About the origins of creativity
About the origins of creativity

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  • Аннотация:
    The creative principle in a person did not fall entirely on him from above. Obviously, there were certain foundations for its appearance. As you know, a person comes from warm-blooded creatures. Moreover, its genome coincides with the chimpanzee genome by 99%. Therefore, you can try to find the foundations of creativity among those from whom we descended. Keywords: person, animals, consciousness, environment, creativity, intuition, games,
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  Until now, scientists find it difficult to determine the origins of creativity, which is especially pronounced in the technical, scientific and artistic spheres. But exactly creativity allows to discover an unobvious new one, which not only provides scientific, technical and cultural progress, but also highlights a new thing in a person in himself, which he did not even dare to think about before.
  No other being is capable of this, However and a person didn't acquire the ability to create in a ready-made form.
  Moreover, a person has lost some of the abilities inherent in animals to some extent.
  Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to determine the line that separated a person from animals, and show their similarity and difference in relation to creativity.
  For all living beings, including a person, thinking is being found only as a derivative of the ability of a being to perceive information that introduces it through sensations into existence, which provokes the emergence of thinking of different levels.
  Yet no living thing except a person strains himself with thoughts of why it exists and for what.
  The highest mammals, conscious of their actions, direct them only toward utilizing what is available to them, ensuring their own existence within the framework of nutrition, reproduction, and dominance. To achieve this, they primarily use trial and error, combined with ancestral and personal memory on the basic on instincts and reflexes.
  They use different types of signals to communicate. The main ones are sounds and gestures. They do not have articulate speech, and therefore they are capable only of concrete actions and, in part, imaginative thinking.
  As a result, their consciousness cannot rise above the applied one, that is, designed only to preserve sensations, preferably pleasant ones. The rest does not occupy them.
  Thus, these living beings interact with own surrounding to survive within it, without violating the order established by the corresponding program in the genome of each cell. And the very desire of living beings to maintain their lives in accordance with this order is determined by their acquisition of sensations that distinguish life from the void of nothingness that some animal species experience through hibernation or fainting.
  It is sensations, first of all, that give the fullness of life, and thinking only regulates their flow as far as possible.
  Therefore, for all living beings, the program of growth and development is configured purely to receive sensations that give the impression of being in life, but nothing more. According to this program, located in the genome of each cell of the body, all living beings fight to preserve sensations, and everything else, in particular, problems of cognition, culture, morality, are not included in their "diet," that is, they are all programmed only to get sensations, which they succeed with different success, adapting to the environment.
  In other words, all living things are, as it were, inside the environment, being a kind of atoms or dynamic components of this environment, pushing in it for a prize in the form of sensations, and not reflections about such life.
  They are not able to go "outside", but they would be able if, in addition to the first program, an additional program appeared in the genome that would allow them arbitrary considerations with appropriate arbitrary actions to achieve their goals in addition to the developed instincts and reflexes.
  Such addition, which makes it possible to exist in the environment, making conscious changes to it, happened at one time with a change in the genome of one of the highest primates.
  This, unusually rapid restructuring of the genome, contradicting speed of evolutionary development, stated usually by evolutionists, is confirmed by geneticists who used computer imposing of a genome map of a chimpanzee on a genome map of a person that allowed them to allocate three categories of so called DNA-duplications - that are available in a genome of the person, but are absent in a genome of a chimpanzee, that are available in a genome of a chimpanzee, but are absent in a genome of the person, and that are available in a genome of both types. DNA-duplication is one of forms of a mutation at which the site of a chromosome doubles. In this case DNA segments having length of at least 20 thousand of the nucleotide couples were considered. It appeared that about one third of DNA-duplications identified in a human, are absent at a chimpanzee. Geneticists were pretty surprised by this figure because it indicates a very high frequency of mutations in the short - by evolutionary standards - period of time. This work was carried out by an international consortium of scientists. It consisted of 67 scientists from 23 research institutions of 5 countries - the U.S., Israel, Spain, Italy and Germany. Geneticists of the Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston coordinated the work. And blood for DNA analysis gave a young male chimpanzee named Clint (Clint), inhabitant of aviary of the National Centre for the Study of primates named after Yerkis in Atlanta, Georgia. (See, eg ., Dw.de> genome comparison ... and ... it ... human).
  This addition enabled the new being to not be satisfied with what was around it, but to take action to change its own surrounding in its own interests, in a planned, purposeful manner, thereby opening up new possibilities.
