А.С.ХОРНБИ
КОНСТРУКЦИИ и ОБОРОТЫ
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
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А.С.ХОРНБИ. КОНСТРУКЦИИ И ОБОРОТЫ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА ЯЗЫКА (c переводом) См. сетевой вариант книги (on line version): http://nota.triwe.net/lib/hornby.htm | ||
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А.С.ХОРНБИ КОНСТРУКЦИИ и ОБОРОТЫ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА |
Конструкции и обороты английского языка/Пер. с англ. А. С. Игнатьева. -- М.: АО "Буклет", 1992. -- 336 с. ISBN5-85603-008-7
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Неличныеe формы (Non finites) |
Личные формы (Finites) |
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Indefinite |
Present Participle |
Past Participle |
Present Tense |
Past Tense |
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1 |
be |
being |
been |
am, is, are |
was, were |
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2 |
have |
having |
had |
have, .has |
had |
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3 |
do |
doing |
done |
do, does |
did |
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4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
shall |
should |
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5 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
will |
would |
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6 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
can |
could |
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7 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
may |
might |
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8 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
must |
-- |
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9 |
-- |
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-- |
ought |
-- |
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10 |
-- |
-- |
|
need |
-- |
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11 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
dare |
-- |
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12 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
used |
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This room has five windows. There are fivе windows in this room. |
} |
В этой комнате пять окон. |
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This Jacket has three pockets. There are three pockets in this jacket. |
} |
На этой куртке три кармана. |
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Mary has blue eyes. Mary's eyes are blue. |
} |
У Мэри голубые глаза. |
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What long hair you have! How long your hair is! |
} |
Какие у вас длинные волосы! |
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How many children have they (got) ? How many children are there in the family? |
} |
Сколько у них (в семье) детей? |
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N |
ГК |
Перечень глагольных конструкций (сокращенно ГК) |
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ГК 1 |
1 |
Глагол + прямое дополнение |
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ГК 2 |
2 |
Глагол + (not +) инфинитив с частицей to (+ ...) |
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ГК 3 |
3 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + (not +) инфинитив с частицей to (+...) |
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ГК 4 |
4 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) (not +) (to be +) именной член |
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ГК 5 |
5 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + инфинитив без частицы to (+...) |
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ГК 6 |
6 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + причастие настоящего времени (+...) |
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ГК 7 |
7 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + прилагательное |
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ГК 8 |
8 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + существительное |
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ГК 9 |
9 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + причастие прошедшего времени (past participle) |
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ГК 10 |
10 |
Глагол +существительное (местоимение) + обстоятельственное слово или выражение |
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ГК 11 |
11 |
Глагол + придаточное предложение с союзом that |
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ГК 12 |
12 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + придаточное предложение с союзом that |
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ГК 13 |
13 |
Глагол + союзное слово* + инфинитив с частицей to ( +...) |
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ГК 14 |
14 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + союзное слово + инфинитив с частицей to ( +...) |
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ГК 15 |
15 |
Глагол + союзное слово + придаточное предложение |
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ГК 16 |
16 |
Глагол + существительное (местоимение) + союзное слово + придаточное предложение |
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ГК 17 |
17 |
Глагол + герундий ( + ...) |
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ГК 18 |
18 |
Глагол + прямое дополнение + предлог + предложное дополнение |
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ГК 19 |
19 |
Глагол + косвенное дополнение + прямое дополнение |
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ГК 20 |
20 |
Глагол + (for +) обстоятельство времени, места и т. п. |
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ГК 21 |
21 |
Глагол (без второстепенных членов предложения) |
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ГК 22 |
22 |
Глагол + именной член |
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ГК 23 |
23 |
Глагол + наречие |
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ГК 24 |
24 |
Глагол + предлог + предложное дополнение |
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ГК 25 |
25 |
Глагол + инфинитив с частицей to в функции обстоя тельства цели ( +...) |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Прямое дополнение |
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1 |
I know |
your name. |
1. Я знаю, как вас зовут. |
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2 |
Do you want |
any help? |
2. Вам нужно помочь? |
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3 |
You did not answer |
my question. |
3. Вы не ответили на мой вопрос. |
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4 |
Who knows |
the answer? |
4. Кто знает ответ? |
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5 |
He cut |
his finger. |
5. Он порезал себе палец. |
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--> 6[Author:S] [S1] |
He cut |
himself. |
6. Он порезался. |
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7 |
Shall I light |
the lamp? |
7. Зажечь мне лампу? |
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8 |
Have you had |
breakfast? |
8. Вы позавтракали? |
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9 |
Don't you remember |
my name? |
9. Разве вы не помните, как меня зовут? |
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--> 10[Author:S] [S2] |
He dug |
--> a deep hole[Author:S] [S3]. |
10. Он вырыл глубокую яму. |
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11 |
She said |
"Good morning!" |
11. Она сказала: "Доброе утро". |
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--> 12[Author:S] [S4] |
She laughed |
a merry laugh. |
12. Она весело рассмеялась. |
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13 |
She smiled |
her thanks. |
13. Она благодарно улыбнулась. |
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14 |
This climate does not suit |
me. |
14. Этот климат мне не подходит. |
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--> 15[Author:S] [S5] |
Please describe carefully |
what you saw. |
15. Пожалуйста, опишите тщательно то, что вы видели. |
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--> 16[Author:S] [S6] |
Please describe |
what there is in front of you. |
16. Пожалуйста, опишите то, что находится перед вами. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
(not + ) инфинитив с частицей to (+...) |
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1 |
Please try |
to do better next time. |
1. Пожалуйста, постарайтесь сделать лучше в следующий раз. |
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2 |
Do they want |
to go? |
2. Они хотят уйти? |
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3 |
He has refused |
to help us. |
3. Он отказался помочь нам. |
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--> 4[Author:S] [S7] |
It has begun |
to rain. |
4. Начался дождь. |
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--> 5[Author:S] [S8] |
It came on |
to rain. |
5. Пошел дождь. |
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6 |
Do you intend |
to go to the meeting? |
6. Вы собираетесь на собрание? |
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7 |
