so only because we want it to be so, for the reason that it means the same, yet the ideas hidden behind the words are different. In the /_ekaton_/ there is some musical "tone", and " let us not make here guesses about what says to the Greeks the "eka"; in the /_centum_/ is hidden some ... tinkling, clanging, like by the cents, or like also by the weighing scales which are /_centenarium_/ in Lat., which was Gr. "kent`enarion" (and from there we can go to Bul. archaic '/_cantar'_/ as the same scales -- they are iron, they clang); and in the word '/_sto'_/, in my view, is hidden simply ... the exclamation "stop", i.e. enough (hundred hits with a rod, for example, ah?). For us '/_sto'_/-hundred is not a few, and similar idea, only that twisted enough around the 4, exist by the Russians, who call the ... /_centi_/pede exactly '/_sorokonozhka_/" (where '/_sorok'_/ is 40 and '/_nozhka'_/ is a small foot). If you so much want more ancient root then take the Skr. or Avs. /_satam_/, or some pre-Sl. '/_saºto'_/, what is the root of satiation.

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=>*_Again the six_*

-->To have guessed what should have been the relation between six and sex I don't believe, but let us first convince ourselves that this is so (cumulating the things from various langs). For example, in Lat. the /_number_/ is /_sexis_/, and the sex (which for many nations means the gender) is /_sexus_/, in Ger. the number is /_sechs_/, read 'zeks' (what is pure sex, because they read each first "s" as 'z'; the gender there is /_Geschlecht_/, 'geshleht', what means a "bad thing", /_schlecht_/ is "bad", because they are -- well, were, I mean -- moral people), and in old Gr. the number is "eksi" ('eksi', what, surely, sounds pretty sexy). But let be clear also on the point that the sex is identified with the sexual organ, and more precisely with the masculine one (because who has counted earlier the women for humans?) so that it turns that this body organ has to be tightly related with the 6. Now it becomes clearer, right? Because, if one decides to /_look_/ at one such "sex", more so if he is a man and looks at the /_river_/, he will see there that it is similar to the 6, i.e. it has its stick and its circle (well, two circles, but in profile they look like one). So that it turns out that from deep antiquity (some 3000 years is a good guess) the number 6 was compared and likened to the male penis.

-->But, of course, these are things with /_mathematical_/ idea in them, because the number six was considered as the perfect number (and that the penis is perfect creation must be clear to all women, and to the men, too), what means that it is equal, as to the sum, so also to the product of all of his simple divisors: 6 = 1*2*3 = 1+2+3. For the prime numbers is clear that there is no other such number because their sum is always with 1 more than the product (which is equal to the number), but for the compound numbers, too, it is intuitively clear that this must be so, because for 4 the sum is 5 and the product is 4, for 6 they are equal, and further more the sum is always less than the product (for 8 the sum is 1+2+2+2 = 7, and the number or the product are 8; for 9 the sum is 1+3+3 = 7; for 10 the sum is 1+2+5 = 8, end so on, where for, say, 100 the sum is 1+2+2+5+5 = 15, and so on). ( Well, this depends on the /_definition_/, and I give you the simplest, but in the "Elements" of Euclid was accepted that a perfect number is such for which the sum of /_all_/ its divisors is equal to the /_number_/ -- now not to the product --, and then, for example, 28 is also such number because 1+2+4+7+14 = 28, and there are also big such numbers like 496, for which 1+2+4+8+16+31+62+ 124+248 = 496 = 16*31, and so on, they are not limited. But even by this definition 6 is the smallest such number and it is only one digit. )