  In other words, the direction of this new being's actions became bifurcated. It was able to act as before-within the existing order-but along with that, it could also change the existing order as it needed or simply wanted-that is, arbitrarily.
  Conscious development of the environment turned out to be more effective with the help of collective efforts that contribute to the formation of articulate speech, and planning of actions led to the emergence of abstract concepts and formal logic, partly replacing thinking based on instincts and reflexes.
  However, the preservation of the progressive motion in social development required not only the systematization of existing knowledge for their more effective application, but also the extraction of new knowledge, which their monkey ancestors did not strive for, content with obtaining and maintaining their own feelings.
  Therefore, the driving force of progress was creativity, that is, the ability to extract new and non-obvious, as it were, from nothing.
  This fact, in our opinion, can only be explained by the combination in the minds of each person of two programs of action: one based on instincts and reflexes, and the other based on more or less strict logic and figurative-abstract thinking, which is absent in other creatures.
  The first creates the possibility of immersing a person with a certain effort in an boundless ancestral memory, and the second can first qualify a person for this effort, and then contribute to extracting from the immense data bank that has appeared in his mind what seems necessary or interesting to him in one or another combination, and further consolidate this new data for use in the current life.
  For animals, there are no problems in such extraction of what is necessary from the ancestral memory, since they, as a rule, do not have the opportunity to think for a long time, but have an appropriate instinct, developed over tens of millions of years, which automatically in a critical situation provides them with the necessary data from the ancestral memory, which gives them the opportunity not to be so easily devoured.
  In people, such instinct has become largely rudimentary as unnecessary within the framework of a relatively safe and orderly life.
  Only shamans and relatively small number of individuals capable of entering a kind of trance-more or less profound-have partially preserved it professionally and are able to use it. This trance, in essence, is a kind of gateway into the vast world commonly referred to as the subconscious.
  In particular, shamans and some so-called sorcerers are not deceivers or frauds, as many believe. They quite successfully work in the field of helping their communities, inheriting the ways they know how to get into a trance, which allows them to use the generic and even inhuman database, temporarily merging with this otherworldly world, and try to find answers in it, in general, to the simplest questions about future weather, hunting views and other vital issues for the community. They also know how to get out of trance without consequences for their own health and with the information they need, which, to the surprise of scientific husbands, usually turn out to be correct.
  Incidentally, animals, for whom such access to this database occurs automatically in critical situations, for the same reason are perfectly able to sense the approach of earthquakes, distant hurricanes, the hidden preparation of volcanoes for an eruption, and similar threats that are imperceptible to a person with all their scientific know-how.
  In addition to the above, it should be noted that usually shaman enters in the desired state by means of special techniques which promote shutdown of self-consciousness in its open form. The most efficient techniques for Siberian shamans are the combination of sound tools (tambourine), dance and the use of funds which rank as narcotic now. Shaman stays in the "space of insight", "opened" by him, so much how many necessary (sometimes several days) to clarify a problem, always having in mind and not losing a specific goal, and remembering need of return to itself back in all completeness, i.e. shaman does not forget about the stay in this "otherworldly space". For this reason, he is capable to return from the "otherworldly" world.
  An ordinary person also, what happens sometimes, enters in similar state unexpected for himself, receiving sometimes answers to questions, which are not resolved by the known methods. This as if automatic entrance to state of insight means also automatic exit from it that in itself retains identity of a person.
  Similar state, which is not controlled by human reason, is called as inspiration. It has various forms and is reached, as a rule, irrespective of a person at the moments of a stress, relaxation, half-asleep state and other unusual states.
  An ordinary person, as a rule, does not remember what happened to him in this state. He remembers only the answer to the question, stated mentally. However, often success in this state is not achieved, in particular, because a person fuzzy formulated a question or lacked the necessary training - there are no necessary representations, knowledge, abilities and experience; in this case the sense of the answer is distorted or the complete comprehension of the answer is not reached.
  Nevertheless, arrival of inspiration, in effect, is explained by local coincidence of interest, which is expressed in certain purpose, and experience of the person.
  Intensive interest, for example, can bring the person to state of excitation, and experience helps to formulate the questions correctly that often leads to "emergence from nowhere" of comprehension of an event or the answer which is required.