He pretended |
not to see me. |
7. Он притворился, что не видит меня. |
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8 |
Have you learnt |
to swim yet? |
8. Вы уже научились плавать? |
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9 |
Would you like |
to come with me? |
9. Не желали ли бы вы пойти со мной? |
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10 |
Did you remember |
to post the letters? |
10. Вы не забыли отправить письма? |
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11 |
I forgot |
to post the letters. |
11. Я забыл отправить письма. |
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I prefer an early start. (ГК 1) I prefer to start early. (ГК 2) |
} |
Я предпочитаю отправиться пораньше. |
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Не pretended indifference. (ГК 1) Не pretended to be indifferent. (ГК 2) |
} |
Он притворился безразличным. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитив с частицей to (+...) |
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1 |
I shall have |
to go. |
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2 |
Have we (got) |
to change trains here? |
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3 |
Does he often have |
to go to the doctor? |
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4 |
They haven't (got) |
to go to school on Sundays, have they? |
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5 |
You don't have |
to go to school on Sundays, do you? |
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6 |
Have we |
to answer all these questions? |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
(not +) инфинитив с частицей to |
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1 |
I do not want |
anyone |
to know. |
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2 |
Do you wish |
me |
to stay? |
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3 |
Will you help |
me |
to carry this box upstairs? |
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4 |
We can't allow |
them |
to do that. |
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5 |
He likes |
his wife |
to dress well |
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6 |
Didn't I ask |
you |
not to do that? |
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7 |
Who taught |
her |
to swim? |
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8 |
She can't bear |
you |
to be unhappy. |
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9 |
Did he mean |
us |
to know? |
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10 |
We should prefer |
them |
to come next week. |
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11 |
The rain caused |
the weeds |
to grow fast. |
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12 |
They warned |
me |
not to be late. |
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13 |
The officer ordered |
his men |
to advance. |
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14 |
Did you advise |
your brother |
to accept the offer? |
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15 |
They led |
me |
to believe that there was no danger. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
there to be + существительное (с определением) |
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1 |
You wouldn't want |
there to be another war. |
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2 |
I don't want |
there to be any trouble. |
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3 |
Would you like |
there to be a meeting to discuss the question? |
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4 |
He meant |
there to be no disobedience. |
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5 |
We should hate |
there to be any trouble. |
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6 |
I should prefer |
there to be no public discussion of my affairs. |
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7 |
I expect |
there to be no argument about this. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
to be + присвязочное слово |
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1 |
Most people supposed |
him |
(to be) innocent. |
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2 |
They proved |
him |
(to be) wrong. |
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3 |
Do you think |
him |
(to be) a good worker? |
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4 |
I consider |
what he said |
(to be) unimportant(of little importance). |
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5 |
I have always found |
Smith |
(to be) friendly(a good friend, of a friendly disposition). |
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6 |
Do you believe |
such inquiries |
(to be) useful? |
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7 |
All the neighbours upposed |
her |
to be a widow. |
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8 |
They have proved |
themselves |
(to be) worthy of promotion. |
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9 |
Everyone reported |
him |
(to be) the best man for the job. |
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10 |
I should guess |
her |
to be about fifty. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
to be+ присвязочное слово |
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11 |
Не declared |
himself |
to be a member of the Roman Catholic Church. |
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12 |
We all felt (saw) |
the plan |
to be unwise. |
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13 |
We believe |
it |
to have been a mistake. |
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14 |
Do you deny |
this |
to have been the case? |
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15 |
They knew |
the man |
to have been a spy. |
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16 |
I judged |
him |
to be about fifty. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
It |
Присвязочное слово |
Придаточное предложение, инфинитивный оборот, герундиальный оборот |
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1 |
Do you think |
it |
odd |
that I should live by myself? |
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2 |
I think |
it |
a pity |
(that) you didn't try harder. |
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3 |
We all thought |
it |
wrong |
that they should be wasted. |
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4 |
We all consider |
it |
wrong |
to cheat in examinations. |
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5 |
Don't you think |
it |
unwise |
to climb the mountain without a guide? |
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6 |
Don't you think |
it |
prudent |
to wait until you can get a guide? |
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7 |
I think |
it |
a pity |
to waste them. |
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8 |
They considered |
it |
a great compliment |
for the President to visit them. |
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9 |
Everyone thought |
it |
most foolish |
for you to climb the mountain alone. |
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10 |
We think |
it |
most dangerous |
your climbing the mountain alone. |
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11 |
I count |
it |
an honour |
to serve you. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Инфинитив (+...) |
|
1 |
Watch |
that boy |
jump! |
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2 |
Did you see |
him |
go out? |
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3 |
Did anyone hear |
John |
leave the house? |
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4 |
We felt |
the house |
shake. |
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5 |
I like to hear |
her |
sing. |
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6 |
Did you notice |
anyone |
come in? |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Инфинитив (+...) . |
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1 2 3 4 |
They made What makes Let We can't let |
me you me the matter |
do it. think so? go. rest here. |
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5 6 7 |
I will let Shall I help He bade |
you you the attendants |
have news. carry that box? leave the hall. |
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8 |
I have never known |
him |
behave so badly before. |
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9 10 |
Have you ever known I have known |
her educated persons |
lose her temper? make this mistake. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Инфинитив (+ ...) |
|
1 |
I will (would) have |
you |
know that... |
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2 |
What would you have |
me |
do? |
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3 |
Would you have |
me |
believe that? |
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4 |
You wouldn't have |
me |
do that, would you? |
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5 |
He would have had |
her |
believe that he was penniless. |
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6 |
She likes to have |
the house. |
look clean and tidy. |
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7 |