-->So that this idea was present in the heads of ancient Greeks and other nations before them, because also the Star of David is with 6 rays, and the die, i.e. the cube, has six sides (and in Bulgaria up to the present day is used six-point grading system in the education, where 6 is the highest grade), what again shows that /_not_/ the male penis looks like the number 6, but the image of number 6 was so designed in order to symbolize this perfect (maybe the most perfect, or at least most emotionally accepted) organic creation. But these ideas can, /_up to some extent_/, be found also in the Sl. langs, for the reason that in Rus. the 6 is '/_shestj'_/ (in Pol. is /_szeshch_/, 'sheshch', and was some Baltic /_sheshi_/), while the ... rod or the stick is '/_shest'_/ and: just say now that '/_shest_/j/_'_/ and '/_shest'_/, and this in one and the same lang., are not related! Besides, the very name '/_shest'_/ (so is the /_number_/ in Bul.) is not very different from "sex", or take It. /_sei_/, what, if we read it with 'sh" in the beginning, is quite like in Bul., and in the Skr. this number was /_shat_/ ('shat', what is practically the same sound that is heard when we brandish some stick) or also /_shashtish_/, what can't miss to ... "shashtisa" you (if you know Bul., where to '/_sashtisa'_/, surely of Tur. origin, means to astonish, stupefy), right!? Let us add also that in Tur. the number 6 according to the dictionaries is /_alti_/, what is impossible not to correlate with their /_altin_/ ('altaºn', for them the Lat. "i" very often is read like Bul. 'aº', for the simple reason that they have not a big choice, either so, or with "a"), or rather a golden coin, but in the game of backgammon I am sure that 6 & 5 is called 'shesh-besh', where /_besh_/, 'besh', really, means 5, so that this root is not unknown by them. And also don't forget that all Skr. gods, when they look like humans, are with 6 extremities.

-->And what concerns the stick '/_shest'_/ in Rus., then their etymologists say that there was some old '/_shaºstaº'_/, then Belarusian '/_shost'_/, and mention some Latvian /_shiekshtas_/ as ... tree trunk without branches. Well, but "that thing" is exactly like a tree trunk without branches, isn't it? They, surely, don't explain this, they rather guess, but if so then I can continue with other words, like Rus.: '/_zhjostkij'_/ (hard), '/_zhestjanka'_/ (a tin), '/_zhelezo'_/ (iron), '/_zhezl'_/ (a rod, scepter), as well also the ... '/_zhele'_/-jelly, which is liquid, liquid, and at once hardens (well, nor exactly like iron, but nearly so). Id est the iron is a kind of jelly (while is liquid), and there was some old Sl. '/_zhelaºi'_/ what meant ... turtle (because it is with hard shell), but the very word '/_zheljaso'_/-iron (that's in Bul) corresponds well with Ger. /_Stahl_/ ('shtahl', steel) or /_Stiel_/ (stem of a flower). ( We could have thought that the ... '/_zhaºlt'_/-yellow colour (in Bul.) is also somewhere here, but this is mixing or roots, the '/_zhaºlto'_/ is rather "gaºlto", or "goldeno"-golden, so that let us not digress with it. ) Ah, the Russians have also the word '/_shesternja'_/, what is a cogwheel, what may be so for the reason that the profile of the cogs looks like hexagonal, or may be minded the stick on which the cogwheel is placed (for there can't be a gear without axis).

-->But enough accumulating, now everything is clear, the six is a "great thing", like the "thing" of the male. And let us on parting return to the Gr., where their "eksi"-6 can be written also as "eks", what, obviously, has given the Lat. prefix "ex-" (which is '/_iz'_/ in Bul., and in It, only "s-"), as something that jumps at once -- so, there is nothing, nothing, and at once something suddenly pops out, ah? This is the '/_sashtisvasht'_/-astounding number six, with which, quite deservedly, we finish our opus about the numbers.

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-->Oct 2012

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-->*_-- -- -- -- --_*

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=>*_END OF THE WHOLE BOOK_*

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© Мирский Христо. Hme0404@@ : My Common Publicistic Works : Now, Look Here! (Publicistics) -- Part Four -- Others : All : 2001 - 2017 : Mirski-Bis

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Создан: 01/09/2026, изменен: 01/09/2026, 127k

Статья: Публицистика, Foreign+Translat

Series: Mirski-Bis-I - Copy Me Free - in English