  In any case, the mechanism of intuition consists in such combination of the highest and lowest forms of consciousness, at which consciousness begins to work automatically (without reflections and logic), as it occurs at animals for their survival, and along with that into this automatic scheme relatively short-term are involved all practices of a person in the form of the gained experience in this sphere, the available knowledge and abilities with certain target orientation.
  Similar rather short-term harmonious merge of target programs of a self-consciousness and the ideal programs of the lowest component of consciousness for a survival which do not counteract each other, as usual, and work in unison, for example, helping a person to escape from a misfortune, reflects their reciprocal interest in an extreme situation whereas in routine circumstances their interests and aspirations, as a rule, vary that clearly is looked through in contradictory actions of each person.
  If voluntary or involuntary address of a person with a definite purpose to the lowest (animal) component of consciousness does not contradict aspirations of the last, related mainly to the survival of the organism, then a person receives necessary for him, if, of course, he will understand the answer.
  To do this, and relevant experience is required.
  A typical example of insight caused artificially, which in many cultural communities has been challenged as a hoax, or it is just ridiculed, and at best, it is represented by certain miracle, or under it unsuccessfully try to bring scientific-logical base, is actions of shaman or sorcerer.
  For example, it is known that Siberian shaman, entering a trance, is capable to specify quite precisely location of spontaneously wandering wild deer that is especially important during hunger strikes of natives.
  Shaman can also foretell how dangerous will be a path of the traveler in the district known to shaman, as if looking in the future.
  It is known also that Indians quite precisely foretold arrival of spring that is important for determination of the beginning of agricultural works.
  These examples in the context of our work indicate that particular target insights appeared in an initial stage of formation of a self-consciousness when the person, on the one hand, as the being, understanding itself in time, obtained an opportunity of actions on own comprehension, having understood that it is capable to influence on the environment consciously according to own plan, adapting it for itself, and not just being applied to it, and at the same time keeping substantially ability to follow instincts of an animal, which he was recently, for example, to instincts of the hunting predator, and on the other hand, a person did not yet master in proper degree the main techniques of intellectual activity, rules of logical constructions, the abstract thinking in its main forms. A person does not know mathematics yet, he is not able to extrapolate, there is no writing, and language is primitive.
  Therefore, the science for it as a way of acquisition of the useful knowledge is absent.
  However, people needed every day to anticipate danger, to procure food, heal the sick, etc.
  Out of this situation was found in selection from the tribe, in particular, of the most experienced hunters, comprehended many secrets of this activity and who at the same time were able to cure themselves in long wanderings from some injuries and inflammations.
  Thus, experience of the acquired target rational activity could be combined in them, with this or that success, with the instincts and reflexes of an animal which have not yet gone into the depths of consciousness, being almost ideal action program in situations known to an animal, in particular, when procuring food (fast determination of the location of a prey, the instinctive accounting of habits of a prey, ways of efficient killing, the accounting of weather conditions, force, dexterity, endurance, cruelty, fearlessness, etc.).
  On the other hand, own experience, knowledge and skills prompted to this special person the right choice the type of a prey in this season, the type of weapon, footwear and other equipment.
  The special person could combine this specialization with efficient treatment of a number of diseases, weather forecasting, etc.
  It was necessary only to find ways of the switching of own "open" consciousness (the highest consciousness, or techniques of self-consciousness, i.e. intellectual techniques having a target focus) on the second plan for work in unison with own "closed" consciousness (the lowest consciousness, or consciousness of own animal beginning) for the solution of the task, set in advance, by means of instinctive-reflex programs, but having in mind the set goal of this interaction of both forms of consciousness in a person.
  Such ways were found out from routine practice, inasmuch was already known narcotic effect of a number of herbs, as well as sounds of a rhythmic row during dances.
  It was developed gradually a kind of ritual of this entering into a trance, during which were being combined harmoniously the goals of the highest consciousness and the ideal action program of the animal beginning in the known situations, that, as a rule, was allowing to solve the set task rather quickly and efficiently, though and audience, and shamans did not understand the true mechanism of receiving the necessary result.
  Whatever it was, but this lack of understanding did not prevent to acquire methods of insight of different exterior forms, to introduce effective attributes and to transfer all accumulated to pupils, which are still called in Russia by shamans, and in America - by sorcerers.
  However, over time, quite natural actions of shamans at the specified integration of the work of the highest and lowest forms of consciousness have overgrown in various rituals, the belief in communication of shamans with perfume, and further, having lost the sense and a basis, were being shifted into religion in the form of expectation of the divine help at the pleading request of afflicted, for example, call the rain in a drought: the so-called godfather move.