We like to have |
our friends |
come to stay with us. |
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8 |
I had |
a most extra ordinary thing |
happen to me. |
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9 |
Please have |
the porter |
carry these boxes up to my room. |
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Эта таблица включает глаголы физического восприятия. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle) |
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1 |
I saw |
the thief |
running away. |
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2 |
We watched |
the train |
steaming past. |
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3 |
I heard |
him |
giving orders. |
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4 |
Can you smell |
something |
burning? |
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5 |
She could feel |
her heart |
beating wildly. |
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6 |
Did you notice |
anyone |
standing near the door? |
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7 |
We listened to |
the band |
playing in the park. |
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8 |
Just look at |
the rain |
coming down! |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle) |
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1 |
I found |
him |
working at his desk. |
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2 |
We mustn't keep |
them |
waiting. |
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3 |
They left |
me |
waiting outside. |
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4 |
The news left |
me |
wondering what would happen next. |
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5 |
This set |
me |
thinking. |
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6 |
Don't let me catch |
you |
doing that again. |
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7 |
I caught |
him |
stealing apples from my garden. |
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8 |
Please start |
the clock |
going. |
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9 |
You had better start |
the engine |
running. |
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10 |
We'll soon get |
things |
going. |
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11 |
Keep |
the ball |
rolling. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle) |
|
1 |
I can't have |
you |
doing that. |
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2 |
We can't have. |
them |
wasting their time in this way. |
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3 |
We shall soon have |
the mists |
rising. |
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4 |
He soon had |
them all |
laughing. |
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5 |
I'll have |
you all |
speaking fluent English within a year. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Прилагательное |
|
1 |
Can you push |
the door |
open? |
|
2 |
She flung |
alt the windows |
open. |
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3 |
We had to break |
the trunk |
open. |
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4 |
The cat licked |
the saucer |
clean. |
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5 |
The Governor set |
the prisoners |
free. |
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6 |
We hammered (beat) |
it |
flat.. |
|
7 |
The cold weather is turning |
the leaves |
yellow. |
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8 |
She boiled |
the egg |
hard. |
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9 |
The pain drove |
her |
almost mad. |
|
10 |
You've made |
your shoes |
muddy. |
|
11 |
He slit |
the envelope |
open. |
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12 |
They beat |
the poor boy |
black and blue. |
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13 |
The sun keeps |
us |
warm. |
|
14 |
You'd better pack |
the dresses |
flat. |
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15 |
Open |
your mouth |
wide. |
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16 |
Raise |
your head |
higher. |
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17 |
Don't make |
yourself |
ill. |
|
18 |
He shouted |
himself |
hoarse. |
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19 |
The blister on my heel made |
walking |
painful. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Прилагательное |
|
1 |
I found |
the box |
empty. |
|
2 |
He likes |
his coffee |
strong. |
|
3 |
I want |
everything |
ready by seven o'clock. |
|
4 |
I hope I see |
you |
well. |
|
5 |
I shall hold |
you |
responsible. |
|
6 |
He wished |
himself |
dead. |
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Предикативный член (существительное Или придаточное предложение) |
|
1 |
They made |
Newton |
President of the Royal Society. |
|
2 |
They wanted to crown |
Caesar |
king. |
|
3 |
They elected |
Mr. Grey |
(as) chairman. |
|
4 |
We appointed |
him |
manager. |
|
5 |
He has made |
the company |
what it is today. |
|
6 |
They nominated |
him |
President. |
|
7 |
They have named they call |
the baby it |
Richard but Dick. |
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8 |
They named |
the ship |
"Queen Mary". |
|
9 |
Call |
it |
what you will. |
|
10 |
They found (they) left |
the place it |
a prosperous village and a ruin. |
|
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие (Past Participle) |
|
1 |
He couldn't make |
his voice |
heard. |
|
2 |
He made |
his influence |
felt. |
|
3 |
You must make |
yourself |
respected. |
|
4 |
I heard |
my name |
called. |
|
5 |
We found |
the house |
deserted. |
|
6 |
Have you ever heard |
this opera |
sung in Italian? |
|
7 |
I want |
this work |
finished quickly. |
|
8 |
He had seen |
towns |
destroyed by bombing. |
|
9 |
He felt |
himself |
lifted up. |
|
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Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие (Past Participle) |
|
1 |
I must get |
my hair |
cut. |
|
2 |
We shall have |
the house |
painted. . |
|
3 |
Where did you have (get) |
your cards |
printed? |
|
4 |
You had better have |
that tooth |
pulled out. |
|
5 |
We must have (get) |
it |
seen to. |
|
6 |
They will have |
you |
put in prison. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Причастие (Past Participle) |
|
1 |
She has had |
her handbag |
stolen. |
|
2 |
The General had |
two horses |
shot under him. |
|
3 |
King Charles 1 had |
his head |
cut off. |
|
4 |
The soldier had |
his left leg |
amputated. |
|
5 |
Some of the houses had, |
their windows |
broken by the explosion. |
|
6 |
We have had |
our house |
broken into by thieves. |
|
7 |
We have |
the enemy |
almost surrounded. |
|
8 |
They have |
scarcely any money |
saved for their-old age. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Наречие |
|
1 |
Put |
your hat |
on. |
|
2 |
Take |
your coat |
off. |
|
3 |
Lock |
this |
up. |
|
4 |
Don't lock |
yourself |
out. |
|
5 |
Send |
them |
back. |
|
6 |
Have you given |
it |
away? |
|
7 |
Bring |
her |
in. |
|
8 |
Take |
the dog |
out. |
|
9 |
The bus knocked |
him |
down. |
|
10 |
I can't get |
this nail |
out. |
|
11 |
You should wind |
it |
up. |
|
12 |
They laughed (shouted) |
the man |
down. |
|
13 |
Have you packed |
them |
up? |
|
14 |
I hope you'll back |
them |
up. |
|
15 |
The child picked |
itself |
up. |
|
16 |
Take |
yourself |
off! |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Наречие |
Существительное (с определяющими словами) |
|
1 |
Put |
on |
your other hat. |
|
2 |
Take |
off |
your overcoat. |
|
3 |
We must lock |
up |
the house. |
|
4 |
He gave |
away |
every penny he had. |
|
5 |
You should put |
on |
the warmest clothes you have. |
|
6 |
Please bring |
in |
those chairs that are in the garden. |
|
7 |
She cleaned |
out |
every room in the house. |
|
8 |
Don't throw |
away |
anything that might be useful. |
|
9 |
She put |
on |
an air of innocence. |
|
10 |
You've brought |
about |
my ruin. |
|
11 |
He has brought |
about |
great reforms. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Обстоятельственное слово или выражение |
|
1 |
Please put |
the book |
on the table. |
|
2 |
Shall we carry |
the box |
upstairs? |
|
3 |
Don't throw |
it |
out of the window. |
|
4 |
We took |
the children |
for a walk. |
|
5 |
The servant showed |
me |
to the door. |
|
6 |
I found |
the book |
under the desk. |
|
7 |
He regards |
me |
as a good friend. |
|
8 |
I look upon |
him |
as a good friend. |
|
9 |
They engaged |
Rebecca |
as governess. |
|
10 |
We can employ |
you |
as a clerk. |
|
11 |
They chose |
Mr. Brown |
as chairman. |
|
12 |
We followed |
them |
(for) five miles. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Инфинитив с частицей to, придаточное предложение |
|
1 |
I sent |
Тоm |
to buy some stamps. |
|
2 |
Не brought |
his brother |
to see me. |
|
3 |
Не took |
the medicine |
to please his wife. |
|
4 |
I shall need |
only an hour |
to finish the job. |
|
5 |
You must do |
what the doctor tells you |
in order to get well again. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Инфинитив с частицей to, придаточное предложение |
|
6 |
I did |
it |
to please my wife. |
|
7 |
I don't know |
her |
to speak to. |
|
8 9 10 11 |
We make He opened They left Take |
our shoes the door me this book |
to last. for the cat to go out. to do all the work. to read during the journey. |
|
12 13 |
They appointed Make |
an official the shoes |
to superintend the work. so that they will keep out water. |
|
14 15 |
You mustn't treat We found |
her the books |
as if she were a servant. where we had left them. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Придаточное предложение с союзом that |
|
1 |
I suppose |
(that) you will be there. |
|
2 |
I wish |
you wouldn't interrupt. |
|
3 |
We all hope |
(that) you'll be able to come. |
|
4 |
Do you think |
it will rain? |
|
5 |
She suggested |
that we should'start, early. |
|
6 |
He intended |
that you should be invited. |
|
7 |
I expect |
he'll be late. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Придаточное предложение с союзом that |
|
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 |
I daresay He said The telegram says We saw We felt I hear Do you doubt We feared |
it's all right. he was busy. that they have reached Rome. that the plan would fail. that you would like to know. (that) you've been ill. that I can do it? lest he should fall. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Косвенное дополнение с предлогом to |
Придаточное предложение с союзом that |
|
1 |
He admitted |
to his employer |
that he had made a mistake. |
|
2 |
Не confessed |
to her |
that he had spent all his money. |
|
3 |
I suggested |
to them |
that it might be better to wait. |
|
4 |
We explained |
to everyone present |
that the delay was inevit able. |
|
5 |
She said |
to him |
that... |
|
|
So |
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
so/not |
|
1 2 |
So So |
I see (notice, believe, hear). I said (hoped, thought, supposed, noticed, heard). |
|
|
3 4 5 |
So |
I've heard (seen, noticed). I believe (expect, hope, think, say, suppose) We believe (hope, suppose, expect, think) |
so. not. so. |
|
6 |
|
I don't think (I didn't say) |
|
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Придаточное предложение с союзом that |
|
1 |
Did he warn |
you |
that he might be late? |
|
2 |
They told |
me |
that I was too early. |
|
3 |
Remind |
him |
that the meeting is on Friday. |
|
4 |
We informed |
the manager |
that we were willing to work overtime. |
|
5 |
Has this accident taught |
you |
that driving at eighty miles an hour dangerous? |
|
6 |
We satisfied |
ourselves |
that all the doors and windows were secure. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Союзное слово. + инфинитив (+...) |
|
1 |
I wonder |
how to get there. |
|
2 |
Do you know |
how to do it? |
|
3 |
I forget |
where to turn off the main road. |
|
4 |
She didn't know |
which one to buy. |
|
5 |
I don't see |
how to stop him. |
|
6 |
He didn't know |
whether to go on or turn back. |
|
7 |
We must find out |
what to do next. |
|
8 |
Do you know |
what to look for? |
|
9 |
Remember |
when to turn. |
|
10 |
I'll inquire |
how to get there. |
|
11 |
Have you settled |
where to go? |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Союзное слово + инфинитив |
|
1 |
I showed |
them |
how to do it. |
|
2 |
Please tell |
me |
which to take. |
|
3 |
They told |
the girl |
where to start. |
|
4 |
Will you advise |
me |
which to buy? |
|
5 |
Show |
him |
where to put it. |
|
6 |
Аsk |
your teacher |
how to pronounce the word. |
|
7 |
Please infom |
me |
where to get tickets. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Относительное слово + придаточное дополнительное |
|
.1 |
Nobody will believe |
how difficult this work has been. |
|
2 |
I wonder |
why he hasn't come. |
|
3 |
Please say |
where you want to go. |
|
4 |
Nobody knows. |
whose it is. |
|
5 |
I wonder |
what it is. |
|
6 |
I can't imagine |
why she left without saying good bye. |
|
7 |
The tribunal has to decide |
(the question) who the land belongs to. |
|
8 |
The captain decides |
who shall play in the team. |
|
9 |
We were deliberating |
whether we should go. |
|
10 |
Can you suggest |
where this should be put? |
|
11 |
Few people know |
how hard he works. |
|
12 |
I don't know |
how many there are. |
|
13 |
I will ask |
when the train leaves. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Относительное слово + придаточное предложение |
|
1 2 3 4 |
Tell Ask Can you inform Please advise |
me him me us |
what this is. where he put it. whether this train stops at Luton. whether these seeds should be sown now. |
|
5 6 7 |
She asked Can you tell Everyone told |
her brother me us |
when he would be back. how high it is. how well you played. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Герундий |
|
1 |
Please stop |
talking. |
|
2 |
Has it stopped |
raining yet? |
|
3 |
Has it left off |
raining, yet? |
|
4 |
Have you finished |
talking? |
|
5 |
Please excuse |
my being so late. |
|
6 |
We must go on |
working. |
|
7 |
She enjoys |
playing tennis. |
|
8 |
I shall never forget |
hearing you sing. |
|
9. |
I remember |
doing it. |
|
10 |
Don't give up |
trying. |
|
11 |
The boy went on |
looking for the money he had lost. |
|
12 |
She couldn't help |
laughing. |
|
13 |
Would you mind |
coming earlier next time? |
|
14 |
Do you mind |
my staying out late? |
|
15 |
You should practise |
playing the piano regularly. |
|
16 |
Why don't you stop |
smoking? |
|
17 |
Try |
cleaning it with petrol. |
|
|
Подлежащее + глагол |
Герундий |
|
1 |
She likes |
swimming. |
|
2 |
He began |
talking. |
|
3 4 |
Don't start She loves |
borrowing money. going to the cinema. |
|
5 |
I hate |
refusing every time. |
|
6 7 |
I hate He prefers You must continue |
having to refuse every time. staying indoors during the cold weather. making efforts. |
|
9 10 |
She can't bear He can't endure |
seeing the children cold and hungry. being disturbed in his work. |
|
I regret not having worked harder at school. (ГК 17) |
} |
Я сожалею, что не работал усерднее в школе. |
|
I regret that I didn't work harder at school. (ГК 11) |
|
|
|
I regret having followed his advice. |
} |
Я сожалею, что последовал его совету. |
|
I regret that I followed his advice. |
|
|
|
I regret to inform you that... |
} |
Сожалею, что вынужден сообщить вам... (С сожалением (прискорбием) сообщаю вам, что...) |
|
I regret to have to inform you that... |
|
|
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Герундий (+...) |
|
1 2 3 4 5 |
My shoes want Your work needs He will need His language won't bear It won't bear |
mending. correcting. looking after. repeating. thinking of. |
|
Не can't bear (=endure) being disturbed. |
} |
Он не выносит, чтобы его беспокоили. |
|
He can't bear (=endure) to be disturbed. |
|
|
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Предлог to |
Дополнение (существительное или местоимение) |
|
1 |
He read |
the letter |
to |
all his friends. |
|
2 |
He offered |
some |
to |
everyone in the room. |
|
3 |
Не sold |
his car |
to |
a man from Leeds. |
|
4 |
I still owe |
money |
to |
my tailor. |
|
5 |
I don't lend |
my books |
to |
anybody. |
|
6 |
Please pass |
this note |
to |
the man in the corner. |
|
7 |
He promised |
the money |
to |
me, not (to) you. |
|
8 |
Please take |
these books |
to |
your brother. |
|
9 |
Will you hand |
this letter |
to |
the secretary of the society? |
|
10 |
They told |
the news |
to |
everybody in the village. |
|
11 |
Don't show |
the letter |
to |
any of your friends. |
|
12 |
I have written |
letters |
to |
most of my old pupils. |
|
13 |
Bring |
the box |
to |
me, not (to) my brother. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Предлог for |
Дополнение (существительное или местоимение) |
|
1 2 |
She bought Have you left |
a dictionary any food |
for for |
her brother. the other members of the party? |
|
3 4 |
She has made Will you cook |
coffee these eggs |
for for |
all of us. Mrs. Grey and her children? |
|
5 6 7 |
She ordered Please save We must choose |
a new dress some presents |
for for for |
herself. your sister. your brothers and sisters. |
|
Please reach my hat for me. (ГК 18) Please reach me my hat. (ГК 19) |
} |
Пожалуйста, достаньте мою шляпу. |
|
He made up a parcel of books for me.(ГК 18) He made me up a parcel of books. (ГК 19) |
} |
Он упаковал мне (для меня) пачку книг. |
|
Won't you play a Beethoven sonata for me? (ГК 18) Won't you play me a Beethoven sonata? (ГК 19) |
} |
Не сыграете ли вы мне (для меня) сонату Бетховена? |
|
Can you cash this cheque for me? (ГК 18) Can you cash me a cheque? (ГК 19) |
} |
Вы можете выдать мне деньги по (этому) чеку? (Могу я получить у вас деньги по этому чеку?) |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Существительное или местоимение |
Предлог |
Дополнение (существительное или местоимение) |
|
1 |
We congratulated |
him |
on |
his success. |
|
2 |
They accused |
her a lot |
of |
taking the money. |
|
3 |
He spends |
of money |
on |
books. |
|
4 |
I have spent |
a lot of time |
on |
this question. |
|
5 |
Don't waste |
your time |
on |
useless things. |
|
6 |
What prevented |
you |
from |
coming earlier? |
|
7 |
Thank |
you |
for |
your kind help. |
|
8 |
I must remind |
him |
about |
it. |
|
9 |
She reminds |
me |
of |
her mother. |
|
10 |
That reminds |
me |
of |
how I once won a competition. |
|
11 |
Excuse |
me |
for |
being late. |
|
12 |
I explained |
my difficulty |