  However, all kinds of miracle workers, saints, magicians, "correct" psychics and to some extent hypnotists wittingly or unwittingly use this opportunity for "entry" in the "otherworldly" with varying degrees of success.
  Naturally, any living being including the person, does not suspect that it and all other alive thanks to presence of consciousness at them possess by Creation in general, in beingness of which all inanimate turns into material and tools for life.
  Thus, not an environment creates the living beings, and on the contrary, they form habitat resulting the living beings are true masters in life. And all living beings, except a person, have not need to look for the road in its consciousness to the environment, inasmuch they in the interaction with things are merged with the environment as its active element and "absorb" surrounding in the form of own sensations, gaining thereby own time.
  
  A person as part of a holographic projection of an infinity outside of time [1] in its basic, and therefore coinciding in this basis of beingness with all hologram, in principle, is capable to become by all, but the real for him is the becoming only in that sphere which
  he can perceive on the basis of his experience in view of the goal he has set.
  Otherwise the product of insight for him will remain unclear as for example, everything is unclear in this "beyond" to addicts. But they need there in other: release from own self-consciousness for occurrence into the lowest component of consciousness which in the inert state provides for them effect of the complete merge with the environment, equivalent to Nirvana in its comprehension by Buddhists, called in jargon as kaif.
  A person in the self-consciousness pushed back the lowest component of consciousness on the background and by that considerably came off from the environment, having become the subject into temporary process. In other words, he understood that he is in temporary process with all advantages of this comprehension, but along with that he lost former unity with the environment.
  However, the lowest component of consciousness did not disappear in him. It means, in principle, he is capable to shift of it into the forefront temporarily, that is to enter into it, but without loss of the highest consciousness, without forgetting who is he actually, and, thanks to this, at some point to get out of the lowest component of consciousness, more precisely, to shift it again to the background.
  Shamans are able to do it without loss: to enter into the lowest component of consciousness, to learn required, and to get out of it. In other words, shaman, as if having returned to natural state of the lowest component of consciousness, but, without losing itself in it, that is, remembering the purpose, can coincide with its surroundings as well as in due time stop this coincidence.
  He in own consciousness is capable to become thereby not only as a wolf or a snake, but also - as snow-storm, ice drift, the near volcano, and inasmuch he does not lose at these moments the highest consciousness in the form of a goal or the solution of a particular task, he can ask in a new appearance the prepared question and see or feel the answer, but he will be able to understand the answer only with corresponding preparation, i.e. at adequate experience, knowledge and skills.
  Otherwise he will not understand these answers.
  Therefore, shaman, knowing the matter, adjoins in the insight with "otherworldly" only in the spheres, determined by him, with which he is well familiar, for example, treatment of some diseases, weather forecasting, searching of places for hunting for concrete species of prey, but does not even try to identify himself with a cloud to learn its physical substance, mechanism of formation of lightning, etc.
  More details about actions of shamans and sorcerers can be found, for example, in books: Vladimir Serkin "Laughter shaman"; Castaneda "the Wheel of time", "The separated reality".
  It should be noted that the basis of communication with pets, as well as - taming of wild animals is the fit in accordance of the lowest component of consciousness of a person and consciousness of an animal for emergence of their mutual understanding.
  Part of animals is not capable for this interaction (compliance) or owing to deficiency of own intellect (snakes, crocodiles) or - its discrepancies to the main positions with the lowest component of consciousness of a person.
  In particular, a large part of the cat family, which in due time hunted on primogenitors of people, does not give in to training.
  Naturally, they do not wish to recognize a person as the leader, but they can coexist with him for own benefit (survival), whereas dogs always find mutual understanding with people, inasmuch they hundreds of thousands of years were assistants to a person in hunting, developed the intellect in communication with him, and recognize consciousness of a person as primary for themselves.
  As we showed above, a holographic basis of a person together with his opportunity to set the purposes and to aspire consciously to them, overcoming various obstacles thanks to own ingenuity, allows him not only to enter into state of an animal, but also to be merged in own consciousness with a cloud, a lake, a grove, etc. Shaman, which knows how to do it, is able to sense when he-cloud will spill by a rain, and then to tell about it to tribesmen.
  However apart from shamans, quite often occur among people similar to them on qualities the subjects: they, not knowing that, are capable in one way or another to insight without special training, calling arrival of insight by inspiration, or by creative rise because then at them everything turns out, all problems are solved mysteriously.