to |
him. |
|
13 |
Add |
this |
to |
what you already have. |
|
14 |
Compare |
the copy |
with |
the original. |
|
15 |
He compared |
the heart |
to |
a pump. |
|
16 |
Who will protect |
us |
from |
the enemy? |
|
17 |
Please keep |
this |
for |
me. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Предлог |
Существительное или местоимение |
Прямое дополнение |
|
1 |
I explained |
to |
him |
the impossibility of granting his request. |
|
2 |
We heard |
from |
Jones |
all about his sister's escape. |
|
3 |
Add |
to |
the examples you already have |
those I have written on the blackboard. |
|
4 |
She expressed |
to |
her husband. |
her conviction that economy was essential. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
it |
Предлог |
Существительное или местоимение |
Прямое дополнение |
|
1 |
I must leave |
it |
to |
your own judge ment |
to decide whether you should come or not. |
|
2 |
We owe |
it |
to |
society |
to help in the apprehension of criminals. |
|
3 |
He owes |
it |
to |
his father's influence |
that the Committee appointed him to the position. |
|
4 |
You mustn't take |
it |
upon |
yourself |
to spend such large sums of money without getting the Treasurer's approval. |
|
5 |
I put |
it |
to |
you |
whether this man could have acted in such a cruel way. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Косвенное дополнение |
Прямое дополнение |
|
1 |
Have they paid |
you, |
the money? |
|
2 |
Will you lend |
me |
your pen? |
|
3 |
He handed |
her |
the letter. |
|
4 |
Please pass |
me |
the salt. |
|
5 |
Will you send |
her |
some? |
|
6 |
Won't you tell |
us |
a story? |
|
7 |
Did it cause |
you |
much trouble? |
|
8 |
The pupils wished |
their teacher |
"Good morning". |
|
9 |
The teacher gave |
them |
an English lesson. |
|
10 |
He denies |
her |
nothing. |
|
11 |
Show |
me |
your hands. |
|
12 |
I will read |
you |
the letter. |
|
13 |
You must write |
her |
a letter. |
|
14 |
Please throw |
me |
that magazine. |
|
15 |
I never gave |
the matter |
a thought. |
|
16 |
Don't give |
it |
a second thought. |
|
17 |
Don't give |
yourself |
airs. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Косвенное дополнение |
Прямое дополнение |
|
1 |
Will you buy |
me |
some? |
|
2 |
Did you leave |
me |
any? |
|
3 |
She made |
herself |
a new dress. |
|
4 |
He ordered |
himself |
a good dinner. |
|
5 |
We must choose |
Mary |
a good birthday present. |
|
6 |
His parents chose |
him |
a sensible but plain looking wife. |
|
7 |
Can you get |
me |
a copy of that book? |
|
8 |
She cooked |
her husband |
a pound of sausages. |
|
9 |
Will you do |
me |
a favour? |
|
10 |
You should get . |
yourself |
a new hat. |
|
11 |
Will you reach |
me |
my hat? |
|
12 |
Can you spare |
me |
a few minutes of your valuable time? |
|
|
Подлежащее + личныйглагол |
Местоимение или существительное |
Существительное или местоимение |
|
1 |
We asked |
him |
several questions... |
|
2 |
Ask |
him |
his name. |
|
3 |
I envy |
you |
your fine garden. |
|
4 |
That will save |
me |
a lot of trouble. |
|
5 |
Can't I save |
you |
the trouble of doing that? |
|
6 |
I struck |
the door |
a heavy blow. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Косвенное дополнение (без предлога) |
Обстоятельство |
|
1 |
We walked |
|
(for) five miles. |
|
2 |
He has travelled |
|
thousands of miles. |
|
3 |
They had come |
|
a long way. |
|
4 |
Have you ridden |
|
far? |
|
5 |
The forests stretch |
|
(for) hundreds of miles, |
|
6 |
He fell |
|
fifty feet. |
|
7 |
The soldiers marched |
|
a long way. |
|
'8 |
The rain lasted |
|
all day. . |
|
9 |
We waited |
|
(for) two hours. |
|
10 |
The meeting lasted |
|
(for) two hours. |
|
11 |
He may live |
|
(for) many years yet. |
|
12 |
Have you been working |
|
a long time? |
|
13 |
The play ran |
|
(for) more than a hundred nights. |
|
14 |
Won't you stay |
|
(for) the night? |
|
15 |
The book costs |
|
ten shillings. |
|
16 |
The book cost |
(me) |
ten shillings. |
|
17 18 |
The baby weighs The thermometer rose |
|
nine pounds. ten degrees. |
|
19 20 |
The temperature fell The work took |
(them) |
several degrees. three hours. |
|
21 |
These shoes will last |
(you) |
two or three years. |
|
22 23 |
It will last The desk measures |
(the owner) |
a lifetime. four feet by two feet. |
|
|
Подлежащее |
Личный глагол |
|
1 |
We all |
breathe, eat, and drink. |
|
2 |
The sun |
was shining. |
|
3 |
The moon |
rose. |
|
4 |
Fire |
burns. |
|
5 |
Fishes |
swim. |
|
6 |
Nothing |
matters. |
|
7 |
Who |
cares? |
|
8 |
It |
was raining. |
|
9 |
What I said |
does not matter. |
|
10 |
(Men pass away but) the universe |
remains. |
|
|
There+личный глагол |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
There was |
no wind. |
|
2 |
There won't be |
enough time. |
|
3 |
There's |
no doubt about it. |
|
4 |
There have been |
many such incidents. |
|
5 |
There is |
no time for 'us to visit the Museum now. |
|
6 |
There is |
a man to see you. |
|
7 |
There entered |
a strange-looking little man. |
|
8 |
There was |
every reason for him to be satisfied. |
|
9 |
There's |
no denying the fact that... |
|
10 |
There was |
much foolish talking. |
|
11 |
There's |
no getting over it. |
|
12 |
There is |
a map on page five. |
|
13 |
There was |
very little work done that day, |
|
|
It + личный глагол |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
It doesn't matter |
whether we start now or later. |
|
2 |
Does it matter |
when we start? |
|
3 |
It seems |
(that) Mr. White is heavily in debt. |
|
4 |
It would seem |
that Mr. Grey wants to retire. |
|
5 |
It seemed |
that the day would never end. |
|
6 |
It (so) happened |
that I was out of London at the time. |
|
7 |
It (so) chanced |
that we were out when she called. |
|
8 |
It seems (to me) |
you're not really interested in the question. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
|
1 |
This is |
a book. |
|
2 |
His father is |
a lawyer. |
|
3 |
That house is |
the doctor's. |
|
4 |
That box is |
mine. |
|
5 |
What is |
that? |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
|
6 |
Who is |
she? |
|
7 |
It is |
I (me). |
|
8 |
The total' is |
seventy-three. |
|
9 |
It was |
dark. |
|
10 |
Seeing is |
believing.. |
|
11 |
That will be |
enough. |
|
12 |
Is this |
the first time? |
|
13 |
We were |
ready to start. |
|
14 |
These shoes are |
just the right size. |
|
15 |
The two boys are |
exactly the same weight. |
|
16 |
The statue will be |
life-size. |
|
17 |
That he will refuse is |
impossible. |
|
18 |
Whether he will agree is |
another question. |
|
19 |
The trouble is |
that we are short of money. |
|
20 |
Is this |
what you are looking for? |
|
21 |
What surprised me most was |
that they were so cheerful about their loss. |
|
22 |
Everything is |
as it should be. |
|
23 |
This is |
where I work. |
|
24 |
Everything was |
just as we had left it. |
|
|
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
|
25 |
What price |
is that article? |
|
26 |
What |
are cabbages today? |
|
27 |
What age |
is he? |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Наречие или предложный оборот |
|
1 |
Thе war is |
over. |
|
2 |
Evrithing is |
at an end between them. |
|
3 |
She is |
in good. health. |
|
4 |
Is he |
in love? |
|
5 |
We were all |
out of breath. |
|
6 |
Are these boats |
for hire? |
|
7 |
Are you |
in a hurry? |
|
8 |
The fruit is |
far from ripe. |
|
9 |
Evervthing else is |
of-no account. |
|
10 |
At last we were |
at liberty. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Наречие или предложный оборот |
|
11 |
The book is |
beyond me. |
|
12 |
Is he |
of age? |
|
13 14 |
We are not The teacher was |
otit of danger yet. in a bad temper. |
|
15 |
The mare is |
in foal. |
|
16 17 18 |
It is Everything is The machine is |
of no importance. in good order. out of order. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Инфинитив (+...) |
|
1 |
This house is |
to let. |
|
2 |
The worst is |
still to come. |
|
3 |
What's |
to pay? |
|
4 |
Who is |
to blame? |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка be |
Инфинитив (+...) |
|
5 |
The causes are not far |
to seek. |
|
6 |
You are |
to be congratulated. |
|
7 |
My aim was |
to help you. |
|
8 |
To know her is |
to like her. |
|
9 |
To know all is |
to forgive all. |
|
|
Предваряющее it + личный глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
It is |
easy |
to do that. |
|
2 |
It was |
useless |
to try. |
|
3 |
It will be |
wiser |
to drive slowly. |
|
4 |
It's |
a pity |
to waste it. |
|
5 |
It would be |
a mistake |
to ignore his advice. |
|
|
Предваряющее глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
.It's |
no use |
your trying to do that. |
|
2 |
It's |
no good |
hoping for their help. |
|
3 |
It won't be |
much good |
complaining to the authorities. |
|
4 |
It wouldn't be |
any good |
my talking to him. |
|
5 |
It's |
no use |
crving over spilt milk. |
|
6 |
It wasn't |
much use |
my pretending that I didn't know the rules. |
|
7 |
It was |
a difficult |
|
|
8 |
It's |
business foolish |
getting everything ready in time. behaving like that. |
|
|
Предваряющее it + личный глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
It was |
a pity |
(that) you couldn't come. |
|
2 |
It was |
unfortunate |
that the weather was so wet. |
|
3 |
It's |
strange |
that he should have said that. |
|
4 |
It's |
splendid news |
that you have won the scholar ship. |
|
5 |
It's |
likely |
that there will be rain before evening. |
|
6 |
It's |
a mystery |
how the burglars got into the house. |
|
7 |
It was |
curious |
how often one saw them together. |
|
8 |
It's |
doubtful. |
whether he will be able to come. |
|
9 |
Is it |
possible |
that he misunderstood what I said? |
|
10 |
Is it |
true |
that he is going to retire next year? |
|
11 |
It's |
a wonder |
you weren't all killed! |
|
12 |
It will be |
a great day |
when you .are promoted to be managing director. |
|
13 |
Is it |
a fact |
that you're going to be married? |
|
14 |
It's |
a mystery |
why all our attempts have been unsuccessful. |
|
15 |
It was |
a good thing |
(that) you reached home before the storm broke. |
|
16 |
It was |
obvious |
that he didn't intend to help us. |
|
|
Предваряющее it + личный глагол-связка be |
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
It was |
hard |
for him to live on his small pension. |
|
2 |
Is it |
easy |
for a rich widow to .find a handsome husband? |
|
3 |
It was |
unusual |
for Victorian ladies to earn their own living. |
|
4 |
It was |
the rule |
for men and women to sit apart. |
|
5 |
It is |
no uncommon thing |
for her husband to be away from home for weeks at a time. |
|
6 |
Isn't it |
wrong |
for the neighbours to gossip about us in that cruel way? |
|
7 |
It's |
impossible |
for our two countries ever to quarrel. |
|
8 |
It's |
impossible |
for there to be a war between your country and mine. |
|
9 |
Is it |
the custom |
for young people to give up their seats to old people in. crowded buses in your country? |
|
10 |
It's |
difficult |
for anyone to be angry with her. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка |
Именная часть сказуемого |
|
1 |
He seemed |
surprised at the news. |
|
2 |
Не seemed |
much older. |
|
3 |
This seems (to be) |
an important point. |
|
4 |
The situation seemed (to us) |
quite hopeless. |
|
5 |
This appears to be |
the only exception to the rule. |
|
6 |
To me his new book does not appear (to be) |
so good as, his earlier book on this subject. |
|
7 |
I seem (to be) |
unable to solve this problem. |
|
8 |
He seemed |
unable to get out of the habit. |
|
|
Предваряющее it + личный глагол-связка |
Именная часть сказуемого |
Подлежащее |
|
1 |
It seemed |
useless |
to go on. |
|
2 |
It seems |
a pity |
not to use it. |
|
3 |
It seemed (to me) |
a bold plan |
to advance against such strong opposition. |
|
4 |
It doesn't seem |
much good |
going on. |
|
5 |
It appears |
unlikely |
that we shall arrive in time. |
|
6 |
It doesn't, seem |
much use |
for us. to try to catch the two o'clock train. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол-связка |
Именная часть сказуемого |
|
1 |
The leaves are turning |
brown. |
|
2 |
The dinner smells |
good. |
|
3 |
Why is he looking |
angry? |
|
4 |
He is growing |
aid. |
|
5 |
Silk feels |
soft and smooth. |
|
6 |
This sentence doesn't sound |
right. |
|
7 |
She married |
young. |
|
8 |
Everything looks |
different. |
|
9 |
Please keep |
quiet. |
|
10 |
The door blew |
open. |
|
11 |
The fire has burnt |
low. |
|
12 |
He shammed |
dead. |
|
13 |
He fell |
in love. |
|
14 |
One of the tigers broke |
loose. |
|
15 |
He went |
mad. |
|
16 |
Your dreams may come |
true. |
|
17 |
He still remains |
poor. |
|
18 |
The city lies |
sleeping.. |
|
19 |
The birds came |
hopping round my window. |
|
|
(Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Наречие или обстоятельственное выражение |
|
1 |
Come. |
in. |
|
2 |
Stand |
up. |
|
3 |
We must turn |
back. |
|
4 |
She went |
upstairs. |
|
5 |
He arrived |
home late. |
|
6 |
We didn't go |
anywhere last week. |
|
7 |
We talked |
face to face. |
|
8 |
They were fighting |
tooth and nail. |
|
9 |
The books were lying |
on the floor. |
|
10 |
It looks |
like rain. |
|
11 |
I will live |
a bachelor. |
|
12 |
He works |
hard. |
|
13 |
It looks |
as if it were going to snow. |
|
14 |
He looks |
as though he had seen a ghost. |
|
15 |
He behaves (acts) |
as if he owned the place. |
|
16 |
This old umbrella has stood me |
in good stead. |
|
|
There + личный глагол + подлежащее |
Обстоятельства |
|
1 |
There are three windows |
in this room. |
|
2 |
There are some boys |
at the door. |
|
3 |
There comes an end |
to all things. |
|
4 |
Are there many apples. |
on your trees this year? |
|
5 |
There are many churches |
there. |
|
|
Here/There |
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
|
1 |
Here |
they come! |
|
2 |
Here |
it is! |
|
3 |
There |
she goes! |
|
4 |
There |
they come! |
|
5 |
Here |
you are! |
|
|
Личный глагол + подлежащее |
|
|
6 |
Here |
's your book! |
|
7 |
There |
comes the station bus! |
|
8 |
Here |
are the papers you've been looking for! |
|
9 |
There |
are the other members of the party! |
|
10 |
There |
are the others! |
|
11 |
Here |
's the one you want! |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Предлог |
Дополнение |
|
1 |
You can rely |
upon |
that man. |
|
2 |
You can rely |
upon |
his discretion. |
|
3 |
You can rely |
upon |
his being discreet. |
|
4 |
Can I count |
on |
your help? |
|
5 |
The success of the picnic will depend |
on |
the weather. |
|
6 |
.He succeeded |
in |
solving the problem. |
|
7 |
Do you believe |
in |
getting up early? |
|
8 |
He failed |
in . |
his examinations. |
|
9 |
They all longed |
for |
the holidays. |
|
10 |
You needn't wait |
for |
me. |
|
11 |
This belongs |
to |
me. |
|
12 |
Have you decided |
upon |
a career yet? |
|
13 |
Listen |
to |
what I have to say. |
|
14 |
What had happened |
to |
them? |
|
15 |
He aimed |
at |
the tiger. |
|
16 |
He consented |
to |
the proposal. |
|
17 |
We agreed |
upon |
a plan. |
|
18 |
Would you care |
for |
one of these? |
|
19 |
She complained |
of |
the heat.. |
|
Не is a man I can rely on. (Разговорная речь) Не is a man upon whom I can rely... (Деловой стиль) |
} |
Он человек, на которого я могу положиться. |
|
What was the proposal you consented to? (Разговорная речь) What was the proposal to which you consented? (Деловой стиль) |
} |
На какое предложение вы согласились? |
|
The proposal he consented to... (Разговорная речь) The proposal to which he consented... (Деловой стиль) |
} |
(Предложение, на которое он согласился... |
|
Заметьте также порядок слов в следующих простых предложениях: |
||
|
You have nothing to complain of. (Разговорная речь) You have nothing of which to complain. (Деловой стиль) |
} |
Вам. не на что жаловаться. |
|
|
Подлежащее + - личный глагол |
Предлог |
"Accusative + Infinitive" |
|
1 |
I rely |
upon |
you to be discreet. |
|
2 |
Can I count |
on |
all of you to help? |
|
3 |
Everyone was longing |
for |
the term to end and the holidays to begin. |
|
4 |
I will arrange |
for |
a taxi to meet you at the station. |
|
5 |
We're waiting |
for |
John to arrive. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Предлог |
"Accusative + Infinitive" |
|
6 |
She always so much wished |
for |
everyone to be happy. |
|
7 |
He pushed the glasses along the counter and nodded |
for |
them to be refilled. |
|
8 |
We have fixed |
for |
the meeting to be held on Friday. |
|
9 |
I shall vote |
for |
you to captain the First Eleven. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
(Предлог) |
(it) |
Придаточное дополнительное с союзом that |
|
1 |
I agree |
|
|
that it was a mistake. |
|
2 |
He complained |
|
|
that he had been underpaid. |
|
3 |
He insists |
|
|
that he was nowhere near the scene of the crime. |
|
4 |
He rejoiced |
|
|
that he had won the first prize. |
|
5 |
I will see |
(to |
it) |
that everything is ready in time. |
|
6 |
Can you swear |
(to |
it) |
that the accused, man was at your house all Friday evening? |
|
7 |
You may depend |
upon |
it |
that every member of the Committee will support your proposal. |
|
8 |
He insisted |
(upon |
it) |
that he was innocent. |
|
9 |
He boasted |
|
|
that no one had ever beaten him at chess. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
(Предлог) |
Придаточное предложение (оборот) |
|
1 |
Have you decided |
(upon) |
where you will spend the holidays? |
|
2 |
Have you decided |
(upon) |
where to put the piano? |
|
3 |
Everything depends |
on |
whether you pass the examination. |
|
4 |
I don't care |
|
whether he approves or isapproves. |
|
5 |
I don't care |
about |
where you go. |
|
6 |
Don't worry |
|
how the money was spent. |
|
7 |
They couldn't agree |
about |
who should do the work. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитив с частицей to |
|
1 |
We stopped |
to have a rest. |
|
2 |
I am waiting |
to hear your explanation. |
|
3 |
Somebody has called |
to see you. |
|
4 |
We went |
to see the Exhibition. |
|
5 |
He got up |
to answer the bell. |
|
6 |
I stood up |
to see better. |
|
7 |
I come |
to bury Caesar, not to praise him. |
|
8 |
They ran |
to help her. |
|
9 |
Would you care |
to go for a walk? |
|
10 |
She longed |
to know how -the children were get ting on. |
|
11 |
They agreed |
to join us. |
|
12 |
Don't hesitate |
to refuse if you think the plan is unwise. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитив с частицей to |
|
1 |
He came |
to see that he was mistaken. |
|
2 |
How do you come |
to know that? |
|
3 |
Now that I come |
to think of it... |