  This ability in the action is qualified by science as intuition, although, of course, to understand the true mechanism of this insight science is not capable, because it relies on other principles of knowing.
  It would be strange and impossible for science to confirm adequacy of actions of often illiterate shaman or the sudden findings of ordinary people which suddenly because of one book are admitted as geniuses (James Joyce). But results of these actions are obvious, and in the course are all sorts of pseudo-scientific fabrications, streamlined definitions or concealment.
  Therefore, as oddities are discussed hitherto wonderful insights, for example, of Archimedes or Mendeleyev, although it is actually their long work on the study of relevant physical and chemical phenomena, and sitting, as a tack in shoe, task at some point relaxations, the first - in a bathtub, and the second - in a dream or half asleep, automatically entered them into contact with "cloud" necessary to them, and the answer to the question, "sitting" in their heads, was received, but they understood it only because they were prepared better than others for these discoveries by all the life, all experience, all knowledge.
  And other, one may say, creative people possess similar properties, being able to extract from "air" at the particular moments something ingenious or, at least, standing apart.
  These include, above all, numerous inventors of anything, great artists, writers, in general, the creators of something original.
  If everything is clear with regard to inventors by definition: they create things which are the useful, which were not yet, this is beyond the power, for example, of scientists who are mainly engaged in the systematization and description of the facts collected in one way or another and the conclusion of certain regularities based on them, which the same inventors use to create a new, and the scientists, as a rule, stop either on the description of the phenomena or on conclusion of regularities, reflecting this in articles, then the culture experts still cannot distinctly explain, than the ingenious picture of Raphael differs from its precise copy, or - the "detective" novel of Dostoyevsky F. M. "Crime and punishment" - from numerous "smooth" novels on the same subject.
  As mentioned above, ingenious works are being written and drawn not just like that - on this or that cliche, the standard storyline.
  They too are fruits of insight, the only one of its kind. The person has to think, to prepare all life, perhaps, to something, yet precisely unknown to him, and the majority does not get acceptable results, so as it is almost impossible to represent a cloud so that it was alive, joyful and airy or - heavy and terrible, impregnated with moisture and thunder-storm.
  As and almost impossible to do what could make Dostoevsky F. M. - to show in expanded form the distorted view on own life and lives of other people, and tortures of the protagonist of the "Crime and punishment " after own erroneous action which as it appeared, does not coincide with character of his soul organization at all.
  Similar ingenious creations can arise only as a fruit of the hard previous work, incredible efforts, the corresponding combination of necessary knowledge, abilities, power of observation including the main ability: having saved up experience, consciously or not ,to enter, having in mind the target, into the "otherworldly" world of the lowest component of own consciousness and even to merge with the necessary thing (too the hologram in its basis, as and a person, that means a possibility of their coincidence).
  In this world of "things in themselves", on terminology of Kant, who, however, did not go further, having refused thereby in productive contact with transcendent, is everything, and it is possible to receive answers to all questions, but only can understand these answers not everyone, and not everyone, having got there, will be able to leave this state.
  And any masterpiece is a fullest comprehension of object in which the author temporarily merges with necessary to him surroundings: cloud, animal, some event, person of a particular grade. And as he will frame it technically, it is another question. In particular, the technique of the letter of impressionists not was so good in comparison with the artists writing conventional landscapes, but they caught something new alive - in the form of flashing of shadows, turn of the head, an unusual combination of flowers and figures that allowed them to enter eternity.
  Therefore, copying of masterpieces in any field of activity reminds attempt of manufacture of the living person from wood.
  However, ingenious insights, happens, are fraught with a sad outcome, inasmuch, though it is difficult, but it is possible practically for any person - to enter into state of insight, but it is necessary still to be able to leave this state in order to not remain in the "otherworldly" world of own lowest consciousness, where, it is possible, very good because it is thoughtless and not terrible. Addicts who artificially enter themselves into the close to it state know this, but they drop out of this consciousness automatically as soon as effect of drug comes to end.
  Therefore, people, intensively the creative in the work, balance on a kind of border between the highest and lowest components of consciousness with possibility of offset into the lowest consciousness, more precisely, replacement of the highest consciousness by it. Hence the high percentage of fallen into the madness of artists, poets and writers, suicide and drug addiction among them.
  Be that as it may, the discovery of something new and non-obvious cannot occur without an intuitive approach, as well as preliminary analysis, goal setting, and the retention of what has been discovered and its logical integration into the existing order, or a radical restructuring of the system, be it science, technology, or art.
  Therefore, one of the sources of creativity lies in consciousness, and it is built on an instinctive, instantaneous entry, particularly into ancestral memory, accessible to all animals, but to the animals, no matter how hard many try to forget, belong to also a person, albeit with some differences noted above.
  Another source of human creativity is the plaies of the animals.
  The fact is that, in addition to all the well-known properties of play, such as the development of skills, dexterity, coordination, socialization, and simple entertainment, the play is essentially based on the principles of the combinatorics, which is the lowest level of creativity.
  Therefore, during various games, animals practice various combinations of generally known components of various techniques. Some of these combinations prove beneficial for survival and are stored in the memory of generations, thereby increasing the likelihood of species survival through the interaction of these dynamic elements with the environment itself.
  There are numerous examples of animal games that can help them develop effective strategies for survival.
  Crows toss branches in the air, dolphins play with bubbles, cats chase their own tails, dogs run and swim with sticks, deer try to run quickly in zigzags, and hyenas and lions chase each other and bite.
  Naturally, people, as if by inheritance, also practice similar behavior, acquiring the same ability for combinations, which they all use in life, often without noticing it.
  The confirmation of a certain creativity of these games is the relatively recent game theory [2], which to some extent imitates the animal games.
  This theory is based, like animal games, on finding optimal solutions in a competitive environment, when the result beneficial to someone depends on the decisions of each of all involved in the game, which are not always obvious. Therefore, during the game, players demonstrate their ability to anticipate their opponents' moves and develop advantageous winning strategies.
  This is precisely what animals do in their games, the essence of which is the combinatorics.
  In the twists and turns of human life, it is combinatorics that most often helps us choose the best strategy, taking into account the capabilities of competitors and their resources.
  Those who have noticed the benefits of combinatorics often become passionate about this kind of activity, becoming innovators in their daily lives or work, creating devices that help us better cook, chop vegetables, sow, plow, manage office work, draw, and so on.
  The most capable, strong-willed, and active persons become more or less prominent inventors, scientists, and artists.
  And those who manage to go far beyond combinatorics can become renowned thinkers, writers, creators of entirely new technologies, and discoverers of new patterns and connections in nature and society.
  However, such creative personalities are few and far between compared to the general population.
  This remarkable fact is explained not so much by the number of "brain convolutions," an excellent memory, an unusually high level of education, and a fortunate confluence of circumstances, the advantages of which are still debated by various researchers into the emergence of such a high degree of creativity, but, above all, by the ability to combine gaming skills and intuition, which are inherited from primates, with what is characteristic only of a person, namely: a high level of abstract thinking, which allows one to logically integrate new models found with the help of intuition (insight) and connections within known systems, or create new systems and discover previously unknown patterns of varying scales. The authors of the most ambitious and rare discoveries, leading to revolutions in science, technology, and art, are sooner or later recognized as geniuses.
  Furthermore, such people necessarily conduct preliminary research, often discovering obscure facts and connections through experiments and observations, overcoming the resistance of conservatives, financial difficulties, their own illnesses, and the ridicule of rivals.
  Examples of the far from simple activities of such titans of science, fraught with many misfortunes and disappointments, include Isaac Newton, who, in pursuit of deeper knowledge, avoided women, harbored many doubts, and simultaneously experienced constant anxiety, fear, insomnia, and ultimately, from intense thinking, succumbed to dementia.
  The exceptionally gifted, active, and initially healthy Blaise Pascal-a brilliant mathematician, physicist, and mechanic-faded relatively quickly and died at age 39 from complete deterioration of his internal organs.
  The great writer Nikolai Gogol, in his youth, was a rather stout and lively Little Russian, but over time he became a hypochondriac, constantly undergoing treatment and ultimately dying of exhaustion brought on by the onset of creative sterility.
  One of the greatest artists, Vincent van Gogh, suffered from insomnia, hallucinations, and persecution mania while creating his masterpieces. He frequently became delirious and, unable to bear the strain of such an existence, shot himself before reaching the age of 40.
  The great composer Frédéric Chopin suffered from epilepsy, which was often accompanied by visions. His chronic lung condition, likely tuberculosis, periodically worsened, and he died from it quite early - at the age of 39.