|
4 |
How can I get |
to know her? |
|
5 |
He lived |
to be ninety. |
|
6 |
You will live |
to regret it. |
|
7 |
Will he live |
to finish his great work? |
|
8 |
The news proved (turned out) |
to be true. |
|
9 |
He is growing |
to be more obedient. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитивный оборот |
|
1 |
Не awoke |
to find the house on fire. |
|
2 |
The drunken man awoke |
to find himself in prison. |
|
3 |
The good old days have gone |
never to return. |
|
4 |
The jet air-liner has come |
to stay. |
|
5 |
I rejoice |
to hear of your success. |
|
6 |
I grieve |
to hear of your failure. |
|
7 |
She shuddered (trembled) |
to think of it. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитивный оборот |
|
1 |
I fail |
to see what you mean. |
|
2 |
We happened |
to be there. |
|
3 |
I chanced |
to meet him in the park. |
|
4 |
He appeared |
to enjoy the concert. |
|
5 |
They seemed |
not to notice it. |
|
6 |
The swimmer failed |
to reach the shore. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Инфинитив (+ ...) |
|
1 |
John and I are |
to meet at the station at six o'clock. |
|
2 |
We are |
to be married in May. |
|
3 |
We were |
to be married in May. |
|
4 |
We were |
to nave been married in May. |
|
5 |
At what time am I |
to come? |
|
6 |
Where am I |
to put this box? |
|
7 |
Am I |
to stand here for ever? . |
|
8 |
You are |
always to knock before you come into my room. |
|
9 |
I am |
to inform you that... |
|
10 |
Nobody is |
to know. |
|
11 |
How am I |
to pay my debts? |
|
12 |
The purse was not |
to be found. |
|
13 |
As I was |
about to say... |
|
14 |
This I was only |
to learn later. |
|
15 |
He was |
never to see his wife or children again. |
|
16 |
The new building is |
to be six stories high. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол (am, is, are, was, were) going |
Инфинитив (с частицей to) |
|
1 |
Is it going |
to be fine tomorrow? |
|
2 |
The shortage is going |
to continue. |
|
3 |
He felt he was going |
to be sick. |
|
4 |
It's going |
to rain soon. |
|
5 |
The work is going |
to be more difficult than I expected. |
|
6 |
Where are you going |
to spend your holidays? |
|
7 |
I'm going |
to finish this work before six o'clock. |
|
8 |
When is she going |
to help you? |
|
9 |
We're going |
to plant some apple-trees here. |
|
10 |
Are you going |
to learn Russian? |
|
11 |
She said she was going |
to have her own way. |
|
12 |
I'm going |
to tell you a story. |
|
13 |
She's going |
to have a baby. |
|
1 |
2 |
|
Простое настоящее |
Настоящее длительное |
|
(Simple Present Tense) |
(Present Continuous Tense) |
|
I write |
I am writing |
|
You write |
You are writing |
|
He writes |
He' is writing |
|
We write |
We are writing |
|
They write |
They are writing |
|
3 |
4 |
|
Простое прошедшее |
Прошедшее длительное |
|
(Simple Past Tense) |
(Past Continuous Tense) |
|
I wrote |
I was writing |
|
You wrote' |
You were writing |
|
He wrote |
He was writing |
|
We wrote |
We were writing |
|
They wrote |
They were writing |
|
5 |
6 |
|
Будущее |
Будущее длительное |
|
(Future Tense) |
(Future Continuous Tense) |
|
I shall write |
I shall be writing |
|
You will write |
You will be writing |
|
He will write |
He will be writing |
|
We shall write |
We shall' be writing |
|
They will write |
They will be writing |
|
7 |
8 |
|
Преднастоящее (Present Perfect) |
Преднастоящее длительное (Present Perfect Continuous) |
|
I have written |
I have been writing |
|
You have written |
You have been writing |
|
He has written |
He has been writing |
|
We have written |
We have been writing |
|
They have written |
They have been writing |
|
9 |
10 |
|
Предпрошедшее |
Предпрошедшее длительное |
|
(Past Perfect) |
(Past Perfect Continuous), |
|
I had written |
I had been writing |
|
You had written |
You had been writing |
|
He had written |
He had been writing |
|
We had written |
We had been writing |
|
They had written |
They had been writing |
|
11 |
12 |
|
Предбудущее (Future Perfect) |
Предбудущее длительное (Future Perfect Continuous) |
|
I shall have written You will have written He will have written We shall have written They will have written |
I shall have been writing . You will have been writing He will have been writing We shall have been writing They will have been writing |
|
Подлежащее |
Личный глагол |
Предикативный член (именная часть сказуемого) |
|
For him to live on his small pension |
was |
hard. |
|
Everyone |
is |
anxious for you to accept the offer. |
|
ПК 1 |
Г |
I shall be glad to have your help. Я буду рад вашей помощи. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
I shall be glad of your help. Я буду рад вашей помощи. |
|
ПК 3 |
|
I'm glad (that) you can help me. Я рад, что вы можете помочь мне. |
|
ПК 1 |
Б |
I'm sorry to hear (that) your brother failed in his exams. Я огорчен тем, что ваш брат не выдержал экзамены. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
I'm sorry about your brother's failure in his exams. Я огорчен тем (сожалею о том), что ваш брат не выдержал экзамены. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
I'm sorry for your brother. Я огорчен за (мне жаль) вашего брата. |
|
ПК 3 |
|
I'm sorry (that) your brother failed in his exams. Я огорчен тем (мне жаль), что ваш брат не выдержал экзамены. |
|
ПК 1 |
|
He's sure to come. Он непременно придет. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
Are you sure about (или of) that? Вы уверены в этом? |
|
ПК 3 |
|
I'm not sure (about) where this ought to go. Я не знаю (не уверен), куда это надо положить. |
|
ПК 1 |
Б |
Harry is anxious to start early. Гарри хочет отправиться пораньше. |
|
ПК 1 |
Б |
We're anxious for Harry to start early. Мы очень хотим, чтобы Гарри отправился пораньше. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
They will be anxious for news of your arrival. Они будут с нетерпением ожидать известий о вашем прибытии. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
They're anxious about their daughter's health. Они беспокоятся за здоровье своей дочери. |
|
ПК 3 |
|
I'm anxious that he should come. Я хочу, чтобы он пришел. |
|
ПК 1 |
|
Be careful not to let that vase fall. Будьте осторожнее, чтобы не уронить эту вазу. |
|
ПК 2 |
|
Be careful with that vase. Будьте осторожнее с этой вазой. |
|
ПК3 |
|
Be careful (that) you don't drop that vase. Будьте осторожнее, чтобы вы не уронили эту вазу. |
|
There are |
Some no several a few two or three many |
(more) |
|
|
|
We have |
a lot lots plenty |
more |
books |
in the next room. |
|
|
plenty of a lot of a large number enough of |
|
|
|
|
|
some |
|
|
|
|
several |
|
|
|
|
a few |
|
these |
|
|
two or three |
|
those |
|
I should like |
many a lot |
(more) of |
these small apples those red apples |
|
|
lots |
|
your best apples |
|
|
plenty |
|
|
|
|
a few |
|
|
|
|
some |
|
|
|
|
|
no |
(more) |
|
|
|
|
(not) much |
|
|
|
|
|
a great deal |
|
|
|
|
There is We have |
a good deal a lot lots |
more |
tea bread |
in the storeroom |
|
|
plenty |
|
sugar |
|
|
|
a lot of |
|
|
|
|
|
a large quantity |
of |
|
|
|
|
plenty of |
|
|
|
|
|
(not) enough |
|
|
|
|
|
some |
|
|
|
|
no |
|
this |
|
|
a little |
|
that |
|
I should like |
a good deal |
more of |
the brown flour |
|
|
much |
|
your white flour |
|
|
a lot |
|
|
|
|
plenty |
|
|
|
None Both Several Two or three Few A few Some Many A large number A lot Lots All |
|
them these those |
|
were broken |
|
|
of |
the these those my (your, etc.) John's |
eggs |
|
|
All |
|
It This that |
|
|
|
Some |
|
|
|
|
|
None Much |
|
|
|
|
|
A great deal A good deal Little A little A lot Lots |
of |
this that the our Mr. Green's |
farm land |
is fertile |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
We |
both |
think so. |
|
2 |
We |
all |
want to go. |
|
3 |
They |
both |
play well. |
|
4 |
А, В and С |
each |
made different suggestions. |
|
1 |
They |
can |
both |
play well. |
|
2 |
They |
were |
both |
absent. |
|
3 |
Tney |
have |
all |
gone. |
|
4 |
You |
will |
both |
be late. |
|
5 |
You |
may |
all |
go now. |
|
6 |
А, В and С |
have |
each |
made different suggestions. |
|
The office in which he works. |
} |
Учреждение, в котором, (где) он работает. |
|
The office he works in. |
|
|
|
The office where he works. |
|
|
|
The restaurant at which I had lunch. The restaurant I had lunch at. The restaurant where I had lunch. |
} |
Ресторан, в котором (где) я позавтракал. |
|
The place at which we stopped to rest. The place where we stopped to rest. |
} |
Место, а котором (где) Мы; остановились отдохнуть. |
|
The days on which you don't go to school. The days when you don't go to school. |
} |
Дни, в которые (когда) вы не ходите в школу. |
|
Sunday is the day on which people take their rest. Sunday is the day when people take their rest. |
} |
Воскресенье -- это день, в который (когда) люди отдыхают. |
|
The years during which he was in the army. The years when he was in the army. |
} |
Годы, которые он провел (когда он был) в армии. |
|
The reason for which he comes here is... |
} |
Причиной его прихода сюда является ... |
|
The reason why he comes here is.... |
|
|
|
The reason he comes here is ... |
|
|
|
There is every reason why you should be displeased. |
} |
У вас есть все основания (для того, чтобы) быть недовольным. |
|
There is every reason for your, being displeased. |
|
|
|
You have every reason to be displeased. |
|
|
|
We know Не told me |
something nothing |
about |
it them that man |
|
Do you know Can you tell me |
anything |
|
|
|
|
Определители |
Качество |
Размер, длина, форма |
Цвет |
Материал, назначение |
Определяемое существительное |
|
1 |
a very |
valuable, old |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gold |
watch |
|
2 |
а |
|
long |
brown |
leather |
belt |
|
3 |
а |
|
high |
red |
brick |
wall |
|
4* |
quite an |
attractive |
triangular |
green |
Cape- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colony |
stamp |
|
5* |
those |
smart |
|
brown |
snake skin |
shoes |
|
6 |
some |
sour |
|
green |
eating |
apples |
|
7* |
several |
|
large |
red |
pickling |
cabbages |
|
8 |
her |
|
small, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
round |
pink |
|
face |
|
9 |
a |
useful |
oblong |
|
tin |
box |
|
10* |
a |
pretty |
|
purple |
silk |
dress |
|
1 |
this |
morning (afternoon, evening) week (month, term, year, etc.) January (February, etc.) spring (summer, etc.) |
|
2 |
next last |
Sunday (Monday, etc.) week (month, term, year, etc.) January (February, etc.) spring (summer,' etc.) |
|
3 |
(the) next the following |
day (morning, afternoon, evening, night) week (month, year, etc.) January February, etc.) spring (summer, etc.) |
|
4 |
tomorrow last |
evening night |
|
5 |
tomorrow yesterday |
morning (afternoon, evening) |
|
6 |
the day |
after tomorrow before yesterday. |
|
7 |
the week (month, year, etc,) |
after next before last |
|
8 |
one |
morning (afternoon, evening, night) Monday (Tuesday, etc.) morning (afternoon, evening, night) day (morning, etc.) in May (June, etc.) June (spring, etc.) morning (afternoon, etc.) |
|
9 |
today (this day) tomorrow yesterday |
week (fortnight) |
|
1 |
(not) long a short (long, considerable) a moment (minute, hour, time (while) week, month, etc.) |
ago |
|
|
2 |
a few several (not) many two or three (etc.) |
minutes hours days weeks (etc.) |
ago |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
a week (fortnight, month, etc.) two (three, a few, several, etc.) weeks (months, etc.) |
ago |
(today) yesterday last Monday |
|
1 |
on before after by |
Sunday (Monday, etc.) |
next last morning afternoon evening night |
|
|
|
|
Sunday. (Monday, etc.) week (fortnight) the first (second, etc.) Sunday (Monday etc.) in May (June, etc.) the first (second, etc.) of May (June, etc.) May (June, etc.) the first (second, etc.) |
||
|
2 |
in during |
May (June, etc.) (the) spring (summer, etc.) the morning (afternoon, evening,-day, night) (the year) 500 В. С.,* 1066, 1914, etc. |
||
|
3 |
at before after by |
six o'clock (half past two, etc.) noon (midday, midnight) dawn (sunrise, sunset) Easter, Christmas, the New Year breakfast (supper, etc.) time |
||
|
|
|
a few minutes (hours, days, etc.) |
||
|
4 |
in |
an hour's half (quarter of) an hour's |
|
time |
|
|
|
a few (several) two (three, etc.) two or three (four or five) |
hours' days' weeks' (etc.) |
|
|
|
Подлежащее |
Наречие частоты |
Личный глагол (+ другие второстепенные члены предложения) |
|
1 |
The sun |
always |
rises in the east. |
|
2 |
Mr. Black |
occasionally |
goes to the cinema. |
|
3 |
His wife |
never |
goes. |
|
4 |
My brother |
rarely |
writes to me. |
|
5 |
We |
generally |
have breakfast at seven. |
|
6 |
Tom |
usually |
cycles to school. |
|
7 |
Harry |
always |
goes to school by bus. |
|
8 |
He |
sometimes |
goes to bed very late. |
|
9 |
Mrs. Green |
hardly ever |
plays tennis now. |
|
10 |
I wonder whether you |
ever |
met my brother while you were in Finland. |
|
|
Подлежащее + личный глагол |
Наречие частоты |
Основная часть сказуемого и остальные члены предложения |
|
1 |
I am |
always |
at home on Sundays. |
|
2 |
I can |
hardly ever |
understand what that man says. |
|
3 |
Do you |
often |
play tennis? |
|
4 |
They don't |
often |
go to bed late. |
|
5 |
You don't |
usually |
arrive late, do you? |
|
6 |
You should |
always |
try to be punctual. |
|
7 |
She will |
occasionally |
offer to help. |
|
8 |
She has |
never |
had a holiday. |
|
9 |
We can |
generally |
get there in time. |
|
10 |
Will he |
ever |
learn anything useful? |
|
11 |
I wonder whether they will |
ever |
improve. |
|
12 |
I have |
rarely |
seen better .work. |
|
13 |
They can |
seldom |
find time for reading. |
|
14 |
You must |
never |
do that again. |
|
every |
|
now and then now and again |
|
ever |
|
so often |
|
once, twice |
an hour a day |
|
|
three (four, etc.) two or three (three or four, etc.) several |
times |
a week a month a year, etc. |
|
every every other |
|
hour (day, morning, evening, week, month, etc.) |
|
every two (three, etc.) every few |
|
minutes (hours, days, weeks, etc.) |
|
every second (third, etc.) |
|
day (week, etc.) |
|
|
Подлежащее |
Наречие |
Личный глагол + прочие члены предложения |
|
1 |
You |
almost |
managed it that time. |
|
2 |
They |
already |
know all about it. |
|
3 |
His employers |
even |
offered him higher wages. |
|
4 |
She |
hardly |
liked to ask for an extra holiday. |
|
5 |
He |
just |
caught the train. |
|
6 |
Mr. Green |
merely |
hinted at the possibility. |
|
7 |
You |
nearly |
missed the bus. |
|
8 |
I |
only |
wanted to ask you the time. |
|
9 |
I |
quite |
understand. |
|
10 |
We |
rather |
like it. |
|
11 |
They |
soon |
found what they wanted. |
|
12 |
She |
still |
hopes to get news of him. |
|
13 |
I |
hardly |
know what to do. |
|
14 |
They |
already. |
owe me.? 50. |
|
15 |
Mr. White |
quite |
agreed with me. |
|
16 |
The engine |
still |
makes a lot. of noise. |
|
|
Подлежащее |
Вспомогательный (модальный) глагол(+ not) |
Наречие |
Основная часть сказуемого и второстепенные члени предложения |
|
1 |
I |
have |
almost |
finished. |
|
2 |
The postman |
has |
already |
been. |
|
3 |
They |
have |
also |
visited Milan. |
|
4 |
They |
didn't |
even |
try to help! |
|
5 |
I |
need |
hardly |
say that he did well. |
|
6 |
They |
had |
just |
finished breakfast. |
|
7 |
She |
has (is) |
quite |
recovered from her illness. |
|
8 |
We |
shall |
soon |
be there. |
|
9 |
We |
are |
still . |
waiting. |
|
10 |
They |
would |
rather |
stay at home. |
|
(for) |
some time, a long (short) time half an hour, a quarter of an hour a week, a month, a year, etc. |
|
|
|
several a few two or three many the next (last) few (three, etc.) over (under) three more (less) than three |
minutes hours days weeks months years (etc.) |
|
|
morning |
|
night |
|
|
Sunday |
to |
Friday |
|
|
May |
till |
August |
|
from |
two o'clock |
until |
six o'clock |
|
|
1901 |
|
1937 |
|
|
(etc.) |
|
(etc.) |
|
until till up to |
tomorrow (morning, etc.) June the first 1939 |
|
|
|
since |
five o'clock breakfast Sunday the first of May 1915 |
|
|
|
Put the books on the table. Положите книги на стол. |
Ring me up at my office. Позвоните мне на работу. |
|
The map was hung on the wall. Карту повесили на стену. |
Не jumped into the water. Он прыгнул в воду. |
|
She sings beautifully. Она чудесно поет. |
Не is working well. Он работает хорошо. |
|
He's playing badly today. Он плохо играет сегодня. |
She is working hard. Она работает усердно. |
|
Не quickly picked up the ball. He picked up the ball: quickly. |
} |
Он быстро поднял мяч. |
|
I deeply regret the mistake. I regret the mistake deeply. |
} |
Я глубоко сожалею об этой ошибке. |
|
He frankly admitted his error. He admitted his error frankly. |
} |
Он честно признался в своей ошибке. |
|
I had completely forgotten it. I had forgotten it completely. |
} |
Я совершенно забыл об этом. |
|
|
Главные члены предложения |
Обстоятельство места или направления |
Обстоятельство времени |
|
1 |
We went for a swim |
in the lake |
before breakfast. |
|
2 |
I will be |
there |
early. |
|
3 |
We are going |
to .Holland |
next month. |
|
4 |
They landed |
at Dover |
the next, morning. |
|
5 |
I expect to be |
back home |
by Tuesday. |
|
6 |
Meet me |
outside the post office |
at five o'clock on Monday. |
|
7 |
They went |
to the cinema |
on Saturday-evening. |
|
8 |
Please return the books |
to the library |
before Monday. |
|
9 |
Can you get |
here |
by evening? |
|
|
Главные члены предложения |
Обстоятельство места, направления |
Обстоятельство повторности, частоты |
Обстоятельство времени |
|
1 |
I have been |
to London |
several times |
this year. |
|
2 |
He walked |
round the park |
twice |
before supper. |
|
3 |
He gave lectures |
at the training college |
three days a week |
last term. last week. |
|
4 |
He saw that film |
at Regal Cinema |
twice |
|
|
5 |
He goes |
to Africa |
every other year. |
|
|
As the rain had ruined her hat, she had to buy a new one. |
} |
Так как дождь испортил ее шляпу, ей пришлось купить себе новую. |
|
The rain having ruined her hat, she had to buy a new one. |
|
|
|
As there was nothing to do, we went home. |
} |
Поскольку (так как) нам нечего было делать, мы. пошли домой. |
|
There being nothing to do, we went home. |
|
|
|
As she was tired out after her long walk, she went to bed early. |
} |
Так как она устала (устав) после долгой прогулки, она рано легла спать. |
|
Tired out after her long walk, she went to bed early. |
|
|
|
The boy was scolded because he was late. |
} |
Мальчика отругали за то, что он опоздал (за опоздание). |
|
The boy was scolded for being late. |
|
|
|