  The above consideration of the origins of creativity suggests a fundamental difference between animal and human thinking only in orientation.
  This fact has not been noted since the time of Descartes, apparently due to his authority and the corresponding reverence for a person.
  Descartes explains what he means by thinking: "Without a doubt, all kinds of the thought activity that we note in ourselves can be attributed to two main ones: one of them consists in perception by the mind, the other - in determination by the will. So, to feel, to imagine, even to comprehend purely intellectual things are all just different kinds of perception, whereas to desire, to be disgusted, to affirm, to deny, to doubt are different kinds of volition..." [3, p. 246].
  Thus, Descartes believes that the totality of the types of the thought activity indicated by him is a true sign of a person's recognition of his own existence.
  Of course, this is not so, since all the properties of consciousness indicated by him are also present in the consciousness of the highest mammals.
  The difference between them and a person, presumably, lies not in thinking as such, but in the directionality of thinking.
  As mentioned above, the same highest mammals, for example, primates, do not think about high matters, such as knowledge of the surrounding world, self-improvement, but only about how to survive and better settle in their own environment, adapting to it, with the transfer to own offspring of the property to experience pleasant sensations. Nothing else interests them, while human thinking is directed not only to adaptive reactions in relation to the environment, but also to its possible subordination to oneself.
  For a more effective solution of the latter problem, hominids gradually developed, in addition to adaptive thinking, expressed mainly in the form of instincts and reflexes, the ability to think logically, which they later strengthened by the invention of artificial intelligence already in the guise of a technologically advanced person.
  A person who came out of a hominid also concluded that the combination of known things and processes in other ways can make an even more significant contribution to improving his comfort, make him stronger and more significant, especially since all new achievements can be recorded in writing and thereby create an extensive database data, expanding it from generation to generation.
  This kind of combinatorics requires only ingenuity and a desire to change something, that is, a manifestation of interest, which is characteristic of any person.
  Combinatorics in combination with formal logic, of course, significantly accelerates technical and cultural progress, but this combination does not give drastic turn of events due to the relatively insignificant increase in new information to the existing database of mankind.
  However, an additional program embedded in the genome of each person expands the potential of his thinking almost indefinitely, allowing the initiation of arbitrary, or illogical thinking, which is called creative, in track with goal setting.
  This type of thinking, with the help of techniques found over time, generally denoted by intuition, is able to pull a person out of the circle of the known into the space of acquiring non-obvious knowledge, further accelerating the development of his material and cultural base and his own self-consciousness, and an increase in the level of the latter affects more turning to oneself. and not on improving external comfort for oneself.
  In conclusion, we note that the source of creativity, which is characteristic in its highest degrees only of a person, and is not inherent in any type of artificial intelligence, is nevertheless the consciousness of higher mammals, realized in games and instant intuitive discoveries, to whom, admittedly, creativity is given automatically and is inherent to them only at the level of combinatorics, but, at the same time, it determines their existence due to the direct connection of their consciousness with ancestral memory, limited, however, by instincts and reflexes, which, however, is sufficient to obtain and retain for the duration of life the feeling of presence in life.
  A person is able, thanks to the interaction of his animal (lower) component of consciousness, which ensures the functioning of the organism as a system and its survival in conditions of competition, and self-awareness, aimed at changing his own environment, first for convenience and then for the sake of developing himself, to use those stages of creativity that are interesting and accessible to him.
  However, the availability and effectiveness of human actions in the field of creativity depends largely on education, environment, brain characteristics, memory volume, volitional qualities, activity and aspirations for cognition, and not just for pleasure.
  In addition, the instinctive basis for the widespread successful immersion in the "subconscious" due to human civilization was eventually pushed into the background by self- consciousness due to the actual unnecessary instant immersion in the "subconscious" in a relatively organized public life.
  Due to such numerous restrictions, the highest stage of creativity is available only to a few who are recognized as geniuses in their field of creativity, which we observe in practice.
  
  Bibliography
  
  1. Nizovtsev Yu. M. Why Creation cannot do without a person? Word and Deed (collection of the most unusual). Part 3. Electronic resource]. Access mode: Amazon. 2026. Nizovtsev Yury.
  2. Myerson, Roger B. 1991. Game Theory. Analysis of Conflict. Harvard University Press, ISBN 9780674341166.
  3. Антология мировой философии". Том 2. С. 246. "Мысль". Москва. 1970.
  
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